Ngati muli ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wa 2 , mwinamwake mukudziwa kale kuti moyo wathanzi - kuphatikizapo zakudya, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi kulemera kwa thupi - ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la mankhwala anu. Mwinanso mungafunikire kumwa mankhwala achamwa, mwina mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Ngati mtundu wanu wa shuga 2 sutetezedwa bwino pa mankhwala am'kamwa, mungafunikire kutenga insulini.
Kodi Insulini Imagwira Ntchito Motani?
Insulini imathandiza kusunga shuga lanu m'magazi mumtundu wambiri mwa kusunthira shuga m'magazi a thupi lanu. Ndiye maselo anu amagwiritsa ntchito shuga kuti apange mphamvu. Anthu omwe alibe matenda a shuga amapanga insulini yokwanira.
Ngati muli ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wa 2, mukhoza kuchepetsa insulini yanu ndi shuga ya magazi ndi mankhwala omwe mumamwa . Komabe, anthu ena okhala ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wa 2 sangathe kuyendetsa shuga awo amagazi ndi mankhwala amlomo okha ndipo amafunika kuwonjezera jekeseni wa insulini kuchipatala.
Kodi Ndimatenga Bwanji Insulini?
Muyenera kuphunzira momwe mungadzipangidwire ndi insulini, yomwe mungafunike kutenga nthawi imodzi kapena kuposerapo tsiku lililonse. Dokotala wanu kapena namwino wa shuga angakuthandizeni kusankha njira yopezera insulini yabwino kwa inu ndipo idzakuphunzitsani momwe mungadzipangire nokha .
Kutenga jekeseni. Mudzadzipereka nokha pogwiritsa ntchito singano ndi syringe. Dokotala wanu kapena namwino adzakuwonetsani momwe mungapezere insulini yoyenera mu sering'i ndi momwe mungayiritsire pansi pa khungu lanu.
Anthu ena amagwiritsa ntchito pensulo ya insulini, yomwe imawoneka ngati cholembera koma ili ndi singano pa mfundo yake ndipo imakhala ndi insulini yolondola.
Kugwiritsa ntchito jekeseni wa jekeseni wa jekeseni. Chipangizochi, chomwe chimawoneka ngati cholembera chachikulu, chimatumiza mtundu wabwino wa insulini kudzera pakhungu lanu ndi mpweya wambiri m'malo mwa singano.
Kugwiritsa ntchito mpweya wa insulini. Pulogalamu ya insulini ndi makina ang'onoang'ono omwe mungathe kuvala kunja kwa thupi lanu pa lamba kapena m'thumba. Pampu imagwirizanitsa ndi chubu ya pulasitiki yaing'ono ndi singano yaing'ono yomwe imayikidwa pansi pa khungu lanu ndipo imatha masiku angapo. Makina amapumira insulini kupyolera mu chubu m'thupi lanu.
Ndiyenera Kutenga Nthendayi Nthawi Yanji?
Dokotala wanu angakulimbikitseni ndondomeko ya inu yomwe imakuuzani nthawi komanso kuchuluka kwa insulini. Ndondomeko yanu idzadalira mtundu wa insulini yomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito komanso zomwe mumachita tsiku ndi tsiku, kuphatikizapo pamene mudya chakudya komanso momwe mumagwiritsira ntchito.
Anthu ena omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wa 2 omwe akumwa mankhwala amamwa amatha kuwombera mpweya umodzi tsiku lililonse. Ena angadwale jekeseni wa insulini kawiri, katatu, kapena kanayi pa tsiku kuti akwaniritse zolinga zawo zamagazi.
Mitundu ya Insulini Imapezeka Motani?
Mtundu uliwonse wa insulini umagwira ntchito mofulumira mosiyana. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya insulini imasiyana malinga ndi nthawi yayitali bwanji m'thupi lanu.
Mwachitsanzo, insulin yogwira mofulumira imayamba kugwira ntchito mkati mwa mphindi 15 mutatha kuigwira ndikugwira ntchito maola atatu kapena asanu. Kutulutsidwa kwa nthawi yaitali kumayamba kugwira ntchito mkati mwa ola limodzi mutatha kutenga izo ndikugwira ntchito maola 24. Anthu ena okhala ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu 2 amafunika mitundu iwiri kapena iwiri ya insulini kuti ifike pamagazi awo a shuga.
Mtundu uliwonse wa insulini uli ndi chiyambi, msonga, ndi nthawi yokwanira.
- Kuyamba ndi momwe insulin imayambira kugwira ntchito kuti muchepetse shuga wanu wa magazi mukamayiritsa.
- Chidule ndi nthawi yomwe insulini ikugwira ntchito yovuta kwambiri kuti muchepetse shuga wanu wa magazi.
- Kutalika kwake ndikutenga nthawi yaitali bwanji m'thupi lanu - kuchuluka kwa nthawi kumachepetsa shuga wanu wamagazi.
Chifukwa munthu aliyense ali ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wa 2 ali osiyana, nthawi zoyamba, zazikulu, ndi nthawi yayitali zingakhale zosiyana. Gulu lanu losamalira thanzi la shuga lidzagwira ntchito ndi inu kuti mubwere ndi dongosolo la insulini lomwe limakupindulitsani.
Zotsatirazi ndi zina mwa mitundu yambiri ya insulini:
Kutulutsa insulini mwamsanga
Kuyambira: Mphindi 5 mpaka 15
Chidule: Mphindi 30 mpaka 90
Nthawi: 3 mpaka 5 maola
Zitsanzo:
- Apidra (insulini glulisine)
- Mankhwala (insulini lispro)
- NovoLog (insulin aspart)
Kutulutsa insulini yochepa
Kuyambira: Mphindi 30 mpaka 60
Chidule: 2 mpaka 4 maola
Nthawi: Maola 5 mpaka 8
Zitsanzo:
- Humulin R (nthawi zonse insulini)
- Novolin R (nthawi zonse insulini)
Kuchuluka kwa maselo oteteza insulini
Kuyamba: maola 1 mpaka 3
Chidule: maola 8
Nthawi yake: maola 12 mpaka 16, koma ikhoza kuthera maola 24
Zitsanzo:
- Humulin N (NPH insulin)
- Novolin N (NPH insulin)
Kutulutsa insulini yaitali
Kuyamba: 1 ora
Tsamba: palibe nsonga
Nthawi: Maola 20 mpaka 26
Zitsanzo:
- Lantus (insulin glargine)
- Levemir (insulin detemir) (mankhwalawa ndi otetezedwa ndi mlingo kotero amatha kwa maola 6 okha)
Pre-wosakaniza insulini
Popeza anthu ena omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amafunika kutenga mitundu iwiri ya insulini kuti athetse shuga wawo wa magazi, zosakaniza za insulini yomwe imakhalapo pakatikati kapena insulin yofulumira kapena insulini yochepa.
Kuyambira: Mphindi 5 mpaka 60
Chidule: zimasiyana
Nthawi: Maola 10 mpaka 16
Zitsanzo:
- Manambala 50/50 (50 peresenti-yogwira ntchito + 50% mwamsanga)
- Manambala 75/25 (75% yapakati-acting + 25% mwamsanga)
- Humulin 50/50 (50 peresenti-yogwira ntchito + 50% mwachidule)
- Humulin 70/30 (70 peresenti-yogwira ntchito + 30% yaifupi)
- Novolin 70/30 (70% yapakati-acting + 30% mwachidule)
- NovoLog 70/30 (70% yapakati-acting + 30% mwamsanga)
Kodi zotsatira za insulini ndi zotani?
Zotsatira zoyenera za insulini ndizo:
- magazi otsika m'magazi (hypoglycemia)
- phindu lolemera
Kuphatikizidwa kwa insulini ndi mankhwala opatsirana pogwiritsira ntchito mtundu wa shuga 2 kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha shuga wotsika magazi makamaka ngati mukuchita zambiri kuposa nthawi zonse kapena ngati mwadumpha, mwachedwa, kapena mudya pang'ono.
Mmodzi wa gulu lanu la shuga adzayang'ana zizindikiro za shuga wotsika magazi ndi inu ndipo adzakuphunzitsani za zomwe muyenera kuchita pamene shuga lanu la magazi liri lotsika kwambiri.
Pamapeto pake, ngati mukudwala matenda a shuga, mungaganize kugwiritsa ntchito luso lamakono lotchedwa glucose monitoring (CGM). Kawirikawiri, anthu omwe amatenga shuga ya mtundu wa 2 (kapena mtundu wa 1) shuga amafunika kuchita zovuta zingapo zapadera zapadera tsiku kuti ayese magulu a shuga. CGM ndi chipangizo chokhazikika chomwe chimayang'anitsitsa shuga zamagazi popanda kufunikira nkhuni zambiri za tsiku ndi tsiku. Komabe, pakati pa zidutswa zitatu ndi zinayi zala chachitsulo zimayenerabe kuti zithe kusinthana makina.
Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa CGM kudzakuthandizani kusunga ma glucose m'magazi anu nthawi yomwe simungathe kuwona mayendedwe anu a shuga, monga pamene mukugona kapena mukugwiritsa ntchito. Pogwiritsira ntchito chidziwitsochi, dokotala wanu akhoza kusintha malingaliro anu a insulini kuti awonetsere zosowa zanu ndikupatsanso njira zabwino zowononga glycemic. CGM imalimbikitsidwa ndi mabungwe osiyanasiyana a shuga ndipo nthawi zina imakhala ndi inshuwalansi. Ngati mukufuna, chonde funsani dokotala wanu za CGM.
Zotsatira
Kuwunika Glucose Wopitirira. www.niddk.nih.gov.
Mankhwala a shuga. National Clearinghouse Clearinghouse. September 2006. https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/diabetes/diabetes-medicines