Moyo wodwala shuga ukupitirizabe kusintha
Nkhani zowopsya zimakhudza kwambiri zomwe anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga angayembekezere: kuchotsedwa, khungu ndi mavuto ena aakulu. Koma, chifukwa cha kupita patsogolo kwa chisamaliro cha shuga m'zaka 40 zapitazi, nkhanizi zikhoza kukhala zokhazo - nkhani.
N'zotheka kuti munthu yemwe ali ndi shuga lero akhale ndi moyo wathanzi komanso wathanzi. Kupititsa patsogolo kuchipatala kwachititsa kuti matendawa asamakhale ovuta, ndipo atha kuchita zambiri.
Mbiri Yopita patsogolo yomwe imathandiza Odwala Odwala Matenda a Shuga
Kafukufuku wa shuga wagonjetsa chitukuko chachikulu monga insulin yofulumira komanso yogwira ntchito, odwala matenda a shuga, mapiritsi a magazi m'magazi komanso mapampu a insulini kuthandiza odwala matenda a shuga.
Pano pali ndondomeko ya zina mwazikuluzikulu zazaka makumi anayi zapitazo:
- Mu 1967, chithandizo cha laser cha retinopathy chinapangidwa. Izi zinasintha chisamaliro cha retinopathy - vuto la shuga limene nthawi zina limayambitsa khungu. Ma laser amadziŵa molondola mbali ya retina ndipo amathandiza kuthetsa vutoli, motero amapulumutsa munthu.
- Pambuyo pa 1969, panalibe njira yoti munthu amene ali ndi matenda a shuga ayese msanga wake wa shuga. Kenaka Ames Company inakonza mita ya Eyetone. Chipangizocho chinkalemera mapaundi atatu, mtengo wa madola 650 ndipo poyamba chinali kupezeka kwa madokotala. Chaka chotsatira, odwala angagule okha. Tsopano mamita a shuga amagazi ndi otsika mtengo kwambiri, kutalika kwa kulemera kwa kulemera ndi kupezeka mosavuta.
- Patapita zaka khumi, mu 1979, mayeso a A1C a hemoglobin anapangidwa. Mayesowa analola madokotala ndi odwala kuti ayang'ane ma shuga ambiri a shuga, kumvetsa bwino kwambiri momwe chithandizochi chikugwirira ntchito.
- Komanso mu 1979, choyamba chimbudzi cha insulini chinayambika, koma sichinali chovuta kwa anthu ambiri chifukwa cha kukula kwake, chomwe chinkafunika kuti chiyendetsedwe mozungulira. Masiku ano mapampu a insulini ali pafupi kukula kwa masitepe a makadi.
- M'zaka za m'ma 1980 ndi 1990, akatswiri a zachuma anapanga mitundu yambiri ya insulini m'malo mwa nkhumba kapena insulini ya ng'ombe yomwe idakhala mankhwala oyenera kufikira nthawi imeneyo. Izi "insulin" zimatengedwa kuti ndizosiyana kwambiri ndi mitundu yapitayi, chifukwa zinali zowonjezera kutengera insulin ya munthu.
- Komanso m'zaka za m'ma 1980 ndi 1990, insulin yomwe inakhala yochepa kwambiri inayamba. Izi zimatha kupatsidwa mphindi 15 zokha musanadye chakudya, kupatsa iwo omwe amatha kugwiritsa ntchito ufulu wawo nthawi yopuma.
- M'zaka za m'ma 1990, anthu okhala ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wa 2 adalimbikitsidwa ndivomerezedwa ndi metformin, mankhwala ogwiritsira ntchito insulini kukana. Mankhwalawa ali ndi phindu linalake, monga kuchepa kwa shuga, zomwe zimakhala zochepa kwambiri, ndipo mankhwalawa amathandiza kupewa matenda a mtima. Nthawi zambiri, mankhwalawa angayambitse matenda aakulu, omwe amawopsa kwambiri omwe amatchedwa lactic acidosis.
- Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana lino, insulin yatsopano, yomwe inatenga nthawi yaitali, inayamba kutchedwa glargine . Insulini iyi ili ndi maola 24, koma palibe mapiri ndi zigwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti shuga wambiri muzitha kuika magazi.
Kupititsa patsogolo kwa matenda a shuga ku matenda ndi matenda a shuga
Mwinamwake chitukuko chachikulu cha matenda a shuga m'zaka makumi angapo zapitazo chinali Chiyeso cha Kugonjetsa ndi Matenda Okhudzana ndi Shuga komwe chinayamba mu 1983 ndipo chinatha zaka khumi.
Iyi inali nthawi yoyamba imene ochita kafukufuku adatha kutsimikizira ubale pakati pa shuga la magazi ndi chitukuko cha matenda a shuga. Kuzindikira izi kwakhazikitsa maziko a kafukufuku wamakono omwe akupangidwa pofuna kupeza njira zothandizira kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha anthu omwe akudwala matenda a shuga.
Anthu omwe akufuna kuphunzira zambiri zokhudza kupita patsogolo kwa chisamaliro cha shuga amatha kumvetsera anthu omwe ali ndi shuga akufotokozera nkhani zawo pa webusaiti ya Diabetes Stories, ntchito ya Oxford Center ya matenda a shuga, Great Endocrinology ndi Metabolism.
Chiyembekezo Chochuluka cha Tsogolo Labwino M'kudwala kwa Shuga
Mu 2006, boma la US linagwiritsa ntchito $ 1.1 biliyoni kafukufuku wa shuga.
Mabungwe ndi maziko monga Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation ndi American American Diabetes Association amaperekanso ndalama ndi zofunikira kuti afufuze. Ntchito yomwe ikuchitika panopa ili ndi lonjezo lalikulu lopeza mankhwala atsopano komanso othandizira matendawa.
Njira zomwe akatswiri akufufuza zikuphatikizapo zotsatirazi:
- Kupewa, kuzindikira koyambirira ndi kuthandizira mofulumira
- Kusungunula maselo
- Immunology ndi immunogenetics kuti athandizidwe pazidziwitso komanso zochiritsira zatsopano
- Mankhwala atsopano kuti athetse kuwonongeka kwa mtima ndi mtima
- Kupitirira masentimita amadzimita kuti achepetse kufunika kokhala ndi zingwe zambiri kuti muyese shuga
- Mapulogalamu amadzimadzi osakanikirana komanso mapampu
Onetsetsani kafukufuku mwa kuyendera webusaiti ya American Diabetes Association, yomwe imapereka mwachidule zowonjezera kafukufuku wokhudza shuga ndi zofanana.
Zotsatira:
"Kafukufuku wa shuga." EMedTV.com. 2006 Clinaero, Inc. 22 September 2007.
"Nkhani ya shuga: Nkhani zaumoyo wa shuga kupyolera mu zaka makumi khumi." Oxford Center ya Shuga, Endocrinology & Metabolism. 2005 Mlomo Wachisoni wa Shuga. 21 Sept. 2007.
Einhorn, D. "Kupititsa patsogolo kwa shuga kwa zaka chikwi: Kuchiza kwa insulini ndi Kuwonetsetsa kwa Glucose." Medscape.com. 2004. Medscape. 21 Sept. 2007. (kulembetsa).
"Mbiri ya matenda a shuga." 2005. 22 Sept. 2007.
Irbina, I. "Kukula kwa Matenda a shuga Kumaphatikiza Ndalama Yowonongeka." NYtimes.com. 2006. The New York Times. 22 Sept. 2007.
Kalayoglu, M. "Laser Photocoagulation Systems kwa Matenda a Diabetes Retinopathy ndi Matenda Ena a Retinal." Medcompare.com. 2007. Ganizirani. 21 Sept. 2007.
Metformin. Medscape.com. 2007. Medscape. 6 Oct. 2007.
Satley, M. "Mbiri ya matenda a shuga." DiabetesHealth.com. 1996. 21 Sept. 2007.
"Zigawo Zofufuza za Joslin." Joslin Diabetes Centre. 2007. Joslin.org. 22 Sept. 2007.