Kumvetsa mankhwala ovuta komanso otetezeka kwambiri
Chifukwa chakuti kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi mphumu ndi matenda ambiri, zimakhala zachilendo kuti anthu azikhala ndi nthawi yomweyo. Ngakhale kuphatikiza izi sizowopsa kwambiri, zingathe kupereka mavuto ena ovuta. Chifukwa chakuti mankhwala ena othandiza kwambiri komanso ovomerezeka amadziwika kuti amachititsa kuti anthu omwe ali ndi mphumu zisawonongeke.
Matenda Ochepetsa Matenda Ochepetsa Matenda
Pakati pa mankhwala osiyanasiyana omwe amapezeka kuti azitha kuthamanga kwa magazi, beta blockers ndi mavitamini otembenuza angiotensin (ACE) amatha kukhala ndi vuto lalikulu kwa odwala a asthmatic.
Chifukwa Chake Beta-Oteteza Amakhala Ovuta
Ophwanya Beta akhoza kukhala ovuta chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa beta receptors pa ndime za kupuma. Ngakhale kutseka ntchito ya beta receptors pa mitsempha ya mthupi ndizofunika pamene mukuchiza kuthamanga kwambiri kwa magazi chifukwa zimayambitsa mitsempha ya magazi, kutsegula zotengera za beta pamapweya opuma kumapangitsa kuti mpweya uziwongolera ndipo zingabweretse mavuto.
Mankhwala a beta omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza magazi sakhala osankha, choncho sachita ntchito yabwino kusiyanitsa pakati pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitsempha pa mitsempha ya magazi ndi ndime za kupuma. Izi ndi zosiyana ndi beta-agonist kapena zolimbikitsa, mankhwala ogwiritsidwa ntchito pochizira mphumu, monga albuterol, yomwe imangowonjezera zokhazokha pazakupuma.
Beta-1-Selective Beta Blockers
Chifukwa chakuti mabotolowa amathandiza kwambiri pochiza kuthamanga kwa magazi, amayesetsa kukhazikitsa mabaibulo omwe amapanga ntchito yabwino yopezera pakati pa mitsempha ya magazi ndi ndime za kupuma. Mankhwalawa, omwe amatchedwa beta-1-selective blockers, akhala akuyesedwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mankhwala kuti apeze chitetezo chawo mwa odwala a asthmatic.
Mayesero ndi zamaphunziro a zachipatala asonyeza kuti ngakhale beta-1-blockers ndi otetezeka kwa odwala asthmatic, iwo adakali ndi chizoloŵezi chokhazikitsa ndime za kupuma mwa anthu ena. Pachifukwa ichi, ngakhale mankhwala ena osankhidwawa sakhala operekedwa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi mphumu.
Chifukwa chiyani ACE Inhibitors Angakhale Ovuta
Pamodzi ndi beta blockers, ACE inhibitors angabweretse mavuto ngati muli ndi mphumu. Imodzi mwa zotsatira zoyipa za ACE inhibitors ndi yopitirira, chifuwa chouma, chomwe chimapezeka mpaka 20 peresenti ya anthu. Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti chifuwachi chimachokera ku mtundu wa ntchito yopuma yotchedwa "mphumu yofanana," kutanthauza kuti ntchito mkati mwa mapewa amatsanzira zotsatira za mphumu. Ngakhale kuyang'ana kwakukulu kwa ACE zowonongeka sizowoneka mwa anthu omwe ali ndi mphumu, iwo awonetsedwa. Pazifukwa izi, ACE inhibitors nthawi zambiri saganiziridwa ngati mankhwala oyambirira (mankhwala oyambirira), ngakhale angagwiritsidwebe ntchito ngati dokotala wanu akuyang'anira mosamala zotsatira zake.
Mankhwala Ochepetsa Matenda Ochepetsa Matenda
Mankhwala ambiri ochizira matenda opatsirana ndi otetezeka kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito kwa odwala ali ndi mphumu, kuphatikizapo:
Mabala a calcium ndi ma ARB sizinapangidwe kuti zimayambitsa chiopsezo chowonjezeka kapena chachilendo ku odwala a asthmatic, ndipo mankhwalawa ndi osankhidwa bwino. Makina a calcium amayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito poyamba chifukwa cha kachitidwe kawo kautali ndi mtengo wotsika.
Diuretics Ingayambitse Potassium Potsika
Njira imodzi yothandizira odwala-odwala onse, osati okhawo omwe ali ndi mphumu-ndi otsika potaziyamu, wotchedwa hypokalemia. Ngakhale kuti odwala onse omwe amachiritsira matenda a diuretics ali ndi chiopsezo chokhala ndi hypokalemia, vutoli ndilopitirira ngati mutagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Mankhwala a mphumu amakhala ndi chizoloŵezi chokakamiza potaziyamu kunja kwa magazi anu ndi maselo anu, kumene sapezeka momasuka.
Chizoloŵezichi, kuphatikizapo chilengedwe cha potassium-sapping cha diuretics, chimatanthauza kuti ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito mitundu iwiri ya mankhwala panthawi imodzimodzi, muyenera kukhala ndi ma potaziyamu anu nthawi zonse. Kuwonjezera apo, dokotala wanu angakuike pa mlingo wochepa wa diuretic kuti muchepetse chiopsezo cha hypokalemia.
Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo Ambiri
Mankhwala ena okhudzidwa ndi matenda oopsa kwambiri amatengedwa kuti ndi otetezeka komanso osatetezeka kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito kwa anthu omwe ali ndi mphumu. Kawirikawiri, malo osadziwikawa ndi chifukwa chakuti mankhwalawa sanaphunzire mwachindunji mwa anthu omwe ali ndi mphamvu yambiri ya magazi ndi mphumu. Ndipotu ambiri mwa mankhwalawa, kuphatikizapo clonidine ndi hydralazine, samakonda kugwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza, zomwe zimapanga lingaliro la kufufuza momwe amagwiritsira ntchito pa odwala asayansi.
> Chitsime:
> Weinberger SE, Kaplan NM. Kuchiza kwa Kuthamanga kwa Mthupi mu Vhulo ndi COPD. Zaposachedwa. Idasinthidwa pa February 1, 2016.