Kodi ABCD ndi zizindikiro ziti za khansa ya khansa?
Kodi zizindikiro za khansa ya khansa ndi zotani, ndipo mungakumbukire bwanji izi ndi ABCDE mnemonic?
Khansa ya Khansa ya Khansa
Chilonda ndi khansa ya khungu yomwe imakhudza anthu pafupifupi 5% omwe ali ndi khansara ya khungu. Ngakhale kuti ndi okhawo amene amachititsa khansa ya khungu 5%, ndiye chifukwa chachikulu cha imfa ya khansa ya khungu.
Zowopsa za khansa ya khansa imaphatikizapo kutuluka dzuwa, kukhala ndi khungu lokongola, komanso kukhala ndi mbiri ya banja la khansa ya khansa.
Ngakhale zili zovutazi, anthu ambiri omwe amayamba matendawa alibe zifukwa zina zoopsa, ndipo ngakhale omwe alibe zifukwa zoopsa ayenera kukhala ozindikira ku zizindikiro ndi kuonana ndi dokotala ngati atawona chilichonse chosawonongeka pakhungu lawo. Anthu ena ali ndi chibadwa choyambitsa matenda a melanoma, ndipo akuganiza kuti 55 peresenti ya khansa ya khansa imakhala ndi chiwalo chimodzi .
Matenda a melanoma amachiritsidwa kwambiri akadziwika msanga. Mapepala kapena mawanga ena pakhungu ayenera kudzipenda okha mwezi uliwonse. Fufuzani kusintha kulikonse komwe kulipo ndikuyang'ana zatsopano zamagulu.
Zizindikiro ndi Zizindikiro Za Melanoma
Khansa ya khansa imayamba ngati "malo" atsopano pakhungu, kapena ngati kusintha kwa khungu lomwe lilipo. Dziwani kuti ngakhale mutakhala ndi mole nthawi yaitali ngati mukukumbukira, kusintha kulikonse kuyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndikuyesedwa. Mukamawerenga zizindikiro izi, yang'anirani mndandanda. Izi zidzakambidwanso kachiwiri podzipenda okha pansipa.
Mukamaliza kukambirana zizindikirozi, yang'anani zithunzi izi za khansa ya khansa kuti izi zikhale zovuta kumvetsa. Zizindikiro zomwe zimapezeka ndi khansa ya khansa ikuphatikizapo:
A - Asymmetry - Asymmetry ya mole ingakhale chizindikiro cha melanoma.
B - Border - Mosiyana ndi nthawi zonse (osati khansa) timadontho timene timatulutsa timadzi timene timatulutsa timadzi timene timatulutsa timadzi timene timatulutsa timadzi timene timatulutsa timadzi timene timakhala ndi malire.
C - Mtundu - Mankhwala a Melanomas amakhala "obiriwira" kusiyana ndi timadzi timene timakhala timene timakhala timene timakhala timene timakhala timene timakhala ndi mtundu wofiira kapena wofiira wa mole, wofiira. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana yomwe imapezeka mu mole imodzi imakhalanso yodetsa nkhaŵa, ndipo ma melanoma amakhala ndi "mawonekedwe ofiira oyera ndi ofiira".
D - Mapiritsi - Mankhwala a Melanomas amatha kukhala aakulu kuposa amtundu wambiri (koma osati nthawi zonse.) Mulu uliwonse umene uli ndi chiwerengero chofanana kapena chachikulu kuposa kukula kwa penipeni penipeni ayenera kufufuzidwa.
E - Elevation - E ikuyimira. Mmalo mokhala wopanda phokoso, mole akhoza kukhala pamwamba pa khungu, kapena mbali zina za mole akhoza kukhala ndi mapiri osiyana.
E - Kusintha - Anthu ena amagwiritsira ntchito kalata E mmalo mowawonetsa kuti ayang'ane molesi yomwe ikusintha. Kusintha kungatanthauzire mbali iliyonse ya mole, mwachitsanzo, ingasinthe kukula, mtundu, mawonekedwe, kapena kukula kwake. Muluwu ukhozanso kusintha mu kapangidwe, mwachitsanzo, kukhala scaly.
F - Kuwoneka Kwambiri - Madokotala ena amapereka kalata yowonjezereka ku chibayo ndipo amagwiritsa ntchito F, chifukwa "kuyang'ana mwachidwi." Ma melanoma ambiri samangokhala ngati zachilengedwe.
Kuyamwa / Zina zozizwitsa - Nthawi zambiri zimanyalanyazidwa ndi kukhalapo kwa zizindikiro mu mole.
Nthawi zina ma Melanomas amachititsa kuyabwa (ndipo amatha kuswa ndi nkhanambo mukawapanda, kuwapangitsa kukhala kovuta kufufuza) kapena mtundu wina wa zowawa, osati kukhala ndi maganizo monga ma moles ambiri.
Zilonda pa khungu lomwe silimachiza - Ngati khungu lanu lisamachiritse pakatha masabata awiri, muyenera dokotala kuti akuyeseni kuti mukhale ndi khansa ya khansa.
Kupukuta kapena kuthamanga kuchokera ku mole - Ngati magazi kapena ozingira amachokera ku mole kapena malo, ndi koyenera kuti awonedwe ndi dokotala. Izi nthawi zambiri zimasonyeza kuti mankhwalawa ndi ofunika kwambiri.
Zizindikiro Zam'mbuyo - Ngati khansa ya melanoma ikukula yayikulu ndikufalikira kumadera ena a thupi, ikhoza kuyambitsa zizindikiro zokhudzana ndi kufalikira. Mwachitsanzo, khansa ya khansa yomwe imafalikira ku chiwindi imayambitsa jaundice, kutuluka kwa khungu kwa chikasu. Khansa yomwe yafalikira ingayambitsenso "zizindikiro zowonongeka" monga kutopa, kutaya mwadzidzidzi, ndi kufooka.
Kuzindikira Melanoma
Nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kuzindikira pakati pa mole wamba ndi khansa ya khansa, ndipo ngakhale akatswiri a khansa ya khungu nthawi zina amaona kuti kusiyana kuli kovuta. Ngati muli ndi kukayika kulikonse, nkofunika kuti muwawonetsetse ndi dokotala, ndipo mukhale ndi chidziwitso ngati chisonyezedwa. Khungu liyenera kufufuzidwa kwa madera alionse okayikira ndi dokotala pachaka mosavuta ngati khansara ya khungu siinapezekepo. Anthu ena omwe ali ndi timadzi timene timapanga timadzi timadzi timene timayang'anitsitsa chaka chilichonse kapena nthawi zambiri komanso timakhala ndi zithunzi zomwe timagwiritsa ntchito kuti tiziyang'anitsitsa.
Kudziyesa Phunziro la Melanoma ndi ABCD Mneumonic
Podzipenda, muyenera kuyang'ana mbali zonse za thupi lanu. Zimathandiza kukhala ndi galasi kuti muwone malo ovuta kuona. Fufuzani kusintha kulikonse kwa mtundu, mawonekedwe, ndi kukula ku malo alionse ophwanyika, mole, amtundu kapena obwezeretsedwa.
Kupenda mwamsanga kwa ABC za khansa ya khansa kumaphatikizapo kuwonera monga:
- A - Asymmetry
- B - Border
- C - Mtundu
- D - Mapiritsi
- E - Elevation
Mukamayesa mayeso anu, kumbukirani kuti khansa ya khansa imaoneka paliponse pa khungu, kuphatikizapo malo omwe sali pa dzuwa. Zitha kuchitikanso pansi pa zikhomo kapena m'maso (khansa ya m'magazi.) Anthu omwe ali ndi khungu lamdima amatha kupeza melanoma, ndipo chifukwa cha kufanana pakati pa khungu ndi mole, izi zimakhala zovuta kuzipeza. Ndipo anthu omwe alibe zifukwa zoopsa, kapena omwe sakhala ndi dzuwa pang'ono akhoza kutenga khansa ya khansa. Palembedwe iyi, ngakhale mutakhala osamala kwambiri pogwiritsa ntchito khungu la dzuwa, mungathebe kulandira khansa ya khansa ya khansa ya khansa ya khansa ya khansa ya khansa ya khansa ya khansa ya khansa ya khansa ya khansa ya khansa yotchedwa melanoma. Ndipotu ofufuza sadziwa ngati sunscreen imalepheretsa khansa ya khansa (ngakhale ikhoza kuchepetsa ngozi za khansa zina.)
Kuteteza Melanoma
Ngakhale kuti n'zosatheka kupewa matenda a khansa ya khansa, mukhoza kuchepetsa chiopsezo chanu. Popeza kuyang'ana kwa mazira a UV ndi chinthu choopsa, pewani kuyatsa mabedi ndi dzuwa , ndipo samalirani dzuwa. Tikulimbikitsidwa ndi dzuwa, ngakhale sitikudziwa ngati ntchito ya dzuwa imachepetsa chiopsezo cha khansa ya khansa . Kukhala wochenjera pa dzuwa ndi njira yabwino yochepetsera chiopsezo, ndipo kumaphatikizapo kupeŵa dzuwa masana (makamaka kuyambira 10 koloko mpaka 2 koloko masana) pogwiritsa ntchito zovala zoteteza kubisa khungu lanu, kuvala chipewa kapena kugwiritsa ntchito ambulera ndikufuna mthunzi kuti muchepetse kufotokoza.
Ndikofunika kunena kachiwiri: musadalire pawindo la dzuwa koma chitani njira zina zotetezera dzuwa .
Pa nthawi yomweyi, vitamini D yomwe imapezeka ku dzuwa ingakhale chiwopsezo cha khansa ya khansa. Funsani dokotala wanu kuti ayang'ane mlingo wanu wa vitamini D, ndipo funsani maulendo ngati msinkhu wanu uli wotsika. Zapezeka kuti anthu ambiri alibe vitamini (omwe amachititsa ngati hormone) komanso kusowa kwawo kungawononge ena khansa. Pomaliza, kudya zakudya zabwino ndi kuchita masewero olimbitsa thupi n'kofunika, monga momwe zilili ndi matenda a khansa.
Zotsatira:
National Cancer Institute. Kuchiza Mankhwala a Melanoma - Othandiza Odwala (PDQ). Kusinthidwa 02/02/16.