Kuyerekezera Nasal Antihistamine ndi Nasal Steroid Sprays
Kuchepetsa mitsempha ( matenda oopsa a rhinitis ) sangakhale ovuta kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda aakulu. Zingakhudze mphamvu za munthu kuti zithe kugwira ntchito ndi kuchepa kwambiri khalidwe la moyo. Ngakhale mankhwala am'kamwa angachepetse zizindikiro zambirizi, nthawi zambiri zimayambitsa zotsatira zosafunika zochokera ku tulo kuti tipeze kulemera.
Chotsatira chake, anthu ambiri amathira mankhwala osokoneza bongo kuti athandizidwe.
Mankhwalawa amabwera m'njira zosiyanasiyana ndi njira zosiyana siyana, kuphatikizapo:
- Matenda a antihistamines omwe amalepheretsa zotsatira za histamines , mankhwala omwe amamasulidwa ndi thupi chifukwa cha zinthu zowononga zowononga.
- Masewera a nasal steroids omwe amachepetsa kutupa chifukwa cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso osagwirizana ndi rhinitis (vasomotor rhinitis)
- Mankhwala otchedwa anticholinergics omwe amagwira ntchito powumitsa ndime zamphongo
- Zomwe zimateteza mitsempha yoteteza mthupi (yotchedwa mast maselo ) kuchotsa histamines m'magazi
Mwa awa, kalasi yatsopano ya antihistamine imapereka njira yapadera yochitiramo Zomwe zimaphatikizapo kupopera kwapakhosi Astelin (azelastine), Patanase (olopatadine).
Zizindikiro ndi Kugwiritsa Ntchito
Patanase anavomerezedwa kuti athandizidwe ndi matenda a rhinitis m'chaka cha 2008, pamene Astelin analandira chivomerezo chake cha FDA mu 2001 chifukwa cha zovuta komanso zosavomerezeka. Zonsezi zimapezeka ndi mankhwala ndipo zimavomerezedwa kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito kwa akuluakulu ndi ana oposa asanu.
Zopopera siziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito potsutsana ndi mankhwala ena aliwonse omwe ali ndi antihistamine, kuphatikizapo kuzizira kozizira komanso mankhwala opatsirana.
Momwe Amagwirira Ntchito
Pamene maselo a chitetezo (monga maselo akuluakulu kapena maselo amkati) amatha kuyanjana ndi allergen, amamasula ma histamines m'magazi.
Ma histamines ameneĊµa amamanga mapuloteni m'thupi lonse lotchedwa H1 receptors ndipo, motero, zimayambitsa zizindikiro zambiri zomwe timazizindikira ngati zovuta. Patanase ndi Astelin amadziwika kuti ndi antchito a H1 ndipo amaletsa chigwirizano ichi. Mosiyana ndi zaka zakubadwa za antihistamines monga Benadryl (diphenhydramine) ,
Patanase ndi Astelin salowerera malire a ubongo. Chifukwa chaichi, iwo alibe mankhwala ofanana ndi ena omwe amayamba kumwa mankhwala. Komanso, monga mankhwala amphongo, Patanase ndi Astelin amakhudza kwambiri mavesi amodzi m'malo mogawira thupi lonse.
Phindu
Mankhwala otsutsa antihistamine amapereka ubwino wambiri pazinthu zina :.
- Antihistamines yamtunduwu imayamba kugwira ntchito mkati mwa mphindi 15, pamene mankhwalawa amatha kutenga maola kapena masiku kuti ayambe kugwira ntchito.
- Antihistamine yamtunduwu imakhala ndi zotsatira zochepa kusiyana ndi minofu ya nasal , yomwe ilibe chiopsezo chowonjezereka cha glaucoma kapena khansa.
- Astelin imapereka chigwirizano chotsatira, kutseka chiphindikiro cha H1 pamene ikuletsa maselo amtundu kuti asatulutse histamines.
- Astelin imapereka zotsatira zotsutsa-zotupa zomwe zingathetseretu kupuma.
Monga nasal steroids, mankhwala a nasal antiamistamines amawonekeranso othandiza kuthetsa kupweteka kwa maso .
Choncho, ngakhale mankhwala a antihistamines amatha kukhala osapindulitsa monga steroids pochiza zizindikiro zosatha, kafukufuku akusonyeza kuti kuphatikiza kwa awiriwo kungakhale kovuta kuposa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala.
Kuipa
Chifukwa cha phindu lawo laling'ono, pali zotsatira zina zogwirizana ndi Patanase ndi Astelin:
- Astelin ndi Patanase kungayambitse kupsa mtima kwa msana, kupweteka, komanso ngakhale nosebleeds. Izi nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mopitirira muyeso wa mankhwala opopera koma nthawi zina zimachitika mu mlingo woyenera.
- Astelin ndi Patanase akhoza kusiya kulawa kowawa pakamwa. Izi nthawi zina zingapewe kupukuta mwapang'onopang'ono kudzera mu mphuno m'malo mwa kupuma mozama.
- Astelin wakhala akudziwika kuti amachititsa kuti ena azitha kugona kapena kugona.
Ngakhale mankhwala amphwanya antihistamines amatha kupulumutsa nthawi yomweyo zizindikiro zowononga zizindikiro, sizili zogwira ntchito monga nasal steroid chifukwa cha zizindikiro zosalekeza kapena zosalekeza. Amakhalanso ochepa pochiza osagwirizana ndi rhinitis.
> Zotsatira:
> Berger, W. ndi E. Meltzer. "Mankhwala Osakaniza a Intranasal Okonza Matenda Opatsirana ndi Rhinitis." Buku Lopatulika la Rhinology ndi Zozizira . 2015. 29 (4): 273-82.