Chitetezo Pamene Mukusamalira Banja Kapena Thanzi Mavuto
Msonkhano wa Kuchokera kwa Banja ndi Zamankhwala wa 1993 (FMLA ) umagwira ntchito kwa ogwira ntchito omwe ali ndi antchito omwe ali ndi antchito 50 kapena kuposa omwe amakhala kumtunda wa makilomita 75 kuchokera kuntchito. Antchito ovomerezeka akhoza kupita kumalo odwala kwambiri, monga matenda okhudzana ndi kachirombo ka HIV , kapena kusamalira wodwala omwe ali ndi matenda aakulu, kuphatikizapo HIV
Oyenerera ogwira ntchito ali ndi ufulu wokwanira ma sabata khumi ndi awiri (12) ofesi yodzitetezera, yopanda malipiro pa nthawi iliyonse ya miyezi 12. Kuti ayenerere, wogwira ntchito ayenera kuti anali ndi abwana kwa miyezi yosachepera 12 ndipo agwira ntchito maola oposa 1,250.
Zolinga zoyenera za kuchoka pansi pa FMLA zikuphatikizapo:
- Matenda aumwini kapena a pabanja
- Mimba ndi chisamaliro chithandizo
- Kusamalira mwana watsopano kapena mwana wothandizira ana
- Gulu la ankhondo kuchoka chifukwa cha matenda aakulu a membala wothandizira
FMLA idasindikizidwa ndi Pulezidenti Bill Clinton pa February 5, 1993 ndipo idakhazikika pa August 5, 1993.
Chitetezo Chogonjetsedwa Pansi pa FMLA
FMLA imalola munthu wogwira ntchito woyenerera kuti apitirize kulumikiza dongosolo la thanzi la gulu pamene akuchoka. Pobwerera kuchokera kuntchito, wogwira ntchitoyo ayenera kubwezeretsedwa kumalo omwewo kapena malo ofanana ndi malipiro ofanana, mapindu ndi machitidwe ogwira ntchito.
Zitetezero izi, komabe, sizimayikidwa kwathunthu mu miyala.
Ngakhale anthu omwe atchulidwa kuti "ogwira ntchito kwambiri" - amadziwika kuti ndi "mmodzi mwa omwe amapatsidwa ndalama zambiri" 10% mwa antchito "mkati mwa makilomita 75 a bizinesi - ali ndi ufulu wopuma, olemba ntchito safunikanso kubwezeretsa munthuyo mofanana udindo ngati chitukuko chimachititsa "kuvulaza kwakukulu kwachuma" kuntchito.
Ngati bwana atasankha kukana wogwira ntchitoyo kapena malo ofanana, chidziwitso chiyenera kuperekedwa mwa kulemba.
Kuzindikira Kuzindikiritsidwa Kungakhale Kofunikira
Kuti anthu omwe ali ndi kachirombo ka HIV apemphere chitetezo cha FMLA, kuwululidwa kwa chidziwitso chawo chachipatala kungafunike. Olemba ntchito safunikanso kupereka chithandizo chamankhwala chopanda malipiro pansi pa FMLA ngati sakudziwa za olumala kapena matenda aakulu.
Ngati wogwira ntchito akuganiza kuti adziwe momwe aliri ndi kachilombo ka HIV, Amishonale Achilemala Achilamulo a 1990 (ADA ) amawauza kuti antchito sangasankhe "munthu woyenera kulemala," kuphatikizapo HIV. Izi zikuphatikizapo kuwombera munthu wina chifukwa cha zolema zenizeni kapena zowoneka, kusankhana ndi antchito ena, kapena kuzunzika kotengera kulemala.
Kuonjezera apo, lamulo la Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA), lokhazikitsidwa ndi Congress mu 1996, limatsimikiziranso kuti ufulu wachinsinsi umapititsa ku chidziwitso cha thanzi la munthu. Zikakhala kuti bwana akufuna zolemba za matenda kapena kulemala, wothandizira zaumoyo wa ogwira ntchito kapena kampani ya inshuwalansi ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito njira zotetezera kuti apereke uthengawo mobisa momwe angathere komanso ndi chiwerengero chochepa chazomwe akufunikira.
Ngati chinsinsi chikuphwanyidwa , wogwira ntchitoyo angathe kutenga milandu ndikudandaula ndi Office of Civil Rights '(OCR). Zikakamizo ziyenera kutumizidwa mkati mwa masiku 180 ophwanya malamulo ndipo zikhoza kutumizidwa pamagetsi, positi kapena fax kwa OCR Regional Manager.
Zomwe Tingachite Ngati Tasiya Kutha Koyenera
Msonkhano Wopereka Maholo a Ogwira Ntchito ku United States (WHD) ndi udindo wothandizira malamulo ambiri a chitetezo cha ogwira ntchito, kuphatikizapo FMLA.
Ngati muli ndi mafunso kapena madandaulo, mungathe kulankhulana ndi WHD pa 866-487-9243 kapena imelo imelo pa intaneti. Mudzapita ku ofesi ya WHD yoyandikana nayo kuti muwathandize.
> Zotsatira:
> US Department of Labor. "Gawo lolipira malipiro ndi ola limodzi (WHD): Chigamulo cha Kuchokera kwa Ana ndi Zamankhwala." Washington, DC; inapezeka pa December 22, 2015.
> Atchinson, B. ndi Fox, D. (May-June 1997). "Politics Of The Health Insurance Portability Act ." Health Affairs. May-June 1997; 16 (3): 146-150.
> Government Government Printing Office. "Health Insurance Portability ndi Accountability Act wa 1996: Lamulo la Public 104-191 / 104th Congress." Washington, DC; August 21, 1996; DocID: f: publ191.104.