Kodi Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo Angathe Kukhala Khansa Yowonongeka?
Kodi ndondomeko ya pulmonary yokhayokha ndi yotani, ndipo ndi mwayi wotani ndi khansa?
Chaka chilichonse ku US, anthu oposa 150,000 adzauzidwa kuti ali ndi digule yodzipatula yokha, ndipo izi zikuyembekezeka kuwonjezeka pamene anthu ambiri ali ndi mayeso oyeza kansa ya m'mapapo . Kodi zikutanthauzanji ngati mutapezeka kuti muli ndi ndulu yokha ya pulmonary?
Zokambirana zapadera zokhazikika: Tanthauzo
Nkhumba yokhayokha ya pulmonary imatanthauzidwa ngati nkhono imodzi (yosadziwika) yomwe imawoneka pa x-ray kapena CT scan, yomwe ili yosachepera kapena yofanana ndi masentimita atatu mulimita.
Ngati "malo" pamapapo ndi aakulu kuposa masentimita atatu amachitidwa ngati mapapo . Mphunoyi imakhala ndi minofu yachibadwa, ndipo palibe zizindikilo zomwe zinganene kuti khansara (monga mitsempha yowonjezera kapena kuthamanga kwapakati) alipo. Mitsempha yotsekemera imapezeka nthawi zambiri pamene x-ray yachitidwa chifukwa china. Zili zachizoloŵezi, zopezeka pa pafupifupi 1 pa 500 chifuwa cha-ray.
Ngati zowonjezereka zimakhalapo, zomwe zingayambitse ndikuyesa mayesero zingakhale zosiyana. Phunzirani zambiri za zomwe zimayambitsa ndi kuyesa mitsempha yambiri ya pulmonary .
Kodi N'zotheka Bwanji Chifukwa Chokhalira Osungulumwa Kwaokha?
Pali zifukwa zambiri zomwe zimayambitsa mitsempha yokha ya pulmonary (SPN), zina zimakhala zofala kwambiri malinga ndi zaka komanso malo. Ena mwa awa ndi awa:
- Khansa ya m'mimba: Khansara yamapapo oyambirira ikhoza kupereka ngati SPN. Khansara yamapapo ikamapezeka pa siteji iyi, mwayi wochiritsidwa ndi wapamwamba kwambiri kuposa momwe iwo amachitira mtsogolo.
- Khansa zina: Khansara ya Metastatic ya khansa m'madera ena a thupi, kapena malimphini angasonyeze kuti ndi mapulaneti okhaokha, ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri pamatenda amatha kuphatikizapo mitsempha yambiri ya pulmonary.
- Matenda (atsopano ndi achikulire): Matenda a bakiteriya monga chifuwa chachikulu, matenda a fungalomu monga blastomycosis, histoplasmosis, coccidiomycosis, ndi cryptococcosis, komanso matenda a parasitic monga dirofilariasis ndi ascariasis angayambitse SPN.
- Matenda a chifuwa chachikulu: Matenda monga nyamakazi ya nyamakazi , sarcoidosis , ndi Wegener granulomatosis zingachititse SPN.
- Mavuto okhudzana ndi matendawa: Mitsempha, ndi chitukuko chosasintha cha mitsempha ndi mitsempha m'mapapu (AV malformations) angayambitse mitsempha ya pulmonary yokha.
Izi ndizigawo zochepa chabe zomwe zingayambitse chotupa chodzipatula. Phunzirani zambiri za zomwe zingayambitse mitsempha yamapapu .
Kodi N'zotheka Bwanji Kuti Pulogalamu Yamakono Yodzipatula Ndi Nkhungu?
Zowonjezereka, mwayi wokhala ndi mapepala okhaokha ndi khansa ndi pafupifupi 40 peresenti, koma izi zimasiyana kwambiri kwa anthu payekha malinga ndi zinthu zingapo. Izi zikuphatikizapo:
- Zaka: Kwa achinyamata, SPN imakhala yowonongeka , pamene, pa anthu a zaka zoposa 50, amakhala oopsa kwambiri (khansa).
- Kusuta fodya: Mbiri ya kusuta imayambitsa mwayi wakuti SPN ndi yoipa.
- Mbiri ya khansa: Kukhala ndi mbiri ya mtundu uliwonse wa khansara kumapangitsa kuti SPN ndi khansa.
- Kumalo komwe kuli malo / maulendo akunja: Kumadera a dziko lapansi kumene matendawa ali ofala, SNP imatha kukhala chifukwa cha matenda.
- Kukula: Kukula kwakukulu kwa SPN, ndikosavuta kukhala ndi khansa.
- Maonekedwe a SPN pa x-rayi: Mphuno yapamwamba yomwe imayang'ana pozungulira ndi yosavuta pa x-ray nthawi zambiri imakhala yonyozeka, pamene izo zomwe zimawoneka zosasintha zimakhala zovuta kwambiri. Pali zowonjezereka zina zomwe akatswiri a zaumoyo amafufuza kuti zitsimikizire kuti mwayi wa SPN ndi woipa kapena ayi.
N'chiyani Chimachitika Dokotala Wanga Akamapeza Nodule Yodzipatula?
Mukapeza SPN, chinthu choyamba chimene dokotala akufuna kuchita ndi kufufuza kuti muwone ngati muli ndi chifuwa chakale kapena ma CT omwe angakuyerekezere ndi mayesero anu. SPN zomwe sizinasinthe pa kukula kwa zaka ziwiri zimaonedwa kuti ndizowonongeka ndipo sizikusowa zofunikira zowonjezera.
Ngati mulibe chifuwa cham'mbuyo, kapena ngati mimba ikuoneka ikukula, pali njira zingapo zomwe zingaganizidwe. Ena mwa awa ndi awa:
- Kuwonetsetsa: Ngati SNP imakhala yowonongeka, kutsatira izi ndi kubwereza x-ray / CT scani zingakonzedwe.
- Bwerezani zowonongeka: Nthawi iliyonse pamene mayesero azachipatala amatha, pali mwayi kuti zotsatirazo ziri zolakwika. Nthawi zina mthunzi, kapena momwe mumakhalira pamene x-ray yatha, zimawoneka ngati pali chinachake apo pomwe palibe. Kubwereza chiyeso pofuna kutsimikizira kuti nkhonya ilipo ndithu ikhoza kuyankhidwa.
- Kuyezetsa kwina: Kuphatikiza zotsatira za chifuwa cha x-ray kapena CT kuyesa ndi mayeso ena, monga PET scan , ingathandize dokotala wanu kumvetsa ngati chiguduli ndi chinachake chodetsa nkhaŵa. Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti chifuwa chachikulu chimatha kuphonya khansa , ndipo ngati pali mwayi uliwonse kuti SPN ikhale yoipa, dokotala wanu adzalangiza CT scan (kapena mukhoza kufunsa ngati sinalamulidwe.)
- Chiwopsezo: Njira yokhayo yodziwira bwino ngati SNP ndi yowonongeka kapena yoipa ndiyo kupeza minofu yambiri yomwe ingakhoze kufufuzidwa ndi makina oonera zinthu. Malingana ndi malo a SNP, zosankha zomwe zingakhale zoyenera zikuphatikizapo bronchoscopy , zabwino zokhudzana ndi singano (FNA) , opaleshoni yowonongeka ndi mavidiyo (VATS), kapena njira yotsegula m'mapapo kudzera ku thoracotomy. Phunzirani zambiri za kumvetsetsa mapapu anu .
Mankhwala Odzipatula Okhaokha pa Kuyeza Khansa Kwambiri
Ndi chivomerezo ndi kupezeka kwowonjezereka kwa kansa ya mapaipi ya CT, ndiye kuti mitsempha yokha ya pulmonary yokhayokha idzadziwika kwambiri. Izi zimayambitsa vuto lodziŵa nthawi zina, ndipo kafukufuku waposachedwapa amachititsa kuti njira zochepa zowonongeka, monga mankhwala abwino a singano, zingakhale zopindulitsa kwambiri zomwe PET imazifufuza (zomwe sizingapereke mankhwala a minofu) ndi njira zina zowonongeka.
Ngati SPN yanu itapezeka pa kanema ya mapapu, phunzirani zambiri za momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito nthendayi ngati mukudwala kansa kapena ayi.
> Zotsatira:
> Bai, C., Choi, C., Chu, C. ndi al. Kufufuza kwa Makhalidwe Ovomerezeka: Njira Zogwiritsira Ntchito Zipangizo Zogwirira Ntchito ku Asia. Chifuwa . 2016. 150 (4): 877-893.
> National Institute of Health. Medline Plus. Pulmonary Nodule. Kusinthidwa 08/1/17. https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000071.htm
> Yang, W., Jiang, H., Khan, A. ndi al. Transthoracic Needle Aspiration mu Solitary Pulmonary Nodule. Kafukufuku Wofufuza za Khansa Yamasulidwe . 2017. 6 (1): 76-85.