Inde, Ngati Mukugwira Ntchito kwa Wophunzira Wamng'ono; Mwinamwake M'tsogolo Mwinamwake
Bungwe Lopereka Chithandizo Chofunika Kwambiri likufuna abwana kuti apereke inshuwalansi zaumoyo-kwa antchito omwe amagwira ntchito maola 30 pa sabata - ngati ali ndi antchito 50 kapena kuposa . Koma antchito 96 peresenti ku US ali ndi antchito oposa 50, ndipo safunikira kupereka zopindulitsa kwa ogwira ntchito awo.
Ambiri a iwo amachita, ndithudi. Malingana ndi kafukufuku opangidwa ndi Transamerica Center for Health Studies mu August 2015, zopindulitsa za inshuwalansi za umoyo zimaperekedwa ndi 61 peresenti ya malonda omwe ali ndi antchito oposa 50 (ngakhale kuti mwina angakhale otsika kwambiri, bungwe la National Federation of Independent Business analysis linasonyeza kuti kokha 29 peresenti ya malonda omwe ali ndi antchito osakwana 50 anali kupereka chithandizo mu 2015).
Ndondomeko za inshuwalansi zazing'ono zilipo m'mayiko onse, ndipo ogwira ntchito ogwira ntchito osachepera 25 akhoza kulandira ngongole yaing'ono ya zamalonda, malinga ndi ndalama zomwe antchito awo amapeza komanso ndalama zomwe amapatsidwa ndi abwana.
Koma nanga bwanji anthu omwe amagwira ntchito pazinthu zonse zazing'ono zomwe sizipereka inshuwaransi? Ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito malonda a inshuwalansi yaumwini, komwe angagule malingaliro kudzera mu inshuwalansi ya umoyo , kapena kunja kwa kusinthanitsa (zopereka zothandizira sizipezeka kunja kwa kusinthanitsa).
Kubwezeredwa kwa Wogwira Ntchito Kumaloledwa Mpaka 2017
Malinga ndi ndondomeko zomwe zimagulidwa pamsika (payekha kapena kusinthanitsa), wolembera-osati wothandizira-ali ndi udindo wolipilira malipiro, ngakhale kuti ndalama zothandizira (zomwe ziridi zokhoma msonkho ) zilipo pamsinkhu wa anthu omwe ali oyenera pazopeza.
Koma malamulo oyambirira a kukhazikitsa malamulo a ACA amaletsa olemba ntchito kubwezeretsa ogwira ntchito pa inshuwalansi ya thanzi.
Izi zinasintha kuyambira mu 2017, pansi pa 21st Century Cure Act (tsatanetsatane wa m'munsimu), koma tiyeni tiwone momwe malamulowa adamasuliridwa mchaka cha 2017:
ACA yemweyo inasiya nkhaniyi kuti itanthauzire, koma IRS inakambirana nkhaniyi molunjika, ndipo chilango cha kusamvera chinali chachikulu: msonkho wamtengo wapatali wa $ 100 pa tsiku, wogwira ntchito aliyense.
Izi zingakhale zoposa $ 36,500 pachaka muzolipira kwa wogwira ntchito aliyense amene abwana amalipiritsa ndalama za inshuwalansi zaumwini payekha. Malamulo adakonzedwa kuti adzachitike mu Januwale 2014, koma pulogalamu yothandizira ntchitoyi inakhazikitsidwa yomwe inachedwetsa chilango mpaka July 2015.
Kwenikweni, momwe IRS inatanthauzira lamulo la ACA, kubwezera ogwira ntchito pamtengo wapadera wa malonda ankaonedwa kuti ndi "ndondomeko ya kubwezera abwana." Zolinga zoterezi zimagwirizana ndi kusintha kwa magulu a inshuwalansi za malonda, kuphatikizapo kuletsa moyo wawo wonse ndi malire a pachaka , komanso kuti chisamaliro china chisawonongeke kwaulere .
Ndipo, IRS imamveketsa bwino kuti ndondomeko ya malipiro a abwana sungathe kuphatikizidwa ndi malonda amodzi a malonda a inshuwalansi zaumoyo kuti akwaniritse zofunikira za kukonzanso msika. Izi zinali zoona mosasamala kanthu kuti kusintha kwa mgwirizano wa ACA kumagwiritsira ntchito ndondomeko za malonda, ndipo mapulani onse atsopano ogulitsira malonda amagulitsidwa popanda moyo wapadera kapena malire apachaka, komanso ndi zopindulitsa zofanana zothandizira pulogalamu ya thanzi laling'ono.
Panalibe kanthu koletsa abwana kuti asapatse antchito awo bonasi yowonjezera kapena yokhomera msonkho mmalo mwa kupereka inshuwalansi ya umoyo.
Koma mapindu opindulitsa msonkho wa ndalama za inshuwalansi za umoyo ndi magulu a kubwezeretsa thanzi sizinalipo kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito kuti abwezeretse ogwira ntchito payekha ya inshuwalansi ya umoyo.
Kuyesa Kuyamba Kubwezeretsa Mphoto Sikunadutse: HR 5447, Act Small Relief Care Relief Act
HR 5447, lamulo la bipartisan lotchedwa Small Business Health Care Relief Act la 2016, likanakhala lovomerezeka kwa olemba ntchito kubwezera ndalama zokwana madola 5,130 chaka chilichonse pamsika wa inshuwalansi za inshuwalansi kwa wogwira ntchito, ndipo mpaka $ 10,260 ngati lamulolo likugwira ntchito Banja (ndalama izi zikhoza kuwerengedwa kwa inflation).
HR 5447 inadutsa Nyumba ya Oyimilira mu June 2016, ndipo idathandizidwa ndi US Chamber of Commerce ndi mabungwe ambiri amalimbikitsa malonda. Koma izo zinayimitsidwa mu Senate.
Ofesi ya Budget ya Congressional inatsimikiza kuti HR 5447 "sichidzakhudza ndalama zapakati pazaka za 2016-2026." Ndalama zobwezeredwa kwa antchito pa inshuwalansi ya inshuwalansi zingakhale zokhoma msonkho, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ndalama za msonkho zotsalira za boma zikhale zochepa. Koma boma la federal siliyenera kupereka ndalama zothandizira anthu kuti azitha kusinthanitsa anthu olemba ntchito omwe olemba ntchito awo asankha kubweza ndalama zawo.
Mchitidwe wa Machiritso a Zaka mazana asanu ndi awiri (21st Century Cures Act) Ufika mu 2016, Uloleza Kubwezeretsa Kuyambira mu 2017
Mu December 2016, HR34, 21st Century Cure Act, idasindikizidwa ndi Pulezidenti Obama. Lamuloli ndi lofikira kwambiri, koma chimodzi mwa zosintha zomwe adachita chinali kulola makampani ogwira ntchito osachepera 50 kukhazikitsa Zokonzedweratu Zowonjezera Zomwe Amagwira Ntchito Zothandizira Alimi Ambiri (QSEHRA).
Ngati bizinesi yaying'ono siimapereka gulu la inshuwalansi ya umoyo, QSEHRA idzalola kuti bizinesi libwezere antchito, opanda msonkho, kapena zina zonse zogula inshuwalansi ya umsika pamsika, kapena kusinthanitsa (ngati ndondomekoyi wogula payekha, wogwira ntchitoyo angakhalebe woyenera kupereka ndalama zogulira, koma mtengo wa QSEHRA umaganiziridwa pokhazikitsa kugula kwa ndalama, ndipo ndalama za ACA zimachepetsedwa ndi ndalama zomwe wogwira ntchitoyo amalandira kuchokera kwa abwana kupyolera mu QSEHRA).
Pogwiritsira ntchito QSEHRA, ndalama zochuluka zomwe abwana angathe kubwezera ndi $ 4,950 chifukwa cha ntchito imodzi yokha, komanso $ 10,000 chifukwa cha kulumikizidwa kwa banja (ndicho 2017; Kubwezera kwapamwamba komweku kumapangidwanso ndi mwezi, kotero wogwira ntchito yolembedwa pakati pa chaka akhoza kulandira ndalama zokwanira zowonjezera chaka chonse.
Ndani Amathandizidwa ndi Malamulo atsopano Obwezera?
Kwa ogwira ntchito ogulitsa malonda ang'onoang'ono omwe sapereka inshuwalansi yaumphawi, kupezeka kwa ndalama zothandizira ndalama zomwe zimapereka ndalama zogulira ndalama zimadalira ndalama, komanso kukula kwa banja komanso mtengo wogwiritsira ntchito m'deralo. Kawirikawiri, ndalama zothandizira zimapezeka nthawi zambiri ngati phindu la pakhomo la wopemphayo siliposa 400 peresenti ya umphaŵi.
Ngati pakalipano mukulandira ndalama zowonjezera (msonkho wokhoma msonkho wapadera) ndipo bwana wanu akuyamba kubweza ndalama zowonjezera pansi pa QSEHRA, ndalama zothandizira ndalama zidzachepetsedwa ndi kuchuluka kwa kubweza ndalama.
Koma ngati simukuyenera kulandira ndalama zowonjezera (kapena ngati mulipo, koma mwasankha kugula chithandizo chanu kunja kwa kusinthanitsa, kumene thandizo silikupezeka), QSEHRA ikhoza kukuthandizani mwachindunji ngati abwana anu asankha kutero gwiritsani ntchito njirayi.
Olemba ntchito zazing'ono samafunika kubwezera malipiro, monga momwe sakufunira kupereka inshuwalansi ya umoyo ku ACA. Koma QSEHRA imalola kuti iwo athe kusintha kuti abwezeretse ogwira ntchito ntchito za inshuwalansi zaumoyo monga gawo la phindu lawo la ogwira ntchito.
Ndalama zomwe zikubwezedwa kuti zibwezeretsedwe zili m'msika womwewo, womwe uli ndi malipiro ochepa kwambiri kuposa msika wa magulu ang'onoang'ono m'zaka zingapo zapitazo. Otsutsa ena a QSEHRA amadziwa kuti angalimbikitse anthu ambiri kuti alowe kuunikira payekha / banja, kubweretsa kukhazikika kwa msika.
Kodi Akuluakulu Ambiri Angathe Kubwezeretsanso Zogulitsa Zogulitsa Zokha?
Malamulo amasiku ano samalola abambo akulu kubwezera ndalama zomwe amalonda amagula. Olemba ntchito omwe ali ndi antchito a nthawi zonse azaka 50 kapena ochuluka akuyenera kupereka inshuwalansi ya umoyo wa gulu (kugula kwa kampani ya inshuwalansi kapena yothandizira) kuti mutetewe chilango cha abambo a ACA, ndipo akukumana ndi zilango zazikulu, monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, ngati kubwezeretsanso antchito pamtengo wapadera wamsika.
Koma mu October 2017, Purezidenti Trump anasaina lamulo lotsogolera lomwe lingadzathetse malamulo omasuka pa nkhaniyi. Lamulo loyang'anira silingasinthe malamulo aliwonse, chifukwa limangowonongeka ndi maboma osiyanasiyana kuti "aganizire zopangira malamulo" zomwe zingakwaniritse zolinga zosiyanasiyana.
Chimodzi mwa zolingazo ndikulandizitsa kugwiritsa ntchito njira zothandizira kubwezera ndalama (HRAs) ndikupereka njira zambiri zogwiritsira ntchito, kuphatikizapo "kulola [HRA] kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito mogwirizana ndi chithandizo."
Kotero, Dipatimenti ya Labor, Treasury, ndi Health & Human Services ikhoza kulemba malamulo atsopano kuti alole kugwiritsa ntchito ma HRA ndi ogwira ntchito akuluakulu (mwina onse ogwira ntchito, kapena mwina mpaka pa chiwerengero cha antchito). Malamulo omwe akufunidwa amayenera kupyolera muchitidwe wopanga malamulo omwe akuphatikizapo chidziwitso cha anthu ndi ndemanga. Koma ngati atsirizidwa, angasinthe malamulo okhudza kugwiritsa ntchito ma HRA kuti azibwezeretsanso malipiro awo pamsika.
Zonsezi zidakali mmwamba, popeza sitidziwa zomwe zidzakambidwe. Chofunikira kwambiri ndi funso ngati abwana angakwaniritse zofunikira za udindo wa abwana pobwezera zonse kapena gawo limodzi la ntchito ya malonda a wogulitsa, komanso ngati malipiro oyenera kubwezeredwa ayenera kukwaniritsa zochepa zomwe akuyenera kupereka.
Koma ngakhale kuti tsatanetsataneyo sichidziwika bwino, zikuwoneka kuti malamulo okhudza olemba ntchito akubwezera ndalama za inshuwalansi za malonda amtundu uliwonse amatha kumasuka pansi pa Ulamuliro wa Trump.
Zotsatira:
Congress.gov, HR34 - 21st Century Cure Act. Inakhazikitsidwa 12/13/2016
Bungwe la Congressional Budget Office, HR5447 Act of Relief Care Act ya 2016.
Dipatimenti Yoyang'anira Zipatala za M'nthaka, Mapulani Omwe Amagwira Ntchito Zaumoyo.
Dipatimenti Yoyang'anira Zobwereketsa Zobwereketsa, Mapulogalamu Azinthu Zamalonda Amtundu wa Ngongole komanso Za SHOP Marketplace.
Transamerica Center for Health Studies, Survey: Makampani Akuyenda Pathandizira Zaumoyo , December 2015.
White House, Ofesi ya Mlembi Wotsindikiza. Lamulo Lolamulira la Purezidenti Kupititsa patsogolo Chithandizo Chamankhwala Kusankha ndi Mpikisano Ku United States. October 12, 2017.