Diabetic Ketoacidosis

Zizindikiro, Chithandizo, ndi Kuteteza

Chimodzi mwa mavuto ambiri a shuga ndi chinachake chotchedwa shuga ketoacidosis (DKA). Kawirikawiri amapezeka ndi mtundu wa shuga 1 ndipo kawirikawiri ndi chizindikiro choyamba cha mtundu wa shuga woyamba. DKA imachitika ngati thupi liribe pang'ono kapena palibe insulini yogwiritsira ntchito ndipo, motero, shuga ya magazi imayamba kuopsa ndipo magazi amatha.

Kodi Zimatheka Bwanji?

Insulini ndi ma hormone omwe amathandiza kutengera shuga kapena shuga m'maselo a thupi kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito mphamvu.

Ngati mulibe insulini, shuga imakhalabe m'magazi ndi shuga m'magazi kuti zikhale zoopsa. Amayambitsa matenda oopsa a shuga (shuga wambiri wamagazi) , zomwe zimabweretsa mavuto. Pamene shuga ya magazi ikupitiriza kukula, thupi limalowa mu "vuto la mphamvu" ndipo limayamba kutaya mafuta osungidwa ngati magetsi ena. Pamene mafuta amagwiritsidwa ntchito mphamvu, ketoni zimatulutsidwa ndipo ngati ketone ikukwera, magazi amayamba kuwonjezeka.

Magazi a m'magazi amatha kupitirira ku ketosis ( kumanga ketoni ) m'thupi. Ketosis ikhoza kutsogolera ku acidosis, yomwe ndi mkhalidwe umene magazi ali ndi acid kwambiri. Izi zikachitika zimadziwika kuti ketoacidosis. Izi ndizodzidzidzi zamankhwala ndipo ayenera kuchiritsidwa mwamsanga ndi akatswiri azachipatala.

Zimayambitsa

• Kuyambira mwadzidzidzi kwa mtundu wa shuga woyamba.
• Matenda ambiri monga matenda a chibayo kapena matenda a mkodzo. Kutenga kumayambitsa msinkhu wa "nkhawa" mahomoni, monga cortisol ndi epinephrine, zomwe zimayambitsa ma shuga m'magazi.

• Ngati wina sachita zinthu zofunikira kuti asamadzipangitse magazi kapena sangathe kupeza insulini kapena mankhwala ena omwe angakhale pangozi ya DKA.
• Insulini mpweya wosagonjetsa ukhoza kutsogolera DKA. Ngati munthu sakudziwa kuti mpweya wawo wasiya kuika insulini, maselo a shuga akhoza kufulumira.

• Ana omwe akula msinkhu akhoza kukhala ndi kusintha kwa endocrine komwe kungasinthe mazira a shuga ndi mphamvu ya insulini.

Zizindikiro ndi Zizindikiro

Zizindikiro zoyang'anira sizimveka nthawi zonse. Iwo akhoza kuyamba pang'onopang'ono ndipo akhoza kulakwitsa chifukwa cha matenda ena. Kawirikawiri, ana ochepa sawonetsa zizindikiro zakuda za DKA.

Zizindikiro Zakale:

• Kumva kutopa kapena kutopa
• Kumva ludzu komanso / kapena kukodza kwambiri
• Zizindikiro za kuchepa kwa madzi monga madzi ouma

Zizindikiro Zotsatira:

• Kutaya thupi
• Kusuta / kusanza
• Kupweteka m'mimba
• Kusokonezeka
• Kuthamanga, kozama, kupuma molimbika (kupuma kwa Kussmaul)
• Mpweya umene umamva fruity
• Fever
• Kusadziŵa

Chithandizo

Kuchiza DKA kumatanthauza thandizo lachipatala. Ndikofunika kutaya madzi m'thupi chifukwa chotsitsiramo madzi omwe ataya, kotero mankhwala ochuluka a IV angagwiritsidwe ntchito. Kusiyanitsa kwa electrolyte kuyenera kukonzedwa ndi mankhwala a insulini ayenera kuyamba kuyambitsanso hyperglycemia. Zonsezi ziyenera kuchitidwa poyang'anitsitsa kuchipatala mosamala.

Kupewa

Pamene Mudwala:

• Khalani ndi dongosolo pa nthawi yomwe mukudwala .
• Yang'anani shuga wa magazi maola atatu kapena anayi pa nthawi ya matenda. Ngati shuga wamagazi imakula (kawirikawiri kuposa 250 mg / dl), yang'anani mobwerezabwereza ndikuyang'ana ketoni mu mkodzo wanu.
• Pa nthawi ya matenda, onetsetsani kuti mumamwa zakumwa zambiri zopanda shuga, zamadzimadzi. Ngakhale ngati mukudwala m'mimba mwanu, yesetsani kuchepetsa madzi pang'ono pafupipafupi. Ngati shuga lanu la magazi liposa 250 mg / dl, musadye kapena kumwa zakumwa zamadzimadzi kapena madzi.

• Musayambe kutenga insulini yanu pamene mukudwala, ngakhale simukudya. Kambiranani ngati insulini mlingo ayenera kusintha ndi dokotala wanu.
• Lembani nambala yosavuta ya dokotala, ngati mukufunika kuyitanira.

Kupewa DKA Osagwirizana ndi Matenda:

• Ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito insulini yopopera, yang'anani nthawi zambiri kuti muwone bwino kuti ikugwira bwino ntchito komanso ikupatsa insulini.
• Yang'anani shuga wa magazi nthawi zambiri tsiku lonse, kawirikawiri kanayi patsiku.
• Imwani zakumwa zambiri zopanda shuga.
• Kambiranani za chithandizo cha mankhwala ndi dokotala wanu. Simukufuna kudumpha mankhwala a insulin kapena kumwa mankhwala, koma dokotala wanu angafune kusintha zina. A

_Zotsatira:

_{Cohen, Anita Stanziale MSN, RN, CS, CDE; ndi Edelstein, Elaine L. MS, RN, CDE. "Masiku Odwala Matenda a Kachipatala Komwe Akudwala Matenda a Shuga". Namwino Waumoyo wa Pakhomo Vol 23, Number 11.Nov 2005 717-724.}

_{Carroll MD, Mary F; Schade MD, David S. "Mafunso 10 Ofunika Kwambiri Okhudza Kachilombo Ketoacidosis." Mankhwala Osindikizira Maphunziro Apamwamba pa Vol 110, Number 5, Nov 2001.}

_{"Pamene Shuga Yamagazi Ndi Yaikulu Kwambiri." Achinyamata Amankhwala. July 2005. Nemours Foundation.}