Kuchita opaleshoni yowonongeka ndi njira yodziwika yomwe imachitika pa odwala oposa 500,000 pachaka ku United States. Ngakhale kuti odwala ambiri sakhala ndi vuto pambuyo pa opaleshoni, pali ngozi za mawondo omwe amachititsa chidwi ndi aliyense amene akuganiza kuti achite izi. Chimodzi mwa mavuto okhudza kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mawondo ndi matenda.
Kugonjera pambuyo pochita opaleshoni ya mawondo sikokwanira. M'zaka ziwiri zoyambirira kuchokera opaleshoni, mwayi wokhala ndi matenda amawerengeka ndi 1.5%. Pambuyo pa zaka ziwiri, mwayi wodwala umatha kufika pafupifupi 0,5%. Ngakhale kuti chiwerengerochi ndi chaching'ono kwambiri, si zero, ndipo anthu okhala ndi mawondo amafunika kudziwa chilichonse chimene angachite kuti athetse vutoli.
N'chifukwa Chiyani Matenda Opatsirana Otuluka Amapezeka?
Kugwiritsa ntchito malo opatsirana kumatha kukhala ndi kachilomboka chifukwa cha njira yoyamba yopaleshoni, matenda ena m'thupi, kapena nthawi zambiri chifukwa chosadziwika. Tikudziwa kuti odwala ena amatha kukhala ndi kachilombo ka HIV. Ngozi zowonjezera matenda ndizo:
- Matenda a shuga
- Kusadya zakudya m'thupi
- Kusuta
- Kunenepa kwambiri
- Ntchito ya Steroid
- Kumwa mowa
- Chifuwa chachikulu cha nyamakazi
Kuteteza Matenda Achimuna Omwe Amasintha
Chofunika kwambiri pa mawondo a mawondo ndi kuteteza matenda kuti asachitike konse.
Zina mwa zoopsa zowonjezera matenda zingathe kuyendetsedwa m'njira yothandizira kuchepetsa zotsatira za izi. Mwachitsanzo, kuyesetsa kukonza zakudya, kuchepetsa kugwiritsira ntchito fodya, ndi kusiya mankhwala omwe angapangitse odwala kukhala ndi kachilombo ka HIV angathe kuchita zonse asanayambe kuchitidwa opaleshoni.
Mu chipinda chogwiritsira ntchito, amayesetseratu kuchepetsa khungu ndi malo opaleshoni ndikuchepetsa anthu akubwera ndi kunja kwa chipinda. Mankhwala osokoneza bongo ayenera kuperekedwa mkati mwa ola limodzi kuyambira pachiyambi cha opaleshoni kuti athetse chiopsezo chotsika kwambiri cha matenda.
Kuchiza kwa Matenda Opatsirana Amtundu
Matenda opatsirana amtunduwu amagawidwa m'magulu a matenda oyambirira. Matenda oyambirira amapezeka mkati mwa masabata kapena miyezi ya opaleshoni ndipo nthawi zambiri amachizidwa ndi opaleshoni kuyeretsa matendawa, motsogoleredwa ndi mankhwala oletsa maantibayotiki omwe amayang'aniridwa ndi mabakiteriya omwe amawopsa . Njira zambiri zopaleshoni zingakhale zofunikira, ndipo ma antibiotic nthawi zambiri amapitirira kwa masabata osachepera asanu ndi limodzi.
Matenda otha msinkhu ndi ovuta kwambiri kuchiza ndipo akhala akupezeka kwa milungu, miyezi, kapena zaka zisanafike. Mabwinja omwe amawongolera mawondo angasokonezeke ngati matendawa akhalapo kwa nthawi yaitali . Zikatero, ma implants amafunika kuchotsedwa ndipo matendawa amachiritsidwa. Nthawi zambiri, mawondo omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV amachotsedwa, kachilombo kamatengedwa kwa masabata osachepera asanu ndi ma antibayotiki, ndipo kamodzi kachilombo kawo katachiritsidwa, mawonekedwe atsopano a mawondo amachitika.
Ichi ndi chomwe chimatchedwa kubwezeretsedwa mmbuyo kwa bondo chifukwa ma opaleshoni awiri amachitidwa, kuchotsa mawondo omwe ali ndi kachilombo, ndi wina kuika mmalo atsopano. Nthaŵi zina, kukonzanso gawo limodzi, pamene mawondo omwe ali ndi kachilomboka amachotsedwa ndipo yatsopano imayikidwa pamene opaleshoni yomweyo ingathe kuchitidwa. Komabe, chenjezo liyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito, ngati kuti matendawa sakuwongolera mokwanira, ndiye kuti opaleshoni yowonjezera idzakhala yofunikira.
Kupambana kwa Chithandizo
Kupambana kwa mankhwala opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito maondo kumadalira pa zinthu zingapo. Matenda omwe amapezeka msanga amayamba bwino kuposa matenda ochedwa.
Matenda a mabakiteriya omwe amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ma antibayotiki ambiri amachiritsidwa mosavuta kusiyana ndi matenda osagonjetsedwa. Zonsezi, kupambana kwa mankhwala kumakhala 70 mpaka 90%. Odwala ena angafunike opaleshoni yambiri, ndipo nthaŵi zambiri, odwala ena amapitirizabe mpaka kalekale pa mankhwala omwe amadziwika kuti mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Pazifukwazi, zimakhala ngati matenda sangathe kuchiritsidwa kapena chithandizochi chikanakhala chovuta kwambiri kwa wodwala, ndipo cholinga chake chimawongolera matenda popanda kuchiritsa.
Kamodzi kachilombo katachiritsidwa, ndipo odwala amakhala ndi mawondo ogwira ntchito, amatha kuyambiranso ntchito zawo zonse. Ngakhale kuti chithandizo cha mawondo obwera m'malo ndi mawotchi ndi odwala opaleshoni amavomereza amavomerezana kuti ndi zoyenera, chithandizo chamwano odwala ambiri angayambirenso moyo wawo wathanzi. Mwamwayi, ngakhale pansi pazifukwa zabwino, matenda nthawi zonse amachititsa kuwonongeka kwa ntchito ya bondo m'malo mwake, ngakhale ngati matendawa atha kuchotsedwa pamalo olowa m'malo.
Zotsatira:
Garvin KL ndi Konigsberg BS. "Kutsatira Kachilombo Kanyama Arthroplasty: Kupewa ndi Kuteteza" J Bone Opaleshoni Am. 2011; 93 (12): 1167-1175