Vuto la Hepatitis C (HCV) ndi matenda omwe amayambitsa kutupa kwa chiwindi. Amadziwika kudzera mwa kukhudzana ndi magazi a munthu amene ali ndi kachilomboka kapena madzi amadzimadzi. Njira zowonjezereka zomwe mungapeze matenda a HCV ndi kupyolera mu mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kusagonana kosateteza, njira zamankhwala pogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zonyansa, kapena kupweteka kapena chilonda chomwe chimakuwonetsani kuti mukudwala magazi ndi HCV.
Zomwe Zimayambitsa
HCV imalowa m'thupi ndipo imabala thupi la munthu yemwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV, makamaka ku chiwindi. HCV nthawi zambiri imachotsa chitetezo cha mthupi, ndipo imayambitsa matenda chifukwa cha chiwindi mwachindunji. Chitetezo cha mthupi cha thupi chimapanganso kutentha kwa chiwindi. Chiwindi chimayambitsa ntchito zambiri za thupi, monga kuzimitsa magazi, chimbudzi, chakudya chokwanira komanso kuchepa kwa thupi, ndiye chifukwa chake HCV imakhudza kwambiri thupi.
Pali njira zambiri zomwe zimadziwika kuti HCV imalowa m'thupi.
Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mankhwala Osakaniza
Kugawana singano, siritseni kapena zipangizo zina kuti muyambe kumwa mankhwala zimakupangitsani inu pachiopsezo chachikulu kuti mukhale ndi HCV. Ntchito yogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo imayambitsa matenda ambiri a HCV ku United States.
Maphunziro a HCV angakhale osiyana kwa omwe amapeza kachilombo kudzera mu mankhwala osokoneza bongo kusiyana ndi anthu omwe amapeza kachilombo ka njira zina.
Zifukwa izi sizikudziwika, koma anthu omwe nthawi zambiri amawonekeranso kachilombo ka HIV pogwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza amapezeka kachilombo kachiwiri atachiritsidwa.
Kugonana
Chiwindi cha chiwindi cha Edzi chikhoza kufalikira kudzera mu kugonana koma sizichitika kawirikawiri. Mosiyana ndi kachilombo ka hepatitis B , kamene kamadziwika kuti kamapezeka m'mimba ndi m'madzi amadzi, HCV sichipezeka m'madzi ambiri.
Kuopsa kokhala ndi HCV kumagonana ndiwowonjezereka ngati muli ndi zibwenzi zambiri, kugwirizana ndi magazi, matenda opatsirana pogonana, kapena odwala kachilombo ka HIV.
Zimakhala zovuta kufotokoza chiwerengero cha anthu amene amatenga kachilomboka pogonana pogwiritsa ntchito njira zina. Kafukufuku wina anapeza kuti anthu omwe akhala ndi zibwenzi zakale za munthu wina amene ali ndi matenda a chiwindi (C), anadwala kachilombo ka HIV.
Pakhala pali kufufuza kuti amuna omwe ali pachiwerewere ali pachiopsezo chachikulu cha HCV, ndipo maphunziro amasonyeza kuti anthu angakhale pachiopsezo chachikulu chotenga HCV nthawi zina, monga kugonana kosatetezeka ndi wokondedwa wawo.
Mayi-Kutengeka Kwabwana
Pafupifupi ana 4 peresenti ya ana obadwa ndi amayi omwe ali ndi chiwindi cha C chiwindi adzakhala ndi kachilomboka. Izi zimatchedwa kufalikira kwawongolera. Kuopsa kwa kufalikira kufalikira kaŵirikaŵiri ngati amayi ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV kapena ali ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda ambiri (kachilombo ka HIV mumthupi mwake) panthawi yobereka. Gawo lachigawo silikuwoneka kuti limapangitsa chiopsezo chotenga kachilombo ka HIV, koma kutaya kwa nthawi yaitali pakapita nthawi kumaphatikizapo chiopsezo chowonjezereka chotenga kachilombo ka HIV kuchokera kwa mayi kupita kwa mwana.
Pafupifupi ana onse obadwa ndi amayi omwe ali ndi HVV ali ndi ma antibodies.
Izi sizikutanthauza kuti mwanayo ali ndi kachilombo. Ma antibodies ali ndi mapuloteni oteteza thupi omwe amapangidwa ndi thupi chifukwa cha matenda omwe amachititsa anthu ngati HCV, ndipo mapuloteni oteteza thupi lawo amatumizidwa kwa ana aang'ono kuchokera kwa amayi awo
Palibe umboni wosonyeza kuti kuyamwitsa kumawonjezera chiopsezo chotenga HIV kuchokera kwa mayi kupita kwa mwana. Ndipotu, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) ndi American Congress of Obstetrics ndi Gynecologists (ACOG) amavomereza kuyamwitsa amayi omwe ali ndi HCV.
Kuvulala kofunika kuzinthu zamagetsi
Anamwino, madokotala, ndi onse ogwira ntchito zamankhwala omwe nthawi zonse amagwiritsa ntchito singano pamene akupereka chithandizo chamankhwala ali pachiopsezo cha kuvulala kosafunika.
Ndipotu, akuti pafupifupi opitirira 600,000 kuvulala kwa masanjidwe kumachitika chaka chilichonse, ndipo anamwino ali pachiopsezo chachikulu. Pafupifupi 2 peresenti ya kuvulala kwa masing'onoting'ono kumene apezeka ndi kachilomboka amachititsa chiwindi chachikulu cha chiwindi cha C.
Kuika Magazi
M'mbuyomu, kuika magazi kunali njira yamba yomwe HCV inafalikira. Anthu omwe anali ndi hemophilia, thalassemia, kapena matenda ena omwe amafunika kuikidwa magazi ambiri anali pachiopsezo chachikulu. Komabe, lero, kuwonetseredwa kwa HCV kudzera mwa kuika magazi n'kosavuta chifukwa chakuti magazi operekedwa amaperekedwa kwa ma HCV ndi ma HCV. Akatswiri amakhulupirira kuti mwayi wanu wopeza HCV kuikidwa magazi ndi pafupifupi mmodzi mwa 2 miliyoni.
Njira Zamankhwala
Njira zina zachipatala, monga ziwalo za thupi, zingakuwonetseni monga Kuika magazi, opereka mavoti amayesedwa ndi kachilombo ka HIV komanso ma antibodies, omwe amachititsa kuti chiopsezocho chikhale chochepa kwambiri. Katemera ndi singano zowonongeka angathe kuwululira anthu ku HVC. Izi si zachilendo m'mayiko otukuka chifukwa chakuti singano zotaya nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Mwezi Wothandizira
HCV ikhoza kufalikira mkati mwa nyumba, koma izi ndizosawerengeka. Kukhala ndi munthu yemwe ali ndi HCV kungakuthandizeni kuti mukhale ndi kachilombo ka HIV. Kuopsa kwa kufalitsa kotereku kungachepetse mwa kuteteza zodzitetezera. Mwachitsanzo, popeza mazula ndi mabotolo amatha kukhala magwero a HCV, ndibwino kuti musagawane zinthu izi.
Kufalitsa Kwambiri
Pali anthu ochepa omwe ali ndi HCV omwe sakudziwa kuti ali ndi kachilomboka. Kufalitsa kotereku kumadziwika kuti matenda a sporadic, idiopathic, kapena a anthu. Zotsatira zina zimasonyeza kuti 10 peresenti ya chiwindi chachikulu cha hepatitis ndi 30 peresenti ya matenda aakulu a chiwindi chifukwa cha kusadziwika kosadziwika. Akatswiri ambiri amakhulupirira kuti kufalikira kumeneku kumachokera ku chilonda choyipa, kukhudzana ndi chiopsezo chachikulu kwa munthu yemwe ali ndi kachirombo ka HIV, kapena kuwonetseredwa ndi HCV kuchokera kuchipatala.
Chifukwa chakuti anthu ambiri ali ndi matenda a chiwindi (C) omwe alibe chidziwitso chilichonse, tsopano akuyenera kuti onse obadwa pakati pa 1945 ndi 1965 ayesedwe.
Moyo
Pali zinthu zambiri zomwe zimayambitsa matenda zomwe zingachititse kuti mukhale ndi kachirombo ka HIV. Zomwe zimayambitsa moyo wanu zimakupangitsani mwayi wotsatizana ndi magazi oipitsidwa.
- Kujambula Zithunzi kapena Kuboola Thupi: Zithunzi zina zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito singano zomwe sizinatsukidwe bwino, zomwe zingawonjezere chiopsezo cha HCV.
- Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo: Kujambulira mtundu uliwonse wa mankhwala mu khungu, mitsempha (IV) kapena minofu ingapangitse mwayi wanu wopeza HCV ngati mutagawana singano.
- Ntchito Yogonana Yosatetezedwe: Kugonana popanda kugwiritsa ntchito makondomu kapena pamene kugonana kumakhudzana ndi kukhudzana ndi magazi, pali chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha HCV.
- Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mankhwala: Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena kugonana komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo kungapangitse chiopsezo cha kugonana. Mavutowa amawoneka kuti ndi osiyana ndi chiopsezo chotenga kachilombo kajambulidwa pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
- Ogwira Ntchito Zaumoyo: Ogwira ntchito zaumoyo angathe kutenga kachilombo, makamaka pamene akusamalira odwala pazifukwa zosayenera.
- Ndondomeko Za Zamankhwala ndi Zodzikongoletsera: Njira zomwe zimachitika m'dera losaloledwa zikhoza kuwonjezera mwayi wokhala ndi zida zonyansa.
- Kuyankhulana kwachangu: Palibe umboni wakuti kulankhulana mwachisawawa, kwafala, kumafalitsa chiwindi cha kutentha kwa chiwindi. Kuyankhulana mwachangu kumaphatikizapo kumpsompsonana, kukunkha, kukumbatira, kukokera, kugawana chakudya kapena madzi, kugawa zida zodyera kapena kumwa magalasi.
Maso
Palibe chibadwa chokhala ndi HCV kapena kukhala ndi matenda oopsa kwambiri. Chinthu chokhacho cha thanzi chokhudzana ndi HCV ndi kusowa kwa chitetezo cha m'thupi, chomwe chimapangitsa kuti thupi lanu likhale lovuta kulimbana ndi matenda. Kutetezeka kwa chitetezo cha mthupi chomwe chimatchulidwa nthawi zambiri ndi HCV ndi kachilombo ka HIV.
- Kachilombo ka HIV: HIV, ngati HCV ingapezeke kudzera pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi singano zowonongeka ndi kugonana. Kutetezeka kwa chitetezo cha mthupi kwa HIV kungachititse kuti zikhale zovuta kuti thupi lanu limenyane ndi matenda a HCV. Kuonjezera apo, mungafunike mankhwala oletsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, omwe angapange chisankho chowopsa kwambiri ngati muli ndi kachilombo ka HIV.
> Zotsatira:
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> Lonardo A, Adinolfi LE, Resitivo L, et al. Pathogenesis ndi kufunika kwa kachirombo ka hepatitis C steatosis: mfundo yokhudzana ndi njira yopezera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. World J Gastroenterol. 2014 Jun 21; 20 (23): 7089-103. lembani: 10.3748 / wjg.v20.i23.7089.
> Terrault NA, Dodge JL, Murphy EL, ndi al. Kupatsirana pogonana kwa kachilombo ka hepatitis C pakati pa anthu omwe amachitira amuna kapena akazi anzawo okhaokha: A HCVpartners amaphunzira. Hepatology. 2013 Mar; 57 (3): 881-9. lembani: 10.1002 / hep.26164. Epub 2013 Feb 7.