Kugwiritsa ntchito molakwa mawu akuti "khansa" kumakhala ndi vuto lalikulu. Khansa yeniyeni imafuna kuchita, kulandira thandizo lachipatala ndi cholinga chopulumutsa moyo. Koma ganizirani zovuta zomwe zimachitika powuza munthu yemwe ali ndi khansara ngati si zoona. Mavuto oopsawa akuchitika kwa amuna 100,000 chaka chilichonse ku United States mwa amuna omwe amatha kusinthana ndi singano ndipo amauzidwa kuti ali ndi kansa ya prostate yomwe ili ndi Gleason 6.
Koma talingalirani zomwe zimatanthauza: Bwanji ngati Gleason 6 khansa ya prostate yosiyana si kwenikweni khansara?
Gleason 6 ndi Khansa?
Chisankho choyika Gleason 6 ngati kansa yakhazikitsidwa mmbuyomo; madokotala nthawi imeneyo ankaganiza kuti maselowo amayang'ana khansa pansi pa microscope. Tsopano chowonadi choyamba ndi chakuti kalasi ya 6 si kwenikweni khansara. Komabe, kusintha maganizo pa chinthu china chomwe chakhala ndi khansa kuyambira zaka makumi asanu ndi awiri zapitazo zakhala zovuta. Madokotala ambiri omwe amapanga mankhwala a prostate akupitirizabe kupereka mankhwala othandiza kwambiri kwa Gleason 6.
Mkalasi 7 ndi Pamwamba Ndi Khansa Yeniyeni
Chimodzi mwa chisokonezo chikugwirizana ndi zoonekeratu kuti khansa ina ya prostate ( Gleason 7 ndi pamwamba ) imakhalapo ndipo nthawi zina imapha. Chikhalidwe chaukhondo cha Gleason 6 chimasokonezeka nthawi zonse ndi khansa yapamwamba, yomwe imatsogolera ku imfa pafupifupi amuna 30,000 pachaka.
Vuto lakhala losowa kafukufuku wochenjera wa sayansi womwe umapangidwira kulumikiza molondola chiwerengero choyambirira cha Gleason, chomwe chimatsimikiziridwa pa nthawi ya kufotokoza, ku imfa ya khansa yomwe imapezeka nthawi zoposa khumi.
Chifukwa chosowa kuzindikira kuti pali vuto linalake, pakhala nthawi yayitali kuti tichite zofunikirazo.
Kuchedwa kotereku kumakhalanso chifukwa cha kukula kwa kansalu ya prostate. Ngakhale kagulu ka amuna omwe amafa ndi kansa ya prostate nthawi zambiri amakhala nawo kwa zaka khumi ndi makumi awiri asanafike.
Ali ndi kanthawi kochepa pakati pa kugonana ndi kufa, ofufuza sanafune khungu la khansa ya prostate yomwe siimayambitsa imfa. Choncho, zotsatira za maphunziro amenewa zakhala zikupezeka tsopano.
Kodi Mawu akuti "Khansa" Amatanthauza Chiyani?
Popeza tikuyesera kusiyanitsa pakati pa Gleason 6 ndi apamwamba kwambiri khansa ya prostate imamveketsa zomwe mawu akuti "khansara" amatanthauza: maselo aumunthu omwe ali ndi mphamvu ya metastase ndi khansa. Maselo a kansa omwe angathe kufalikira kunja kwa prostate ndi m'gulu lina ndi metastatic . Maselo a maselo akafika m'thupi lina, amayamba kufalikira ndikukula m'mimba. Pamene zotupazo zimafika kukula, zimayambitsa kupweteka kwa thupi. Ngati kuwonongeka kwa thupi kuli kovuta, njirayi imakhala yakupha.
Maonekedwe a Khansa Zosiyana
Khansa imatchulidwa ndi malo omwe anachokera, momwe kukula kwake kwakula, ndi kalasi yawo. Mwachitsanzo, mapapo, ubongo, ndi prostate khansa zonse zimachita mosiyana chifukwa chakuti zimachokera ku ziwalo zosiyana. Zilibe kanthu kuti tikulankhulira chiani, zikuluzikuluzi zimakhala zoopsa kwambiri.
Ziphuphu zazikuluzikulu ndizoopsa chifukwa ali ndi mwayi wokhala ndi zida zapamwamba.
Ziphuphu zopweteka zimakhala ndi maonekedwe omwe angakhale openya omwe amasiyanitsa ndi maselo otsika kwambiri. Utumiki uwu ukuchitidwa ndi dokotala wophunzitsidwa wotchedwa wodwala matenda.
"Kalasi" ndi katswiri wodziwa momwe mawonekedwe a kansa akuonekera pansi pa microscope. Kulemba kungagwiritsidwe ntchito kuti uwonetsere mwayi wa metastases yamtsogolo. Masiku ano, kulondola kwa kuyesedwa kwapamwamba kumapitsidwanso kwambiri ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ma genetic test kuti zojambula za majeremusi ena omwe amadziwika kuti akugwirizana ndi khalidwe laukali kwambiri.
Kusinthika kwa Maganizo Amakono Pankhani ya Khansa ya Prostate
Pambuyo poyang'ana PSA ndi singano ya singano inayamba kufalikira kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1990, kansa ya prostate imapezeka kawirikawiri itatha .
Kansara ya prostate ya prostate ndi yoopsa komanso yoopsa. Kupyolera muzaka zambiri za kusamalira amuna omwe ali ndi kansa ya prostatic prostate, madokotala anayamba kukhala ndi maganizo otetezeka: zovuta zonse, kuphatikizapo ponseponse ponena za kukula kwa kansa ya prostate. Mwachidziwikire, maganizo amenewa adakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi momwe iwo ankaonera kansa ya prostate yapamwamba pomwe idayamba kukhala yofala chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa ntchito ya kuunika kwa PSA ndi zitsulo za singano. Choncho, kwa zaka zambiri, madokotala akhala akuganiza molakwika kuti khansa yonse ya khansa ya prostate idzasanduka metastatic ngati ikusamutsidwa.
Kodi Tingadziwe Bwanji Kuti Gleason 6 Subtype ya Khansa ya Prostate Sidzafalikira?
Kafukufuku akuwonetsa zotsatira za nthawi yaitali za amuna omwe ali ndi Gleason 6 atsiriza. Kafukufukuyu anayenera kuchitidwa opaleshoni chifukwa opaleshoni yochotsa prostate imathandiza kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tiziyenda bwino kwambiri. Kuchita opaleshoni ndiyo njira yokhayo yotsimikizira kuti chida choyambirira cha singano chowonetsera Gulu la 6 chinali cholondola ndipo kuti malo amodzi apamwamba kwambiri sankasowa.
Kuchotsa prostate yonse kotero kuti idzayang'anitsedwe bwino ndi wodwalayo ndi njira yokhayo yotsimikizira kuti 100 peresenti ya khansa ya prostate ilidi Kalasi ya 6. Tsopano, maphunziro ochulukirapo ochulukirapo opititsa opaleshoni oposa mazana a anthu ayang'ana oposa 10 zaka, pambuyo pake, zatsirizidwa. Zomwe mukupeza ndizakuti kalasi ya 6 sichitha kuchepa.
Kodi Madokotala Anapanga Chinyengo Chachikulu?
Khansa ya prostate imapezeka ndi njira yachilendo komanso yapadera. Zojambula khumi ndi ziwiri-zogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi singano zamagetsi zimadulidwa kupyola mu khoma la prostate kupita ku prostate popanda kuyesa kuyang'ana zosavuta zina. Njira yosamvetsetseka yakhala ikugwira ntchito bwino chifukwa prostate ndi kachilombo kakang'ono, kakang'ono ka mtedza. Zovutazo ndizo chifukwa chakuti kudumpha kuli kosavuta, amatha kuphonya kansa ya prostate yapamwamba (Gleason 7 kapena pamwamba).
Khansara ya prostate imakonda multifocal ; izi zikutanthauza kuti zotupa zikhoza kupezeka mu gawo limodzi la prostate gland. Matendawa amatha kukhala osiyana. Malo amodzi angakhale Gleason 6 ndipo dera lina lingasonyeze Gleason 8. Chifukwa chake, pamene singano zimalowetsedwera, zimatheka kuti Gleason 6 adziwe ngati Gleason 8 alipo. Zofukufuku zomwe zachitika mpaka lero zikuwonetsa kuti pafupifupi mmodzi mwa amuna anayi omwe amachitidwa bwino 12-core nthenda yosalongosola singano yosonyeza Gleason 6 kwenikweni sakuzindikira matenda apamwamba apamwamba kwinakwake mu prostate.
Kudalira kokha njirayi yosasinthika, madokotala akhoza kunyengedwera kuti akhulupirire wodwala ali ndi Gleason 6 okha pamene nthawi zina kalasiyo ili pamwamba kwambiri. Ichi ndi gwero loyambirira la chikhulupiliro chonyenga chakuti Gleason 6 ikhoza kusokoneza. Amuna omwe ali ndi "Gleason 6," amene anachiritsidwa, ndipo kenaka anadwala matenda a khansa, adatsogolera madokotala kukhulupirira kuti maselo a khansa ya Gleason 6 anali atatha. Tsopano tikudziwa kuti ma recurrences, omwe amaganiziridwa kuti akuchokera ku Gleason 6, kwenikweni anali kuchitika kwa amuna omwe anali ndi kansa ya prostate kapena yapamwamba ya prostate yomwe inabisika kudera lina la prostate ndipo sanazindikiridwe ndi prostate yoyamba biopsy .
Njira Zachikhalidwe Zoperekera Zosokoneza Bwino
Kuonetsetsa kuti khansa ya prostate imachepetsedwa, njira yowonjezera yakhala ikulimbikitsira opaleshoni yochulukirapo kapena kuwala kwa anthu onse, "kuti akhale otetezeka." Kutenga anthu onse kumaphatikizapo kuthekera kwa matenda osaphunzira osaphunzira ndi kuthetsa udindo wa dokotala ngati Kubwereranso kumachitika m'tsogolomu. Mwamwayi, zaka zoposa makumi awiri zapitazi, ndondomeko yowawayi yachititsa kuti anthu asapitirire kuchipatala osapitirira mamiliyoni awiri ndipo chithandizochi chikhoza kuchititsa kuti asakhale ndi mphamvu komanso kusadziletsa.
Tsopano kuti madokotala akuzindikira zovuta zopereka chithandizo kwa aliyense, njira ina yomwe imatchedwa kuyang'anitsitsa yogwira ntchito ikupeza kulandiridwa. Pazaka khumi zapitazo, kuyang'ana kwachangu kwakhala kukuvomerezedwa kuti ndi njira yabwino yothetsera amuna osankhidwa ndi khansa ya prostate ya Gleason 6. Kuwonetsetsa kovomerezeka kumavomerezedwa ndi National Comprehensive Care Network (NCCN), The American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) ndi American Urological Association (AUA) monga njira yowonetsera Gleason 6.
Amuna omwe amapezeka kuti ali ndi Gawo 6 akuyang'anitsitsa ndi kufufuza kawirikawiri za PSA yawo. Amakhalanso ndi zida zazing'onoting'ono zapakati pazaka 12 zapitazi pofuna kuyesa matenda aliwonse apamwamba omwe mwina amasowa pa chiyambi choyambirira. Pulogalamu ya kuyesa kwa PSA ndi nthawi zamakono sizosangalatsa, koma mankhwala opambana ndi opaleshoni kapena ma radiation ali ndi zotsatira zowonjezereka. Komabe, posachedwapa, njira zatsopano zojambulira zikuyamba kupezeka zomwe zimapereka njira zina zotsatizana.
MRI Imaging ndi Biopsy
Zizindikirozi ndi zosasangalatsa ndipo nthawi zina zimayambitsa matenda oopsa kapena magazi. Ngakhale kuti chiwerengero cha nthendayi chosawerengeka chimaonedwa kuti ndi golidi yoyendera khansa ya prostate, imayerekezera bwanji ndi kujambula kwamakono ndi MRI yambiri?
Funsoli linayesedwa bwino pa phunziro lalikulu lomwe linaphatikizapo amuna 600 omwe ali ndi miyezo yapamwamba ya PSA omwe adadzipereka kuti akhale ndi MRI yowonjezereka, biopsy yosakanizidwa ndi kukwaniritsa biopsy kuti ayese njira yomwe inali yolondola kwambiri prostate pansi pa anesthesia ndipo ndiyo njira yolondola kwambiri yodziwira khansa ya prostate). Poyerekeza ndi chiwonetsero chokwanira, phokoso losavuta ladzidzidzi linazindikira 75 peresenti ya amuna omwe anali ndi matenda apamwamba kwambiri. MRI yowonjezereka yapamwamba inazindikira 90 peresenti ya amuna omwe anali ndi kansa ya prostate yapamwamba.
Phunziroli linatsimikizira kuti MRI yabwino kwambiri, yomwe imapanga zinthu zambiri, imakhala yolondola kwambiri kusiyana ndi chiwerengero chokhazikika . Mwamwayi, ambiri a urologists , mtundu wa madokotala omwe ali ndi udindo woyang'anira ochitapo kanthu opitilira, akuphunzitsidwabe mwa njira yosasinthika yopangira khansa ya prostate ndi kuyang'anira.
Kutsiliza
Amuna omwe ali ndi Gleason 6 alibe khansara m'lingaliro lenileni la mawuwo. Palibe chiopsezo chothetsera matendawa. Mpaka posachedwapa, kuyambira kwakukulu kwa kuyang'anitsitsa kwakhala kofunika kubwereza chidziwitso chosasintha nthawi ndi nthawi. Kufika kwa MRI yowonjezereka kwambiri kumawoneka kukhala njira yabwino kwambiri. Masiku ano, munthu amene amapezeka ndi Gleason 6 ali ndi mwayi wopanga pulogalamu yoyang'anira popanda kufunika nthawi 12 zamkati za singano.