Chithunzichi cha zithunzi chidzasintha pakati pazinthu zachilendo, zowonongeka ndi melanoma kotero kuti mutha kuphunzira kuzindikira aliyense. Chofunika chofunika: Kufotokozera moleseni ndi khansa ya melanoma sikophweka, ngakhale kwa madokotala omwe ali ndi zaka zophunzitsira, choncho onetsetsani kuti mukumane ndi dokotala ngati muli ndi mafunso.
Mole wamba (Nevus)
Vusus ndi chotupa (osati cha khansa) chotupa cha melanocytic, chomwe chimatchedwa mole. Nevi (kuchuluka kwa nevus) sakhalapo nthawi yobereka koma ayamba kuoneka mwa ana ndi achinyamata. Ma moles ambiri sangayambitse vuto lililonse, koma munthu yemwe ali ndi molulu woposa 50 omwe amatha kukhala ndi khansa ya khungu, amakhala ndi chiopsezo chachikulu chokhala ndi khansa ya khansa .
Melanoma: Yopangidwa mosafanana
Chithunzichi cha khansara ya khungu la khansa ya khansa ikuonetsa mmene iwo amawonekera mosiyana ndi maonekedwe osiyanasiyana.
Matenda a melanoma oyambirira amapezeka, amapezeka mwayi wothandizira. Kudzipenda kwa mwezi uliwonse kungathandize kuti mupeze nthawi yayitali. Kawirikawiri, chizindikiro choyamba cha melanoma ndicho kusintha kwa kukula, mawonekedwe, kapena mtundu wa mole. Ikhozanso kuwoneka ngati mole watsopano kapena wosaoneka bwino. Lamulo la "ABCDE" lingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuthandizira kukumbukira zomwe muyenera kuyang'anira.
Mole wamba: Ngwiro Kwambiri
Ichi ndi chitsanzo cha mole wamba; tawonani kuti pafupifupi pafupifupi kuzungulira. Matenda a m'magazi amasiyana chifukwa nthawi zambiri amalephera.
Ngakhale kuti timadontho tambiri timene timayambitsa matenda a khansa (osati khansa), mitundu ina imakhala ndi chiopsezo chachikulu chokhala ndi khansa ya khansa. Pafupifupi 2% mpaka 8% a anthu a ku America a ku Caucasian amakhala ndi timadzi timene timatchedwa "dysplastic" kapena "atypical" nevi, yomwe ndi yaikulu kuposa miyendo yambiri yamtundu umodzi (ambiri ndi 5mm kudutsa kapena kuposerapo), ali ndi malire osayenerera, komanso amitundu yosiyanasiyana. Anthu omwe ali ndi dysplastic nevi kuphatikizapo banja lomwe limakhala ndi matenda a khansa yotchedwa melanoma (matenda omwe amadziwika kuti FAMM) ali pachiopsezo chachikulu kwambiri chokhala ndi khansa ya khansa (wamng'ono kuposa 40).
Chilankhulo: Zosakaniza ndi Kusintha
Chitsanzo cha mitsempha ya khansa ya khansa ya m'magazi imakhala yochepa kwambiri (mosiyana), mosiyana ndi osagwidwa ndi khansa.
Ngati muli ndi 50 kapena zambiri moles (kapena 5 kapena kuposa "dysplastic" moles), muyenera kufufuza khungu lanu kangapo pachaka. (Ngakhale mulibe moles, muyenera kudziyesa khungu kamodzi pa chaka.) Ngati muwona zizindikiro izi, funsani dokotala wanu:
- Malo atsopano, mwinamwake aakulu, osasinthasintha, amdima obiriwira ndi malo akuda kapena akuda.
- Khungu losavuta lomwe limasintha mtundu (makamaka kutembenuka mdima), kukula (kukula), kapangidwe kake (kukhala kozizira), ndi / kapena kutentha kapena kutuluka magazi.
- Kusintha kokayikira mu khungu kapena mabala omwe alipo.
- Chilonda chokhala ndi malire osasinthasintha ndi ofiira, oyera, a buluu, a imvi, kapena malo amdima.
- Zilonda za mdima pansi pa zipilala kapena zikhomo, pazanja, pamphuno, padzanja zala ndi zala, kapena pakhungu (khungu lomwe lili pamlomo, mphuno, chikazi, ndi anus).
Mole wamba: Mmodzi Mbalame
Mayi wamba amawonetsedwa pa chithunzi ichi. Onani kuti mtunduwu ndi wofanana mu mole - palibe mithunzi yambiri ya bulauni, yakuda, kapena yamani, monga momwe amachitira ku melanoma.
Chilankhulo: Msewu wosagwirizana
Matenda a kansalu a melanoma ali ndi malire omwe ali osagwirizana, osakanikirana, kapena osati. Imeneyi ndi njira ina yosiyanitsira khansa ya khansa yomwe imakhala ndi mapuloteni omwe amatha kukhala ndi malire.
Mole Wachibadwa: Zosiyanasiyana Zosiyanasiyana ndi Mitundu
Mitundu yambiri yamakono imakhala ndi kukula ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana: (a) khungu laling'ono lopangidwa ngati khungu (lotchedwa "macula"); (b) lalikulu macule; (c) mole yomwe imakwezedwa pamwamba pa msinkhu wa khungu; ndipo (d) mole yomwe yataya mtundu wake wakuda. Palibe zitsanzo izi ndi khansa ya khansa.
Chilankhulo: ABCDE Chilamulo
Chilonda cha khansa ya malanoma yomwe ili ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya bulauni, yakuda, ndi tani.
Lamulo la "ABCDE" lingagwiritsidwe ntchito kukuthandizani kukumbukira chomwe chotupa cha khansa ya chiwindi chimakhala ngati:
- Asymmetry : Maonekedwe a hafu ya mole sagwirizana ndi ina.
- Mphepete: M'mphepete mwake muli mvula, yosasinthika, kapena yofiira.
- Mtundu : Kawirikawiri mtundu umafanana. Zithunzi zamdima, zofiirira, ndi tani zikhoza kukhalapo. Malo amdima, imvi, ofiira, kapena a buluu amatha kuwonanso.
- Diameter : Mimbayi imakhala yaikulu kuposa malimita asanu ndi limodzi (kukula kwa pencil eraser) kapena ikukula kukula. Komabe, khansa ya khansa imatha kukula.
- Kusintha : Mulu wakhala akusintha kukula, mawonekedwe, mtundu, maonekedwe, kapena kukula m'dera lachikopa. Komanso, pamene khansa ya khansa ya khansa imayamba m'kati mwake, mtundu wa molewo umasintha n'kukhala wolimba, wovuta, kapena wodwala. Ngakhale kuti khungu limakhala losiyana ndipo limatha kutentha, kuyaka, kapena kutuluka magazi, khansa ya khansa imakhala yosautsa.
Ngati muwona chilichonse cha izi zikuchitika pa imodzi yamagulu anu, funsani dokotala mwamsanga.
Mole wamba: Smooth Border
Zitsanzo zowonjezereka zamagulu : (a) Kutuluka kwa khungu kofiira kapena kofiira, 1 mpaka 2 mm m'mimba mwake, (b) Kutuluka kwa khungu kwakukulu, (c) Mulu umene umakwera pamwamba pa khungu, (d) ) mole yomwe imamveka bwino pamwamba pa khungu, ndi (e) mole yofiira kapena yamitundu.
Zonsezi ndi zachilendo, ndipo ngakhale imodzi yokha imatha kupyola muzigawo izi patapita nthawi. Komabe, zonsezi zili ndi malire osalala ndipo zimasiyanitsidwa bwino ndi khungu lozungulira, mosiyana ndi chifuwa cha khansa ya khansa.
Chilankhulo: Kusintha kwakukulu
Chithunzi chathu chomalizira ndi chotupa cha khansa ya khansana yomwe ndi yaikulu ndipo idakula kwambiri pakapita nthawi - chikhalidwe chofunika kwambiri cha chifuwa cha khansa ya khansa. Ngati muwona chithunzithunzi chilichonse chokhudzidwa ndi khungu, makamaka chomwe chatsopano kapena chatsopano chasintha, funsani dokotala wanu.
Kumbukirani, matenda a khansa ya khansa imatha kuchiritsidwa ngati atayang'ana msanga, mosiyana ndi khansa zambiri. Choncho kudziwa zinthu zomwe zingakupangitse chiopsezo ndi kuwuza dokotala wanu kungakuthandizeni kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi komanso zosankha zaumoyo. Ngati muli ndi timadontho ting'onoting'ono tambiri kapena zoopsa zina, nkofunika kuti muzichita kafukufuku wokhazikika pakhungu lanu, onani dermatologist kuti muyambe kafukufuku wodzitetezera , ndipo muteteze ku dzuwa .