Khungu limapangidwa ndi zigawo zitatu:
- epidermis
- dermis
- The hypodermis (yomwe imatchedwanso minofu yapansi )
Epidermis (khungu lapamwamba kwambiri la khungu) ndi dongosolo lofunika kwambiri lomwe limapangitsa khungu lathu kutulutsa, pamene dermis (wosanjikizana pakati) ili ndi minofu yothandizira, tsitsi lopaka tsitsi, ndi matumbo a thukuta omwe amathandiza kuti thupi lathu likhale lokhulupirika ndi kutentha. The deep hypodermis amapangidwa ndi mafuta komanso zowonjezera kwambiri.
M'kati mwa epidermis, pali magulu anayi akuluakulu (otchedwa keratinocytes) omwe amathandiza khungu kukhala zothandizira, komanso chingwe chimodzi chokha kumalo osanjikizana ndi palmu. Keratinocytes mkati mwa epidermis imayamba kugawanika pansi, ndikukankhira maselo omwe ali kale pamwamba. Pamene maselo amasuntha, amapang'onopang'ono kenako amafa.
Stratum Basale
Choponderetsa pansi pa epidermis chimatchedwa stratum basale. Mndandandawu uli ndi mzere umodzi wa keratinocyte wofanana ndi maina omwe amatchedwa maselo a basal. Maselowa akugawaniza ndikusuntha maselo omwe apangidwa kale ku khungu. Monga maselo a basal akulowera kumtunda wapamwamba, adzaphwanyaphanso, kufa, ndi kuthiridwa kuti apange malo atsopano.
Ma Melanocytes , maselo omwe amabweretsa melanin (mtundu wa pigment umene umapatsa khungu lanu mtundu wake), amapezekanso pazomwezi.
Stratum Spinosum
Mzere wa spinosamu uli pamtunda wokha ndipo uli pafupi maselo asanu kapena asanu okha. Maselo amasunthira mu mpweya wa spinosamu (womwe umadziwika kuti prickle selo kapena squamous cell layer) mwachibadwa morph kuchokera ku mawonekedwe ake oyambirira mpaka kukhala polygonal (limodzi).
Maselo omwe ali m'kati mwake amachititsa keratin, mapuloteni omwe amachititsa khungu, tsitsi, ndi misomali kuuma kwawo ndi zinthu zosagonjetsedwa ndi madzi.
Stratum Granulosum
Maselo a stratum granulosum, kapena granular wosanjikiza, ataya mtima wawo ndipo amawoneka ngati maselo ofiira okhala ndi mdima wakuda wa zinthu zotchedwa cytoplasmic. Pali ntchito zambiri muzitalizi monga keratini mapuloteni ndi lipids amagwira ntchito limodzi kuti apange maselo ambiri omwe amachititsa chitetezo cha khungu.
Stratum Lucidum
Mzere wong'onoting'ono umakhalapo mu khungu lamtundu wa mitengo ya palmu. Ntchito yake yaikulu ndi kuchepetsa kukangana pakati pa stratum corneum ndi stratum granulosum. Dzinalo lokha limachokera ku Chilatini kuti "loyikira bwino," lomwe limatanthawuza kuwonetsetsa kwa maselo okha.
Stratum Corneum
Maselo okhala mu stratum corneum layer amadziwika kuti corneocytes (kapena maselo oopsa). Maselo amenewa agwedezeka ndipo amaonedwa ngati akufa. Makamaka amapangidwa ndi keratin mapuloteni, corneocytes amapereka mphamvu zolimba ku stratum corneum komanso zimathandiza kuti madzi amwe madzi. Zimateteza ngati mankhwala omwe angasokoneze maselo amoyo pansi pawo.
Chimake Cholimba cha Corneum
Mapangidwe a stratum corneum angawoneke ngati ophweka, koma amathandiza kwambiri kuti akhalebe osamalitsa. Sikuti zimangowonjezera kupanga maselo atsopano koma zimapangitsa thupi kuteteza mavairasi, mabakiteriya, majeremusi, ndi mtundu uliwonse wa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kapena poizoni.
> Chitsime
- > Kuthandizira P .; Kulimbana ndi M .; ndi Goodwin, C. "Anatomy ndi Physiology ya Khungu." Journal of Dermatology Nurses 'Association . 2011; 3 (4): 203-213.