Zizindikiro, Zimayambitsa, ndi Chithandizo cha SVC Syndrome
Matenda akuluakulu a vena cava (SVC syndrome) ndi zizindikiro zomwe zimayambitsa pamene magazi akuyenda kupyolera mu vena cava wamkulu (chotengera chachikulu cha magazi chomwe chimabweretsanso magazi kuchokera kumtunda kubwerera ku mtima) chatsekedwa. Matendawa ndi vuto lomwe limapezeka pakati pa 2 ndi 4 peresenti ya anthu omwe amakhala ndi khansa ya m'mapapo, ndipo nthawi zina ndi chizindikiro choyamba chomwe chimayambitsa matenda.
Zizindikiro
Zizindikiro za matenda a SVC zimayambitsidwa ndi kukakamizidwa kwapamwamba pa vena cava pamwamba pa kutseka ndipo kungaphatikizepo:
- Kutupa kwa nkhope, mikono, kapena khoma la chifuwa
- Kuvuta kupuma ( dyspnea )
- Kufalikira kwa mitsempha m'khosi ndi pachifuwa
- Kukuda ndi / kapena kukakamira magazi (hemoptysis)
- Mutu
- Kupweteka pachifuwa
- Kusokonezeka
- Kuvuta kumeza (dysphasia)
- Bluish tinge ku khungu la nkhope kapena thupi (cyanosis)
Pamene Ndizoopsa
Vena cava syndrome yapamwamba ikhoza kuchitika pang'onopang'ono kwa odwala ambiri, koma akhoza kukhala odwala matenda okhudza khansa nthawi zina. Ngati kulephereka kwa vena cava kumabwera mofulumira, sipangakhale nthawi ya mitsempha ina (yotchedwa mitsempha yowonjezereka mwazi kapena kusindikizidwa kwa magazi) kuti athetse kuwonjezeka kwa magazi komwe kumachitika. Chosautsa kwambiri ndi matenda a SVC omwe amachititsa khansa ya m'mapapo, yomwe imayambitsa chisokonezo - njira yomwe imayenda kuchokera pamphuno mpaka ku bronchi yomwe imalowa m'mapapo.
Ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro izi ndizofunika kupanga nthawi yoti muwone dokotala nthawi yomweyo. Kafukufuku amatiuza kuti anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda a SVC amadikirira nthawi yaitali asanafune chithandizo chamankhwala. Ndipo ngakhale mutakhala kuti mukugwirizana ndi khansa yanu, nkofunika kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu.
Ambiri mwa anthu amene amafa ndi SVC amafa ndi matenda awo a khansa - SASSVC. Kuonjezera apo, pakhoza kukhala zochitika zachipatala kupatula khansara zomwe zikuyambitsa vuto ili.
Zimayambitsa
Chifukwa chofala kwambiri cha matenda a SVC masiku ano ndi kupanikizika kwa vena cava (SVC) yapamwamba ndi chotupa cha khansa. Vena cava wapamwamba ndi mitsempha yofewa ndipo imatha kupanikizika mosavuta ndi zotupa zikukula pafupi. Mankhwala a khansa, makamaka omwe akukula m'mapapo akumwamba, ndi omwe amachititsa kuti azidwala matendawa. Zakudya za khansa zina, monga khansa ya m'mawere ndi zamaliseche m'kati mwa mapaipi (chigawo cha chifuwa pakati pa mapapo) chingakhalenso ndi udindo. Zowonongeka zochepa zimaphatikizapo ziphuphu zamagazi mkati mwa SVC (nthawi zambiri zam'mbali ndi zigawo zapakati zozizira kapena waya wa pacemaker) kapena matenda monga TB.
Kudziwa
SVC syndrome imakayikiridwa ndi zizindikiro zomwe tazitchula pamwambapa. Maphunziro a sayansi monga chifuwa x-ray kapena CT kuthandizira angasonyeze chotupa kapena zizindikiro zowononga matenda a SVC. Mayesero ena, monga MRI, ultrasound, kapena venography (mayesero omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito utoto ku mitsempha ya X-ray) angalimbikitsidwenso. Ngati dokotala akudandaula kuti khansara imayambitsa matenda (ndipo simukukhazikika), pakufunika mayeso ena kuti apeze khansa musanayambe mankhwala.
Phunzirani zambiri za momwe khansa ya m'mapapo imapezera .
Kuchiza
Chithandizo cha matenda a SVC chimadalira makamaka pa chifukwa. Ngati zizindikiro zimachokera ku chotupa chokakamiza vena cava, njira zothandizira chotupa monga chemotherapy ndi mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi dzuwa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Malingana ndi kuopsa kwa zizindikiro zanu, zimakhala zovuta kuti vena cava ikhale yotseguka. Magazini a magazi angagwiritsidwe ntchito poletsa kutseka. Nthaŵi zambiri, opaleshoni yopitirira kuponderezedwa angafunike.
Kuthamangitsani
Matenda a SVC syndrome amasiyana ndipo amadalira chifukwa choyambitsa.
Zotsatira:
Cheng, S. Superior vena cava syndrome: akuwerenganso zochitika zamasiku ano. Kubwereza Kanyama . 2009. 17 (1): 16-23.
National Cancer Institute. Mfundo zapakati pa khansa ya PDQ. Syndromes ya Cardiopulmonary. Health Professional Version Yasinthidwa 08/31/15. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK65834/#CDR0000352186__97
National Cancer Institute. Syndromes ya Cardiromulmonary (PDQ). Superior Vena Cava Syndrome. Baibulo Lopirira. Kusinthidwa 09/02/15. https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/side-effects/cardiopulmonary-pdq#section/all.
Nunnelee, J. Superior vena cava matenda. Journal of Vascular Nursing . 2007. 25 (1): 2-5, mafunso 6.
Walji, N. Wodziwika bwino zochitika zowopsa: zofufuza, kufufuza, ndi kuyang'anira. Medicine Journal ya Postgraduate . 2008. 84 (994): 418-27.