Kumvetsetsa kusiyana pakati pa khansa yapachiyambi ndi yowopsa
Khansara ya mafupa ndi vuto loipa lomwe lingakhudze ana ndi akulu. Mawu akuti "khansa yapakhungu" imaphatikizapo mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matenda, kutanthauza kuti zizindikiro za khansa ya pakhosi zingasiyana. Kawirikawiri, khansara ya mafupa imagawidwa malinga ndi kuti khansayo imachokera ku fupa (khansa yapakhungu ya mfupa) kapena ngati imafalikira kuchokera kumalo ena kupita ku fupa (khansa yachiwiri kapena yamatenda).
Khansa yapachifupa, kapena khansara yomwe yafalikira ku fupa kuchokera kumbali ina ya thupi, imakhala yowonjezereka kuposa khansara ya mfupa yapamtima.
Khansara ya Matenda-Yoyamba ndi Metastatic
Khansara yapamtunda ya pakhosi si yachilendo, koma mitundu itatu yowonjezereka ndi iyi:
- Osteosarcoma
- Ewing's sarcoma
- Chondrosarcoma
Khansara ya mafupa a mitsempha ( kansa yapafupa yapafupa) imakhala yofala kwambiri kuposa khansa yapamtima ya mafupa, monga taonera pamwambapa. Pamene pali khansara mumphongo mwako kuchokera ku kufalitsa (metastases) ya khansa kuchokera kumadera ena a thupi, sizitchedwa khansara ya mafupa. Mwachitsanzo, ngati muli ndi khansara ya m'mawere yomwe imafalikira mafupa anu, sangatchedwe khansara yamapfupa, koma m'malo mwake, "khansa ya m'mawere ya m'mawere ndi mafupa." Mankhwala osiyanasiyana amatha kufalikira mafupa. Mapapu ndi chiwindi zikatha, mafupa ndiwo malo omwe anthu ambiri amatha kufalitsa.
Zomwe Zimayambitsa Matenda a Masefu a Metastatic
Mankhwala omwe amatha kufalikira mafupa anu ndi awa:
- Matenda a khansa. Mtundu wa khansa ndi wofala kwambiri umene umafalitsa mafupa . Khansa ya m'magazi imayambitsa matenda a khansa kwa amuna ndi akazi. Thirty peresenti mpaka 40 peresenti ya anthu omwe ali ndi khansara yamapapu adzakhala ndi mafupa amthambo nthawi zina paulendo wawo.
- Khansara ya m'mimba
- Khansa ya prostate
- Khansara ya chithokomiro
Matenda Aakulu Amtundu wa Matenda Ndi Zizindikiro
Zizindikiro za khansa ya mafupa zimasiyana chifukwa cha khansa ya pfupa, koma ululu ndi chizindikiro chodziwika bwino. Khansara ya mnofu yamtunduwu imapezeka nthawi zambiri m'matumbo a thupi (mikono ndi miyendo), choncho izi ndizo malo omwe amavuta kwambiri. Kumbukirani kuti si onse opuma minofu omwe ali ndi khansa; ena ali abwino. Kupweteka kwa mafupa nthawi zambiri kumakhudzana ndi chikhalidwe chaumphawi, monga kuvulala, kuposa khansa. Zizindikiro zina za khansa yapakhungu ndi izi:
- Chikondi chokhazikika kapena kutupa
- Fractures chifukwa cha fupa lofooka. Mphuno imene imapezeka m'fupa imene yafooka ndi khansa imatchedwa fractures .
Zizindikiro zosadziwika monga fever, kutaya kwadzidzidzi, kutopa, ndi kuchepa kwa magazi kungakhalenso zizindikiro za khansa ya mfupa pamapeto pake, ngakhale zizindikiro za zovuta zina.
Mankhwala a Kachilombo ka Maseti (Sekondi)
Zizindikiro za khansa ya mitsempha ya mitsempha ndi yofanana ndi ya khansa yapakhungu yapakhosi, yomwe ndi kupweteka. Komabe ngakhale kuti khansa yapakhungu yapafupa imakhala ndi mafupa ambiri a thupi, khansara yamtundu wa mafupa imakhala ndi khansara yomwe yafalikira mafupa ambiri. Mafupa ena omwe amaphatikizapo amadalira khansa yomwe yafalikira.
Mwachitsanzo, khansa ya m'mapapo imafalikira kumtunda ndi nthiti. Khansara ya m'mimba imafalikira kumtunda ndi m'mimba, nthiti, chigaza, ndi mkono wapamwamba ndi mafupa a mwendo. Khansara ya prostate imafalikira mpaka msana ndipo imayambitsa kupweteka kwa msana.
Pamene khansa imafalikira ku mafupa anu, kuphatikizapo ululu, mukhoza kukhala ndi mlingo wokwanira wa kashiamu m'magazi anu chifukwa cha kutha kwa fupa. Zizindikiro izi, zomwe zimatchedwa hypercalcemia ya malignancy , zimaphatikizapo kufooka kwa minofu, kunyoza ndi kusanza, kutaya kwa mtima kosasuntha, ndi mseru.
Zimene Mungachite Ngati Muli ndi Matenda a Khansa
Ngati muli ndi ululu wa pfupa kapena mukuganiza kuti muli ndi khansa yapafupa, ndikofunika kuti muwone dokotala wanu.
Fotokozani nkhawa yanu pa kansa ya mfupa mwamsanga kuti dokotala athetse maganizowa nthawi yomweyo. Kumbukirani kuti khansara ya phungu si yachilendo, kotero zizindikiro zanu zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kuti zikhale zofanana ndi zovuta kwambiri. Dokotala wanu ayenera kuti akufuna kulamulira zinthu zina asanayesetse kupeza matenda a kansa ya mfupa.
Ngati muli ndi khansara kale ndipo muli ndi zizindikiro za mafupa, dokotala wanu adziwe nthawi yomweyo. Sikuti kokha pali mankhwala oti athetsere ululu wokhudzana ndi mafupa a mitsempha, koma kuchiza matendawa kumathandiza kupeĊµa mavuto monga kupweteka kwa mitsempha ndi kupweteka kwa msana. Tawonani kuti kupweteka kwa msana wamthambo ndi metastases ndi fupa lachipatala. Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro kumbuyo kwanu zomwe zikuipiraipira, makamaka ngati muwona zofooka zilizonse mu miyendo yanu kapena mavuto omwe mumakhala ndi mkodzo kapena matumbo, dokotala wanu adziwe mwamsanga.
Zizindikiro Zomwe Zingachititse Dokotala Kufufuza Zambiri
Zizindikiro zowopsa monga kupweteka kwa mafupa, kukoma mtima, kutupa, kapena kutayika kumene sizingabwereko zingapangitse dokotala kuti apeze mayeso ena kuti afufuze chifukwa cha zizindikiro. Mu njira yothandizira khansa ya mfupa, x-ray, MRI, ndi fupa lapafupa zonse ndizoyeso zojambula zojambula zomwe dokotala angachite. Zotsatira za mayeserowa ndi zomwe zingapangitse dokotala kukayikira khansara yamapfupa.
Nthawi zina mafupa amafunika kuthandizira kuti asamakhale ndi khansa. Nthenda yamapfupa imaphatikizapo kuchotsedwa kwa minofu yaing'ono kuti ifufuzidwe pansi pa microscope. Nthawi zambiri amatenga zosakwana ola limodzi ndipo amatha kuchita monga opaleshoni kapena opaleshoni.
Kuchita chiopsezo kwa munthu yemwe ali ndi khansa yapakhungu yapafupa kungakhale kovuta chifukwa pali ngozi yofalitsa khansayo panthawiyi. Chithandizochi chiyenera kuchitidwa ndi dotolo yemwe ali ndi chidziwitso chochita mafupa a mafupa kwa iwo amene akuganiza kuti ndi khansa ya mfupa. Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti biopsies ikhoza kukhala njira yowonjezera yowonjezera ma khansawa ndipo ingawafalitse iwo mu zida zina zikachitidwa ndi munthu yemwe alibe chidziwitso.
Taganizirani Phunziro Lachiwiri
Ngati mukuganiza kuti mungakhale ndi khansa ya pfupa, ganizirani kupeza kachiwiri. Anthu ambiri amapempha lingaliro lachiwiri pa imodzi mwa malo akuluakulu a khansa omwe amaikidwa ndi khansa. Malo awa nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi madokotala ogwira ntchito omwe amadziwika kwambiri ndi khansa yosadziwika. Onetsetsani kuti mukhale woyimilira wanu pa chisamaliro chanu cha khansa. Izi zapezeka kuti sikuti zimangowonjezera umoyo wanu koma zingasinthe zotsatira zanu.
> Zotsatira:
> American Society of Clinical Oncology. Khansa ya mafupa: Zizindikiro ndi Zizindikiro. Kusinthidwa kwa May 2017.
> National Cancer Institute. Khansa ya mafupa ndi Malignant Fibous Histiocytoma ya Matenda a Matenda-Health Professional Version (PDQ). Idasinthidwa pa November 13, 2017.