Kusintha kwayambidwe kungakhale konstiti
Ngati mumagula inshuwalansi ya umoyo wanu (mosiyana ndi kubwereka kwa abwana), mwinamwake mumadziŵa tsopano kuti pali ndalama zothandizira ndalama zomwe zimapezeka kudzera muzitsulo ngati ndalama zanu zili m'gulu loyenera.
Kupitirira apo, komabe, pakadalibe chisokonezo chochuluka cha momwe ndalamazo zikugwirira ntchito. Funso limodzi limene limabwera nthawi zambiri limakhudza momwe ndalama zimayendera pamene mamembala awonjezeredwa ku dongosolo kapena kuchotsedwa pa ndondomekoyo.
Kusintha kwa thandizo la ACA Kungakhale Kosokoneza
Muzochitika zina, kugwirizana pakati pa ndalama, kukula kwa banja, ndi kusinthana nawo kumapangitsa zotsatira zomwe zingakhale zotsutsana-zowonjezera-zinthu monga kuchepa kwa ndalama zothandizira pambuyo pothandizira pamene muwonjezera mwana watsopano ku ndondomeko, kapena kusinthika pambuyo pothandizira malipiro pamene wina m'banja amasintha kupita kuzinthu zina, monga Medicare.
Pali mfundo zochepa zomwe muyenera kukumbukira pano:
- Zothandizirazo zimapangidwira kuchepetsa malipiro omwe mumalipira pakhomo lanu potsatsa. Koma malipiro omwe mumalipirako kuwonjezera pa kusinthanitsa (mwachitsanzo, kuchokera kwa abwana, kapena kuchokera ku Medicare) sakugwiritsidwa ntchito ku malire.
- Ndalama zonse za banja lanu zimaganiziridwa, mosasamala kuti ndi angati omwe abambo akulembera ndondomeko ya kusinthanitsa.
- Chiwerengero cha anthu a m'banja mwanu chimawerengedwa kuti mukupeza kuti ndalama zanu zikugwirizana bwanji ndi umphaŵi, mosasamala kuti ndi angati omwe abambo akulembera ndondomeko ya kusinthanitsa.
- Kwa mbali zambiri, zomwe mumapeza zimatsimikiziridwa pa kubwerera kwa msonkho. Koma pali njira yowathandiza achinyamata kuti akhalebe inshuwalansi ya thanzi lawo mpaka atakwanitse zaka 26, mosasamala kanthu kuti makolo amawadandaulira kuti ndi odwala. Ngati wachikulire akuphatikizidwa pa ndondomeko ya inshuwalansi ya makolo ake kudzera mu kusinthanitsa, ndalama zachinyamata zikhoza kuwonjezeredwa ku ndalama za makolo kuti zitheke kulandira ndalama, ngakhale atapereka malipiro awo a msonkho.
Kaiser Family Foundation ili ndi chiwerengero cha ndalama zomwe zimakupatsani mwayi wosankha boma, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito pafupifupi US. Kwa zitsanzo izi, tigwiritsa ntchito ma US, koma mukhoza kusewera mozungulira ndi chowerengera ndikupeza nambala yeniyeni yeniyeni.
Nazi zochitika zina zomwe zingakuthandizeni kumvetsetsa momwe thandizoli likuwerengedwera ndi momwe limakhudzira banja lanu. Nthawi zonse, zitsanzozo zimagwiritsa ntchito Kaiser Family Foundation calculator, ndipo mitengo imayambira pa ndalama za US, ndikuganiza kuti olembetsa amasankha ndondomeko ya siliva ya mtengo wotsika kwambiri (mwachitsanzo, ndondomeko ya chizindikiro).
Wokwatirana Kusuntha Onto Medicare
Bob ndi Sally Smith ali 60 ndi 64, motero. Onsewa ali ndi gawo lokhalitsa pogwiritsa ntchito ndondomeko yachindunji m'dera lawo, ndipo ndalama zawo zapakhomo ndi $ 50,000. Pogwiritsa ntchito ndalama zowonjezera ku US, ndalama zawo mu 2018 ndi $ 1,748 pamwezi, ndipo ndalama zawo zothandizira phindu lachiwiri (mwachitsanzo, ndondomeko ya ndalama) ndi $ 398 pa mwezi (9.56 peresenti ya pakhomo lawo, kuyambira $ 50,000 ndi pakati pa 300 ndi 400 peresenti ya umphaŵi wa banja la awiri).
[Zindikirani kuti kuchuluka kwa ndalama zomwe olembetsa omwe ali oyenerera akuyenera kulipiritsa chifukwa cha ndondomeko ya zochepetsera zidafika mu 2018 kuposa momwe zinalili mu 2017, yomwe ndi nthawi yoyamba yomwe chiwerengero cha anthu chaka chimodzi chimatha.
Anthu omwe amapeza ndalama zomwezo mu 2018 zomwe adazipeza mu 2017 zinatha kuchepetsa kuchepa kwa ndalama zothandizira pulogalamuyi mu 2018.]
Tsopano tiyeni tinene Sally akutembenukira 65 ndikupita ku Medicare . Adzayenera kukhala ndi Medicare Part A , koma adzapatsidwa mwezi wa Medicare Part B , ndipo ngati atenga ndalama zowonjezereka, adzapatsanso dongosolo la Medigap komanso mankhwala a D Part D Kuphunzira .
Koma ngakhale kuti adzalandira malipiro a mbali zina za chithandizo chake cha Medicare, ndalamazo sizidzawerengedwa kwa 9.56 peresenti ya ndalama zapakhomo zomwe a Smiths akuyenera kulipira chifukwa cha ndondomekoyi.
Kotero pamene muthamanga nambalayi, ndi banja la awiri koma Bob (mmodzi) mmodzi yemwe akulembetsa kufotokozera mwachindunji, mumabweranso ndi ndalama zokwana madola 398 pamwezi pa ndondomeko ya siliva yochepa kwambiri. . Ndalama zonse zothandizira zidzangokhala madola 621 pa mwezi, komabe, mmalo mwa ndalama zokwana madola 1,748 patsiku lomwe Ams Smith analikupeza pamene Bob ndi Sally anali pa dongosolo losinthanitsa pamodzi.
Izi zili choncho chifukwa adakali ndi banja la anthu awiri, komanso ndalama za $ 50,000. Izi zimawaika pa 308 peresenti ya umphaŵi (njira zowonjezera za umphawi 2017 zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti athe kupeza ndalama zothandizira zokonza mapulani ndi masiku 2018 ogwira ntchito, izi ndizochitika nthawi zonse, ndipo chiwerengero cha chaka choyambirira chikugwiritsidwa ntchito mpaka olembetsa oyamba akuyamba kugwa).
Pomwe ndalama zapakhomo zimakhala 308 peresenti ya umphawi, ndalama zapakhomo zapakhomo ndi ndalama zokwana 9.56 peresenti ya ndalama za pakhomo (peresentiyi ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa aliyense amene ali ndi ndalama zapakati pa 300 ndi 400 peresenti ya ndalama umphawi; chiwerengero cha anthu omwe ali ndi ndalama zochepa pamsika osachepera 300 peresenti ya umphaŵi). Zilibe kanthu kuti mamembala angati alembedwe mu ndondomeko ya kusinthanitsa, kapena kuchuluka kwa ndalama zomwe apanyumba zimapereka pazinthu zina kunja kwa kusinthanitsa.
Kuwonjezera Wokondedwa Wanu ku Mapulani Anu
Amy ndi Bill ali 51 ndi 53. Amakhala okwatirana zaka zingapo, ndipo Amy wakhala ndi inshuwalansi ya umoyo kwa abwana ake. Bwana wake samapereka chithandizo kwa anthu okwatirana, choncho Bill wakhala akudziwombera posinthanitsa kuyambira 2014 (onetsetsani kuti ngati abwana a Amy akupereka chithandizo kwa okwatirana, Bill sakanakhoza kulandira chithandizo pazomwe angapatsane malingana ndi inshuwalansi ya Amy Zinali zotsika mtengo zokha zokhazokha-izi zimadziwika kuti glitch ya banja , koma sizikugwiranso ntchito pakadali pano popeza Bill sanali woyenera kulumikiza dongosolo la Amy).
Phindu la Amy ndi Bill ndi pakhomo la $ 48,000 pachaka. Malingana ndi chiwerengero cha US, Bill akulipiritsa $ 377 pa mwezi 2018 kuti apange ndondomeko yachindunji pakugulitsa, ndipo ndalama zokwana madola 389 pamwezi zimakhudzidwa ndi chithandizo chake.
Tsopano tiyeni tinene kuti abwana a Amy akusiya kupereka inshuwalansi ya thanzi. Kutaya kufotokozera ndizofunikira, zomwe zikutanthawuza kuti Amy akhoza kulembetsa ndondomeko pamsika. Ngati adagwirizanitsa Bill pa ndondomeko yake, ndalama zothandizira pulogalamuyi zidzakhala madola 377 pamwezi, koma chithandizo chidzadutsa $ 1,089 pamwezi. Amy ndi Bill akadali banja la awiri, ndipo phindu lawo lidali lofanana ndi 296 peresenti ya umphawi umene unalipo kale. Kotero iwo akuyenera kulipira malipiro omwewo a pulogalamu yachindunji pa kusinthana-imangotenga awiri a iwo tsopano, mmalo mwa imodzi.
Chochitika ichi chikanakhala chosiyana, komabe ngati Amy ndi Bill anali atangokwatirana kumene. Kukwatirana ndiyenso kuyenerera, ndipo poganiza kuti Amy analibe chinsinsi kuchokera kwa abwana ake, iye akanakhoza kulandira thandizo la ndalama. Koma asanayambe kukwatirana, Bill akanakhala banja limodzi, ndi ndalama zake zokha zomwe anazipeza kuti ndizoyenera kutero. Pamene okwatirana akwatirana, malipiro awo amawerengedwa palimodzi, ndipo iwo ndi banja la awiri (kuganiza kuti alibe anthu ena omwe akudalira) poyerekezera ndalamazo ndi umphawi.
Tiyerekeze kuti ndalama za Bill ndi $ 20,000 ndipo Amy ndi $ 28,000, ndipo palibe ngakhale aliyense amene angathe kupeza dongosolo la abwana. Asanalowe m'banja, Bill amalipira $ 79 pamwezi pa ndondomeko yofanana mu 2018, ndipo ndalama zothandizidwa ndi $ 687 pamwezi zimalipira malipiro ake onse. Amy amalipira $ 174 pamwezi, ndipo ndalama zake ndi $ 526 pamwezi.
Atakwatirana, ndalama zawo zapakhomo ndi $ 48,000. Ndalama zawo zonse zothandizira phindu lachiwiri ndizo $ 377 pamwezi, ndipo ndalama zawo zonse ndi $ 1,089 pamwezi.
Chifukwa chomwe akulipira ndalama zowonjezera pambuyo poti akwatirana ndikuti ndalama zawo zonse zapakhomo ndizochepa kwambiri za umphaŵi kwa banja la awiri kusiyana ndi aliyense wa iwo omwe anali ndi banja limodzi. Pofuna kulandira chithandizo, anthu okwatirana ayenera kutumiza msonkho wokhometsa msonkho - iwo alibe mwayi wosankha mosiyana ndikupempha ndalama zoposa zonse zomwe anali nazo asanakwatirane.
Kuwonjezera Mwana
Mu 2013, boma linatsiriza malamulo kukhazikitsira mitengo mu msika wa inshuwalansi watsopano wa ACA. Lamulo lomaliza limanena kuti banja limodzi, osaposa ana atatu osapitirira zaka 21, adzawerengedwa pofuna cholinga cha banja.
Ana a zaka zapakati pa 21 mpaka 25 onse amawerengedwa, mosasamala kuti alipo angati, kapena angati ana ena osakwana 21 ali m'nyumba.
Tom ndi Renee ali 40 ndi 39, ndipo ali ndi ana atatu, zaka ziwiri, zinayi, ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri. Amapeza madola 80,000 pachaka, ndipo banja lawo linalembetsa ndondomeko yachindunji pogwiritsa ntchito kusinthanitsa. Malinga ndi mitengo ya US yochepa, akulipira madola 595 pamwezi kuti apeze chithandizo, atapereka ndalama zokwana madola 1,221 pamwezi akunyamula zotsalira.
Ngati Tom ndi Renee ali ndi mwana wachinayi, adakalipira madola 595 pamwezi, ndipo ndalama zawo zidzakhalabe $ 1,221 pamwezi. Iwo akhoza kuwonjezera mwana watsopanoyo pa ndondomeko yawo (ndicho choyenerera ), koma ndalama zawo zisanayambe kusinthana sizidzasintha, chotero ndalama zawo zothandizira sizidzasintha kapena ndalama zawo zothandizira.
Yerekezerani izi ndi zochitika zina zomwe Tom ndi Renee ali nazo ana awiri, ndiyeno yonjezerani mwana wachitatu m'banja lawo. Poyambirira, iwo ndi banja la anayi, ndipo ndalama zawo zothandizidwa pambuyo pake ndi $ 637 pamwezi, ndi ndalama zokwana madola 891 pamwezi akutola zina zonse (zindikirani kuti malipiro a ana omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito amasiyanasiyana pokhapokha pa msinkhu wa mwanayo atakwanitsa zaka 21, koma pofika mu 2018, mapwando a ana amayamba kuwonjezereka kamodzi akafika zaka 15. Kwa Tom ndi Renee, izi siziri choncho, popeza ana awo ali aang'ono kuposa 15).
Mwana wachitatu akabadwira, iwo ndi banja la asanu, ndipo ndalama zawo zothandizidwa pambuyo pake ndi $ 595 pamwezi, mutatha thandizo la $ 1,221 pamwezi. Phindu lawo latha pokhapokha atapereka mwana wamwamuna wachitatu, chifukwa ndalama zawo ndizochepa peresenti ya umphaŵi, chifukwa iwo akhala banja la asanu m'malo mwa anayi (apa pali tchati chomwe chikusonyeza kukula kwa banja chiwerengero cha umphawi pazigawo zosiyanasiyana)
Koma tiyeni tiyerekeze kuti Tom ndi Renee ali ndi ndalama zokwanira madola 140,000 pachaka-pamwamba pa chiyero choyenerera ndalama, ngakhale ndi mamembala asanu. Zikatero, iwo adzalandira malipiro athunthu. Ngati achoka ana atatu kapena anayi, sangapereke malipiro ena. Koma ngati amapita kuchokera kwa ana awiri mpaka atatu, ndondomeko yawo ya pakhomopo yawo idzachoka pa $ 1,529 pamwezi kufika $ 1,816 pa mwezi. Ndi ndalama zothandizira ndalama, ndalama zothandizira zimatenga ndalama zowonjezera kuti awonjezere mwana wachitatu. Koma ali ndi ndalama zoposa ndalama zothandizira, ayenera kulipiritsa ndalama zowonjezera okha.
Funani Thandizo Ngati Muli ndi Mafunso
Ngati muli ndi mafunso okhudza momwe malipiro anu adzasinthira malingana ndi kusintha kwa moyo, mungagwiritse ntchito makina operekera ndalama, kapena mutengereni kusinthanitsa kwanu kuti muthandizidwe. Wogulitsa broker kapena woyendetsa wamba wamtundu wanu mumudzi wanu adzakhalanso akuthandizani kuti muzindikire zonse, ndipo sipadzakhala malipiro pazinthu zawo.
> Zotsatira:
Maofesi a Medicare ndi Medicaid Services, Center for Information Consumer Information ndi Inshuwalansi Yoyang'anitsitsa, Mwachidule: Kukonzekera Kwambiri kwa Health Insurance Reforms .
Mabanja USA. Zotsatira za umphawi wadziko.
Utumiki Wopezeka M'zinthu. Ndondomeko ya Ndalama 2017-36 .
Kaiser Family Foundation, Health Inshuwalansi Marketplace Calculator.
Ofesi Yothandizira Pulezidenti wa Kukonzekera ndi Kufufuza, US Federal Poverty Guidelines Anagwiritsa Ntchito Kutsimikizira Ndalama Zogwirizana ndi Mapulogalamu Ena a Federal.