Kutenga kumakhala kuchepa kwa maulendo ambiri omwe amapangidwa bwino ndipo amadziwika ndi zida zovuta ndi zochepa komanso zovuta kuchotsa. Ndi chikhalidwe chogonjera, chosiyana kwa anthu payekha chifukwa cha kayendedwe kake ka matumbo ndi zizindikiro zawo zosasangalatsa. Zikhoza kuyambitsidwa ndi chirichonse chomwe chimachepetsanso motility m'matumbo kapena chimachepetsa m'matumbo.
Kutenga kumapezeka kawirikawiri kwa odwala pafupi mapeto a moyo. Odwala khansa angakhale ndi chiwerengero chachikulu kwambiri, ndipo 70 peresenti ya odwala 100 alionse omwe akudwala panthawi ina. Matendawa amakhudza moyo wa wodwala kwambiri. Zimayambitsa matenda, thanzi, komanso maganizo a odwala, zomwe zingakhudze osamalira awo.
Zizindikiro
Chizindikiro choyamba cha kudzimbidwa ndi kuchepa kwafupipafupi komanso kuchuluka kwa ziwalo. Odwala ndi osamalira awo nthawi zina amanena kuti izi zimachepetsa kuchepa kwa chakudya kapena madzi. Chifukwa kudzimbidwa ndibodza, chomwe chimatanthauza kwa wodwala akhoza kukhala wosiyana ndi wina. Mwachitsanzo, ngati wodwala amakhala ndi kayendedwe kake tsiku lililonse ndipo mwadzidzidzi amayamba kukhala nawo katatu pa sabata, kudzimbidwa kumayenera kuganiziridwa. Ngati, komabe wodwalayo amakhala ndi chiwalo tsiku lililonse, kupita masiku awiri kapena atatu wopanda wina sikungakhale kovuta.
Zizindikilo zina za kudzimbidwa zimaphatikizapo kuphulika , kutsepa m'mimba , kusintha kwa kuchuluka kwa mafuta, kupweteka kwa madzi, kupweteka kwapakhosi kapena kupanikizika, kupweteka kwa pakhosi pamatumbo, komanso kulephera kutsika. Ngati kudzimbidwa sikupitilidwe kwa kanthawi, kunyozetsa ndi kusanza kungayambenso.
Zimayambitsa
Kudziletsa kungayambitsidwe ndi matenda. Kumangidwanso kwa khansa kungayambitse zilonda m'mimba, pafupi ndi msana, kapena m'mimba. Matendawa amatha kupondereza kapena kutsekereza matumbo kapena kuchepetsa motility m'matumbo.
Matenda a ubongo monga Parkinson , MS , ndi ALS- nthawi zina amalepheretsa chapamimba motility. Matenda a shuga angayambitse matenda a ubongo omwe amachititsa kuchepetsa kayendetsedwe kake. Zinthu zina, monga hypothyroidism, zingayambitsenso kudzimbidwa.
Kusintha kwa moyo monga kuchepa kwa njala ndi kudya kwa madzi kumayambitsa hypercalcemia , kapena kuchuluka kwa calcium m'magazi, zomwe zingachititse kuchepa kwa madzi m'mimba, kuchititsa kudzimbidwa. Kufooka ndi kuchepa ntchito kumakhudza momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito mitsempha ya m'mimba ndi kupumula mitsempha ya pakhosi, yomwe ndi yofunika kuti muwonongeke bwino.
Mankhwala angakhalenso chifukwa cha kudzimbidwa. Mankhwala otchedwa opioid analgesics, monga morphine ndi oxycodone, amachepetsanso motility m'matumbo mwa kupondereza patsogolo phokoso ndi kuwonjezera liwu la anal sphincter. Opioids amachititsanso kuti madzi ndi ma electrolytes azikhala m'matumbo akuluakulu komanso aang'ono, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zolimba.
Mankhwala ena omwe angapangitse kudzimbidwa ndi awa:
- Vinka alkaloid chemotherapy monga Velban (vinblastine)
- Mankhwala a anticholinergic monga Phenergan (promethazine)
- Tricyclic zodetsa nkhaŵa monga Paxil (paroxetine)
- Mankhwala a Antiparkinsonian kuphatikizapo levodopa
- Iron imathandizira
- Antihypertensives (mankhwala othamanga kwambiri a magazi)
- Antihistamines ngati Benadryl (diphenhydramine)
- Antacids
- Diuretics kuphatikizapo Lasix (furosemide)
Kodi Ndingapewe Bwanji Kapena Kutenga Kukanika?
Kupewa kudziletsa kumateteza ku chakudya chokwanira chamadzi, chakudya choyenera, komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi.
Zotsatira:
Kinzbrunner, BM; Weinreb, NJ; Policzer, JS; Mavuto Odziwika: Kutha kwa Moyo Care, McGraw-Hill Publishing, 2002.
Ferrell, BR, ndi Coyle, N; Buku la Palliative Nursing, Oxford University Press, 2006.