Ngakhale kusokonezeka, Kuopsa Kowonongeka Kwambiri M'magulu Ena
Pamene kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kumakhalabe njira yoyamba yofalitsira kachirombo ka hepatitis C (HCV) . Timanena zomwe zingatheke - mosiyana ndi, kunena, pangozi kapena zovuta - monga akatswiri ambiri amalingalira kuti kugonana kwa HCV kumakhala kovuta. Ndipo, zoona zanenedwa, maumboni ambiri akuwoneka kuti akuthandizira izi.
Kafukufuku wina wochokera ku yunivesite ya California, ku San Francisco mu 2013 anawonetsa kuti chiopsezo cha HCV pakati pa amuna ndi akazi okhaokha omwe anali okwatirana ndi amuna omwe anali amuna kapena akazi okhaokha anali mu ballpark imodzi mwa anthu okwana 190,000 ogonana. Komanso, ochita kafukufukuwo anapeza kuti mgwirizano pakati pa HCV ndi zochitika zogonana ndizochitika bwino komanso kuti maanja osiyana-siyana ayenera kuperekedwa "mauthenga othandiza okhutiritsa" ponena za chiopsezo chachikulu cha matenda.
Umboni watsopano, komabe, umasonyeza kuti zitsimikiziro zoterezi sizikuyimira m'magulu ena. Ndipotu, kuyambira 2004, kafukufuku wambiri wapeza kuti chiopsezo cha HCV kupyolera mu kugonana sichiri chokwanira pakati pa amuna omwe amagonana ndi amuna (MSM ) koma chikuwonjezeka makamaka makamaka pakati pa omwe ali ndi HIV .
Kugonjetsa Kugonana kwa HCV mu Amuna Achiwerewere
Chimodzi mwa kufufuza kwakukulu koyamba kunachitikira mu 2005 ndi kupita patsogolo, Phunziro lokhala ndi magulu osiyanasiyana a ku Switzerland. Kufufuza deta kuchokera ku 3,327 MSM omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV kuyambira pakati pa 1988 ndi 2004 (osatengera omwe adamwa mankhwala), ofufuza adapeza kuti kuchuluka kwa kachilombo pakati pa omwe adagonana ndi amayi osakwatirana ndi oposa 300 peresenti kuposa omwe amagwiritsira ntchito makondomu nthawi zonse.
Izi zinali zosiyana kwambiri ndi kafukufuku wina wofalitsidwa mu 2005 kuchokera ku yunivesite ya Quebec, yomwe inatsimikizira kuti panalibe umboni wokhudzana ndi kugonana kwa HCV pakati pa MSM ndikuti chifukwa chokha chokhalira ndi kachilombo kafukufuku m'magulu awo anali kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Komabe, phunziroli linali loperewera kwambiri ndi nthawi yochepa yowunika (miyezi isanu ndi iwiri pakati pa January ndi September 2001).
M'chaka cha 2007 kuti kafukufuku wowonjezereka (omwe amapezeka m'madera akuluakulu a m'midzi) amatsutsa maganizo a chikhalidwe cha sayansi pankhani ya kulumikizana kwa kugonana pakati pa osalowamo MSM.
Kufufuza kwa miyala yamakona kuchokera ku Amsterdam Cohort Study, yomwe inawonetsa MSM 1,836 kuyambira 1984 mpaka 2003, kuti kuchuluka kwa kugonana komwe kunapezedwa HCV sikunali kokha kokha pakati pa MSM wodwala kachilombo ka HIV koma kuchuluka kwa matenda kwawonjezeka khumi. Kuwunika kwa zolemba zachipatala kunasonyezanso kuti, pambuyo pa 2000, anthu 59 pa anthu 100 alionse adanena kuti matendawa ndi opatsirana pogonana , ndipo 55 peresenti adanena za "kugonana koopsa" (mwachitsanzo, kumenyana ). Palibe amuna omwe amavomereza kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
Pakafika chaka cha 2009, kafukufuku wina wochokera ku Amsterdam anatsimikizira zotsatira za HIV pa kutumiza kwa HCV, komwe osachepera 1% mwa MSM omwe alibe kachilombo ka HIV anali ndi kachilombo ka HIV kupitirira 17 peresenti ya MSM ya HIV. Mwa amenewa, 82 peresenti inanena kuti palibe mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Kugonana, kugonana kwa magulu, kugonana ndi zidole za kugonana, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a gamma hydroxyl butyrate (GHB) anadziwika ngati mwazimene zimayambitsa matenda a MSM omwe ali ndi HIV.
Kufufuza kwa mchaka cha 2010 kuchokera ku National Center for HIV / AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, ndi TB Prevention zinawonetsanso kuti kukaniza, monga kudziimira, kuwonjezeka kwa chiopsezo cha HCV ndi 500 peresenti ya MSM-yomwe ili ndi kachilombo ka HIV-mwinamwake chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kapena kutuluka magazi zida zogonana zolimbana ndi kugonana zowonjezereka.
Amuna Amuna Okhaokha Sangakhale Okha Amene Ali Pangozi
Kafukufuku waposachedwapa wanena kuti chiopsezo cha HCV kupyolera mu kugonana sizingatheke ku MSM. Malingana ndi kafukufuku wa 2009 kuchokera ku Women's Interagency Cohort Study, chiopsezo cha HCV pakati pa amayi 3,636 omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV omwe alibe mbiri yakugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo anali kawiri kawiri ya amayi omwe alibe HIV. Kuphatikiza pa HIV, chiopsezo pakati pa amayi chinali chogwirizana ndi amuna omwe amagonana nawo pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Ambiri ogonana, kugwiritsira ntchito makondomu osagwirizana, umphawi ndi kusowa ntchito zinawonetsedwanso kukhala zifukwa.
Zonsezi, apolisiwo adatsimikiza kuti kufalikira kwa HCV mu maphunzirowa ndi 6.5%, kutanthauza kuti uthenga wopereka uphungu kwa amayi uyenera kusintha, kuika patsogolo kwambiri kuopsa kwa ma HCV kupyolera mu chiwerewere-makamaka omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV (kapena pangozi wa HIV ), komanso omwe ali ndi abambo omwe amamwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
Zotsatira:
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Rauch, A .; Martin, M .; Weber, R .; et al. "Kugonana Kosaopsa ndi Kuwonjezeka kwa Chiwindi cha Hepatitis C Vuto pakati pa amuna omwe ali ndi HIV / Amuna Ogonana Amene Amagonana ndi Amuna: Phunziro la Akazi a HIV Swiss." Matenda opatsirana pogonana. 2005; 41 (3): 395-402.
Anouk, U .; van de Laar, T ;; Stolte, I .; et al. "Matenda a chiwindi a Hepatitis C pakati pa amuna omwe ali ndi kachirombo ka HIV omwe amagonana ndi amuna: mliri wochuluka." AIDS. July 31, 2009; 23 (12): F1-F7.
Frederick, T .; Burian, P .; Terrault, N .; et al. "Zinthu Zogwirizanitsa ndi Chiwindi Choopsa cha Kutupa kwa Chiwindi cha C pakati pa Akazi Omwe Ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV omwe alibe Mbiri Yomwe Anayambitsa Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo: Akazi a Interagency Cohort Study (WIHS)." Edzi Odwala Matenda ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana. November 20, 2009; 23 (11): 915-923,
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