Odwala Matenda a Mitsempha Amatchedwa 'Stroke Doctors'
Vascular neurology ndi mankhwala okwapula . Kachilombo ndi matenda omwe amakhudza chotengera cha magazi chomwe chimatsogolera ku ubongo ndikuyenda mkati mwa ubongo. Sitiroko imakhala ndi zizindikiro monga kufooka, kusowa, kusintha masomphenya ndi kusokonezeka kwa mawu.
Sitiroko imapezeka pamene mitsempha yonyamula oksijeni ndi zakudya ku ubongo imatsekedwa ndi magazi (ischemic stroke) kapena kupasuka (kupwetekedwa kwa magazi). Pamene izi zimachitika, mbali ya ubongo yomwe imadalira magazi kuchokera ku chotengera cha magazi chosokonezeka Sangathe kulandira mpweya wokwanira wa magazi ndi zakudya zomwe zimayambitsa ubongo.
Nthaŵi zambiri, dokotala, namwino kapena katswiri wina wa zamankhwala amatha kupeza matenda a stroke. Kawirikawiri, mankhwala a sitiroko amayamba nthawi yomweyo, ndipo nthawi zina, mankhwala ozunguza bongo angayambe kuyenda mu ambulansi panjira yopita ku chipatala . Kawirikawiri pali akatswiri ambiri omwe amagwira ntchito pamodzi monga gulu la osamalidwa . Kawirikawiri, katswiri wa sayansi ya ubongo amagwira ntchito m'zinthu zovuta kwambiri za matenda opatsirana ndi kupweteka kwa stroke .
Nthawi zina, m'zochitika zovuta kwambiri, katswiri wamagulu a m'maganizo amafunsidwa kuti awonetsetse kuti akudwala matenda opatsirana komanso akuchiritsidwa, ndipo akhoza kukutsatirani nthawi zonse. Katswiri wa m'mitsempha wa m'mitsempha ndi katswiri wa maphunziro a ubongo yemwe ali ndi maphunziro ena owonjezera pa chisamaliro, kuchiza ndi kupewa.
Kuchiza kwapakati
Zaka zapitazo, madokotala anali ochepa kuti athe kuchiza matendawa chifukwa cha kusowa kwa njira zowonetsera komanso mankhwala ochiritsira. Komabe, m'zaka makumi angapo zapitazi, akatswiri a sayansi ya ubongo ndi madokotala ena apeza njira zambiri zatsopano zowunikira, kuchiza ndi kupewa matendawa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti asamangidwe bwino.
Kuchiza kwapakati kumadalira mtundu wa stroke
Pali mitundu iwiri ya zikwapu: zozizwitsa kapena zenizeni . Mankhwalawa amasiyana malinga ndi mtundu wa stroke.
Pakati pa kupweteka kwachilendo, magazi osungira magazi amapereka magazi ku ubongo amaletsedwa. Pakati pa kupweteka kwa magazi, chotengera cha magazi chofooka kapena choonongeka chimatuluka ndi kutaya magazi m'magazi a ubongo.
Pali mitundu ina iwiri ya mitsempha yomwe ingayambitsenso matenda oopsa: ubongo wa ubongo (gawo la kutupa kwa mitsempha yomwe ikhoza kuthetsa) ndi malingaliro amodzi (AVMs).
Chithandizo cha Ischemic Stroke Treatment
Pali mankhwala ambiri okhudza sitiroko ya ischemic. Mmodzi wa awa ndi minofu ya plasminogen (tPA) yomwe imapatsidwa IV (intravenously.) Kuyendetsa bwino kwa tPA kumasula magazi ndipo kumapangitsa kuti magazi alowe mu ubongo, zomwe zingalepheretse kuwonongeka kwa nthawi yaitali ndi kulemala.
Njira ina yochiritsira ndiyo njira yotchedwa endovascular yotchedwa mechanical thrombectomy, yomwe imayesa kuchotsa magazi ochuluka mwa kutumiza chipangizo chowongolera (chotchedwa stent retriever) kumalo a chotengera choletsedwa cha magazi mu ubongo.
Hemorrhagic Stroke Treatment
Njira zothetsera vutoli zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pofuna kuchepetsa kapena kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa zilonda zam'mimba zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi aneurysms kapena AVMs. Pakati pa njirazi, catheter imayikidwa kudzera mu mitsempha yaikulu pamlendo kapena mkono, kenako imatsogoleredwa ku aneurysm; Kenako amaika chophimba kuti asatuluke.
Opaleshoni ingathandizenso kuchepetsa kutuluka kwa magazi. Ngati magaziwa amayamba chifukwa cha kupweteka kwa magazi, chithunzi chachitsulo chikhoza kuikidwa opaleshoni pamunsi pa aneurysm kuti chikhale nacho.
Vascular Neurologists
Odwala matenda a m'mimba amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri amatchedwa kuti stroke madokotala. Kuti adziŵe bwino njira zatsopano zothandizira odwala matenda opatsirana, madokotala ayenera kupeza zambiri ndi maphunziro. Akatswiri onse ogwira ntchito m'thupi amadziŵa zambiri pa kuyang'anira mikwingwirima. Maphunziro a ubongo odwala matendawa amaphatikizapo maphunziro othandizira ena omwe amatha kupititsa patsogolo maphunziro a zaukali omwe akatswiri a zamagulu amapezako maphunziro opititsa patsogolo njira zowonongeka.
Ngati mwadwala matenda osokoneza bongo , mankhwala omwe amawatcha kuti cryptogenic stroke , mukhoza kutumizidwa ku katswiri wamagulu a matenda a m'magazi kuti mudziwe zambiri.
Mofananamo, ngati muli ndi chiopsezo chachikulu, monga matenda a stroke pa nthawi ya mimba, kapena matenda a magazi omwe angayambitse mliri , mukhoza kuwona khungu la m'mimba.
Mawu Ochokera
Ngati mwakumana ndi stroke, gulu lachipatala lingathe kuzindikira kachilomboka ndikuyambitsa mankhwala opulumutsa moyo. Nthawi zina, gulu lanu lingaphatikizepo mitsempha ya m'mitsempha yambiri, makamaka ngati pali zizindikiro zosadziwika kapena ngati sizingatheke.
Kusamalira khunyu kumaphatikizapo gulu la akatswiri odziwa zaumoyo omwe angayankhe mafunso anu pamene akuthandizani kupyolera mukuchira.
> Fuither Reading
> Kupititsa patsogolo Kuphunzitsa ndi Kugawidwa kwa Vascular Neurology Interventionists mu Era ya Thrombectomy, Grotta JC, Lyden P, Brott T, Stroke. 2017 Aug; 48 (8): 2313-2317. lembani: 10.1161 / STROKEAHA.116.016416. Epub 2017 Jul 13.