Maselowa ndi ofunika kwambiri kuti adziwe matenda
Mu biology ndi mankhwala, chokwanira "-kuphulika" amatanthauza maselo akulu omwe amadziwika ngati maselo oyambirira kapena maselo osabisa. Mutha kukhala ndi kuphulika kumene kumapereka mitundu yonse ya maselo osiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, mitsempha ya mitsempha imayambitsa maselo a mitsempha ndipo mafinysi amachititsa maselo ambiri. Mofanana ndi maselo a mitsempha ndi mafuta omwe amachokera ku maselo oyambirira a maselo, maselo a magazi amachokera ku maselo osapanga magazi, kapena kuphulika, m'mafupa.
Maselo amagazi amapangidwa mosalekeza kuti athetse m'malo awo omwe atha msinkhu kapena okalamba.
Kotero, nchifukwa ninji kuli kofunika kudziwa za kuphulika? Makamaka, maselo a mafupa a mafupa?
Tonsefe tili ndi kuphulika. Ndipotu, tinayambira ngati kuphulika, blastocyst kukhala yeniyeni - mitsempha ya maselo yomwe inagawanika mokwanira kuti ikhale khanda. Chofunika kwambiri kudziwa ndi chakuti maonekedwe a mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zinthu zosayembekezereka za thupi kapena chitukuko cha kuphulika kwachilendo kungakhale chizindikiro cha matenda kapena khansara.
Mabokosi a mafupa Amaseli Maselo
Mu mitsempha yathanzi, maselo opanga magazi omwe amadziwika kuti maselo a m'magazi amapangidwa kukhala maselo ofiira a magazi, maselo oyera a magazi, ndi maplatele kudzera mu njira yotchedwa hematopoiesis . Izi zimachitika m'moyo wanu wonse. Selo ya tsinde imasankha njira ya chitukuko kukhala imodzi mwa mizere iwiri, selo la lymphoid kapena myeloid cell line. Mu myeloid cell line, mawu akuti "kuphulika maselo" amatanthauza myeloblasts kapena myeloid blasts.
Awa ndiwo maselo oyambirira kwambiri komanso amchere a myeloid cell.
Ngakhale maselo a myeloid cell mzere amapanga pafupifupi 85 peresenti ya maselo mu fupa la mafuta, osachepera 5 peresenti mu fupa la fupa ayenera kuphulika maselo.
Myeloblasts imayambitsa maselo oyera a magazi . Banja la maselo oyera a magazi limaphatikizapo neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils ndi monocytes, ndi macrophages.
Kukhalapo kwa myeloblasts imeneyi komwe kumapezeka m'magazi kungakhale chizindikiro chofunikira cha matenda ena monga acute myelogenous leukemia ndi myelodylasticlastic syndromes.
Matenda a Myeloblast
Pankhani ya myelogenous leukemia (AML) ndi myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) , pali kuwonjezereka kwa myeloblasts. Maselowa sangathe kukula m'maselo oyera.
Mitsempha yambiri ya khansa ya m'magazi ndi mtundu wa khansara womwe umapita ndi mayina angapo, monga myelocytic leukemia, myelogenous leukemia yoopsa, yovuta granulocytic khansa ya m'magazi, yovuta yodwala yodwala khansa ya m'magazi, kapena nthawi zina AML. Amakonda kwambiri anthu okalamba. Matenda ambiri a AML amapangidwa kuchokera ku maselo omwe angasanduke maselo oyera a magazi kupatulapo ma lymphocytes, komabe, ziwalo zina za AML zimakhala ndi mitundu ina ya maselo opanga magazi.
Myelodysplastic syndrome ndi gulu la mavuto omwe amakhudza kupanga maselo atsopano a magazi mu mafupa. Mu matendawa, mafupa amachititsa maselo osadziwika omwe amalephera kukula bwino ndipo sangathe kugwira ntchito.
Kuphulika kosasintha kumeneku kumayamba kutenga mafupa ndi kuteteza kupanga nambala yokwanira ya mitundu ina ya maselo, monga mapuloletsiti, maselo ofiira a magazi, ndi maselo oyera a magazi oyera.
Ndipotu, kupanga mpweya wa khansa kungakhale kotere kwambiri moti maselo aamuna amatha kutuluka m'magazi n'kukayenda. Kukhalapo kwa maselo ophulika pamagazi athunthu (CBC) kotero ndikulingalira kwambiri za khansa ya m'magazi. Kuphulika kwa maselo sikupezeka kawirikawiri m'magazi ozungulira omwe ali ndi thanzi labwino.
> Zotsatira:
> American Cancer Society. Kodi Matenda a Myeloid Acutewa Bwanji? February 22, 2016.
> Larson RA, Le Beau MM. Kugonjetsa ndi Kupatsirana Pamene Mtheradi Promyelocytic Leukemia ndi Zina "Zowopsa Kwambiri" Zovuta za Myeloid Leukemias Zimakhala ngati Myeloid Neoplasm Yophatikizapo Mankhwala. Mediterranean Journal ya Hematology ndi Matenda Opatsirana . 2011; 3 (1): e2011032.
> Zahid MF, Parnes A, Savani BN, Litzow MR, Hashmi SK. Zophatikizana ndi myeloid-neoplasms zokhudzana ndi mankhwala - kodi taphunzira chiyani pakali pano? World Journal of Stem Maselo . 2016; 8 (8): 231-242.
> "Kukambitsirana kwakukulu kwa Hematopoiesis ndi Immunology: Zopweteka kwa Othandizira Opaleshoni Wachimake wa Hematopoietic" ku Ezzone, S. (2004) Kupanga Mavitanidwe a Madzi Amadzimadzi: Buku Lopereka Chithandizo cha Achipatala ku Pittsburgh, PA (pp.1- 12).