Zinthu zomwe zimakhudza moyo kuyembekezera mu chisamaliro
Nyumba za achikulire nthawi zambiri zimaganiziridwa ngati njira yomaliza, koma nthawi zina zofunikira, kuti zisamalire anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a maganizo . Anthu ambiri amafuna kukhala kunyumba kwa nthawi yaitali, ndipo ena amafunsanso mabanja awo kuti asawatumize kunyumba yosungirako okalamba. Chimodzi chowopa ndi chakuti wokondedwa akhoza kuchepa, ndipo potsirizira pake afe, mofulumira ku chipinda kuposa momwe angakhalire kunyumba.
Kodi izi ndi zolondola?
Yankho lalifupi: Zimadalira. Yankho lalitali? Pali zofukufuku zochepa pafunso ili, koma pali zinthu zina zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepa ndi imfa yomwe imakhala yovuta kwambiri.
Kufufuza Kwambiri
Malingana ndi chiwerengero chomwe chinapangidwa mu 2017, matenda a Alzheimer ndi matenda ovutika maganizo ndi omwe amachititsa imfa ku United States. Choncho, kodi anthu omwe ali ndi chifuwa chachikulu chaumtima amamwalira?
Kafukufuku wina wofalitsidwa mu Journal of the American Geriatrics Society anaphatikiza oposa akuluakulu 4,000 omwe adaphunzira kwa zaka pafupifupi zisanu. Ochita kafukufukuyu anapeza kuti imfa ya anthu omwe adawapeza ndipo anapeza kuti pafupifupi theka (46%) mwa anthu omwe ali ndi chifuwa chachikulu chakumfayo anafera kunyumba, pomwe 19 peresenti anali ku nyumba yosungirako anthu okalamba ndipo 35% anaikidwa m'chipatala akamwalira.
Komabe, kafukufuku wakale wofalitsidwa mu 2005 anapeza kuti 2/3 ya imfa zokhudzana ndi umutu waumphawi zinachitikira kunyumba yosungirako okalamba.
Phunziro lachitatu kuyambira chaka cha 2013 linasanthula anthu 378 ogwira ntchito panyumba ya okalamba ndipo anapeza kuti omwe ali ndi matenda a Alzheimer's - poyerekeza ndi omwe ali ndi mitundu ina ya matenda a maganizo ndi omwe ali ndi matenda a mtima - adapulumuka kwa nthawi yaitali.
Zomwe akupezazi zikuwoneka ngati zosamvetsetseka poyamba koma zingathe kufotokozedwa pozindikira kuti nyumba zosungirako okalamba ndikusamalira anthu omwe akudwala kwambiri tsopano kuposa kale, kotero kuti mwina omwe ali ndi zinthu zina osati za Alzheimer akhoza kukhala ndi moyo wosachepera.
Zinthu Zogwirizana ndi Kuopsa Kwambiri kwa Imfa mu Chifuwa cha Dementia
Ngakhale kuti n'zovuta kupeza kafufuzidwe kamene kamakamba kumene anthu omwe ali ndi chifuwa chachikulu cha imfa adzafera mofulumira, pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe zakhala zikugwirizana ndi moyo wautali muumtima waumtima.
Zina mwa izi ndi izi:
- Kukhala olemera kwambiri: N'zosadabwitsa kuti, ngakhale mapaundi oposa omwe ali pakati pa zaka zapakati pazaka zapitazi amachulukitsa chiopsezo chathu chokhala ndi matenda a 'dementia', mapaundi owonjezereka kwa anthu achikulire omwe ali ndi matenda a 'dementia' akukhudzidwa ndi kuchepa kwa imfa m'mabanja okalamba. Kulemera kwa kulemera kwa chifuwa chaumtima, ngakhale anthu omwe ali olemetsa, ayenera kuwonedwa ndi nkhawa chifukwa cha mgwirizano umenewu ndi chiopsezo cha imfa.
- Kuchepetsa Mankhwala Opatsirana Opaleshoni Ophatikizidwa ndi Mapulogalamu Otsitsirana Pakati pa Anthu : Pali mphamvu yochepetsera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oletsa antipsychotic kwa anthu odwala matenda a maganizo m'mabanja okalamba, ndipo monga mtundu, tapita patsogolo kwambiri m'dera lino. Komabe, kafukufuku wina akuti sikokwanira. Iwo adapeza kuti kuchepetsa kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamodzi ndi kupereka kwa chiyanjano chochulukitsa kwa anthu kumaphunziro. Kuchepetsa mankhwala osokoneza bongo popanda kuwonjezera njira zina kunachititsa kuwonjezeka kwa makhalidwe ovuta ndi malingaliro okhudzana ndi chifuwa chaumphawi ndipo sizinapangitse kuti phindu likhale lopulumuka.
- Kuchiza kwabwino kwa zizindikiro za makhalidwe ndi maganizo a Dementia : Kuphunzira kwina kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a maganizo m'mabanja okalamba amayerekezera chiwerengero cha anthu omwe amalandira mankhwala osokoneza bongo kwa omwe akulandira mankhwala opatsirana pogonana. Iwo adapeza kuti imfa siinakhudzidwe ngati palibe munthu amene akumwa mankhwala kapena mankhwala omwe adalandira, koma ngati mankhwalawa akuwongolera bwino BPSD. Mwachilankhulo china, anthu m'magulu onse awiri (omwe ali ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana ndi omwe ali ndi antipsychotics) akhala ndi moyo nthawi yaitali ngati makhalidwe awo ndi zizindikiro za m'maganizo za chiwerewere chakumverera bwino ndi mankhwala.
Zinthu Zowonjezereka ndi Mowonjezereka Woopsa wa Imfa mu Chizungu
Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, kafukufuku wathandiza kuti munthu amene ali ndi matenda a maganizo aumphawi afe.
- Delirium : Kukhalapo kwa delirium mwa anthu omwe ali ndi chifuwa chachikulu chakhudzana ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha imfa. Chifukwa chimodzi chofala cha delirium ndi matenda.
- Kugwa ndi Hip Fractures : Anthu omwe ali ndi chifuwa chachikulu chaumtima ali ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha kugwa ndi kuphulika kwa mapiko, ndipo chiopsezo chimenecho chimakhudzidwa ndi ngozi yowonjezera yakufa.
- Zilonda zolimbana ndi matenda: Decubitus zilonda (zomwe zimatchedwanso "zilonda zamabedi" zimapangitsa kuti anthu omwe ali ndi chifuwa chaumphaŵi aziopsezedwa.
- Kulephera kupanga ADLs : Pamene dementia ikupita, kuthekera kugwira ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku monga kuvala, kusamba, kudya kapena kuyenda kumachepa. Uku kuchepa kukugwirizana ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha kufa.
- Chibayo : Kukulitsa chibayo kumayambitsa chiopsezo chachikulu cha imfa mwa anthu omwe ali ndi chifuwa chachikulu.
- Zaka : Kukhala ndi zaka 85 kapena kuposerapo kumakhudzidwa ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha imfa kuchokera ku matenda a Alzheimer's.
Zotsatira:
> Ballard, C., Orrell, M., YongZhong, et al. (2016). Zotsatira za Antipsychotic Review and Nonpharmacological Intervention on Antipsychotic Use, Symptoms Neuropsychiatric, ndi Imfa mwa Anthu Amene Ali ndi Dementia Kukhala M'nyumba Zachikulire: Cholinga cha Cluster-Randomized Controled Trial ndi Well-Being and Health for People With Dementia (WHELD) Program. Journal Journal of Psychiatry , 173 (3), pp.252-262.
> Cereda, E., Pedrolli, C., Zagami, A., Vanotti, A., Piffer, S., Faliva, M., Rondanelli, M. ndi Caccialanza, R. (2013). Matenda a Alzheimer ndi anthu omwe amafa chifukwa cha chithandizo cha nthawi yaitali. Mabuku a Gerontology ndi Geriatrics , 56 (3), pp.437-441.
> de Souto Barreto, P., Cadroy, Y., Kelaiditi, E., Vellas, B. ndi Rolland, Y. (2017). Kuwerengera kwa chiwerengero cha thupi la anthu okalamba omwe ali ndi matenda ovutika maganizo omwe amakhala m'mabanja okalamba. Zakudya Zamakono, 36 (2), pp.423-428.
> Hicks, K., Rabins, P. ndi Black, B. (2010). Zomwe Zidzakhala Zosamalidwa za Imfa M'nyumba Zachikulire Anthu Okhala ndi Maganizo Owonjezereka. Magazini ya American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementiasr , 25 (5), pp.439-445.
> Huang, T., Wei, Y., Moyo, P., Harris, I., Lucas, J. ndi Simon-Wastila, L. (2015). Zizindikiro za makhalidwe ndi imfa pa Medicare Zopindulitsa M'nyumba Zachikulire ndi Matenda a Alzheimer ndi Matenda Ogwirizana. Journal ya American Geriatrics Society , 63 (9), pp.1757-1765.
> Mitchell, S., Miller, S., et al. (2010). Chida cha Advanced Dementia Prognostic Tool: Chowopseza Chowopsya Chokhazikika Pamoyo Wachikulire Anthu okhala ndi Advanced Dementia. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management , 40 (5), pp.639-651.
> Seitz, D., Gill, S., Gruneir, A., et al .. (2014). Zotsatira za Dementia pa Zotsatira Zopanda Ntchito za Achikulire Odala Ndi Hip Fractures: Phunziro la Anthu. Journal ya Association American Directors Association , 15 (5), pp.334-341.