Lymphocytic khansa ya m'magazi (CLL) ndiyo njira yofala kwambiri ya khansa ya m'magazi kwa anthu akuluakulu m'mayiko a Kumadzulo. Zimapezeka pamene zowonongeka kwa majini (kusintha) kwa selo yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala mtundu wa selo loyera lomwe limatchedwa lymphocyte.
CLL ndi yosiyana ndi mitundu ina ya khansa ya m'magazi chifukwa chakuti kusintha kwa majini sikungowonjezera kukula kosalephereka kwa ma lymphocytes mumtambo, koma kumathandizanso maselo omwe satsatira dongosolo lachibadwa la selo.
Zimenezi zimabweretsa kuchuluka kwa maselo a CLL m'magazi.
Pafupifupi 95% za CLL kumadzulo, mtundu wa lymphocyte umene umakhudzidwa ndi B-cell (B-cell CLL). T-cell CLL imapezeka kwambiri m'madera a Japan ndipo ndizowerengeka zokha za ma 5% ku US
Mankhwala oopsa a khansa ya m'magazi ndi okhwima kwambiri kuposa omwe amapezeka m'magazi oopsa. Chifukwa chakuti ali okhwima kwambiri, amatha kuchita zambiri zomwe zimakhala ndi ma lymphocytes. Chifukwa chake, matenda a m'magazi amatha kupitilira kwa nthawi yayitali asanamvetse zizindikiro.
Pali nthawi pamene munthu wathanzi angakhale ndi chiwerengero chachikulu cha lymphocyte, ndipo izi sizikutanthauza kuti ali ndi khansa ya m'magazi. Maselo oteteza matendawa mwachibadwa amapita kumapiri okwera kwambiri pakadwala. Pankhani ya CLL, kuwonjezereka kwa mtundu umodzi wa lymphocyte kumachitika (malingana ndi kumene chibadwa chinasinthika) ndipo maselo, pokhala okhwima, amasonyeza makhalidwe osadziwika.
Ntchito yofunika ya ma bymphocytes B m'thupi ndi kutulutsa immunoglobulins, omwe ali mapuloteni omwe amathandiza kuthetsa matenda. Mu CLL, ma lymphocyte osadziwika sangathe kutulutsa ma immunoglobulins (kapena "antibodies") omwe amagwira bwino ntchito komanso amateteza kuti anthu omwe ali ndi khansa omwe sali ndi khansa apange ma antibodies.
Chifukwa cha ichi, anthu omwe ali ndi CLL amakhala ndi kachilombo kawirikawiri.
Zizindikiro ndi Zizindikiro
Kwa odwala ena, CLL ikukula mofulumira ndipo zizindikiro zingakhale zosaoneka. Ngakhale pamene chiwerengero cha ma lymphocyte chifikira kwambiri m'magazi, nthawi zambiri sichikukhudzanso kupanga mitundu ina ya maselo a magazi monga maselo ofiira ndi mapiritsi.
Odwala omwe ali ndi mitundu yovuta ya CLL kapena omwe ali ndi matenda apamwamba angasonyeze zizindikiro zolemetsa pamtundu wa mafupa a mitundu ina komanso zizindikiro zojambulidwa ndi mitsempha yowonjezera.
Odwala CLL akhoza kukumana:
- Kutaya thupi
- Chizoloŵezi chachizoloŵezi "chosagwirizana"
- Kutuluka kwa usiku
- Kumverera kotopa kumene sikumasokonezedwa ndi kugona kwabwino usiku
- Kutupa ma lymph nodes
- Matenda opatsirana
- Ululu wochokera ku ziwalo zamakono zofutukulidwa ku ziwalo zozungulira
- Matenda odzola
Zizindikiro izi zingakhalenso chizindikiro cha zinthu zina, zochepa kwambiri. Ngati mukudandaula za kusintha kulikonse kwa thanzi lanu, muyenera kufufuza dokotala wanu.
Kodi CLL ndi khansa ya m'magazi kapena Lymphoma?
Lymphocytic khansa ya m'magazi ndi lymphoma zimakhalapo pamene ma lymphocytes amachulukira mosadziletsa. Zonsezi zikhoza kukhala ndi kutupa kwa maselo am'mimba ndipo onse awiri angasonyeze kuti ali ndi lymphocytes wambiri m'magazi.
Ndipotu, kusiyana pakati pa matenda awiriwa ndi dzina lokha.
Wodwala akuti ali ndi CLL pamene ali ndi ma lymphocytes ambiri m'magawidwe komanso kuchepa kwa nodes. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, odwala omwe ali ndi node kwambiri, koma pafupi ndi maselo oyera omwe amapezeka m'magazi amafotokozedwa kuti ali ndi kanyumba kakang'ono kameneka kamene kali ndi lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL), mtundu wa non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
Nthawi zambiri, mawu akuti CLL ndi SLL amagwiritsidwa ntchito mosasinthasintha monga momwe alili matenda omwewo omwe amaperekedwa mwanjira ina.
Zowopsa
CLL nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi khansa ya m'magazi ya anthu achikulire, omwe ali ndi zaka zambiri pa matendawa ali 65.
Anthu makumi asanu ndi anayi pa zana aliwonse omwe amapezeka ndi CLL ali ndi zaka zoposa 40.
Mofanana ndi mitundu ina ya khansa ya m'magazi, asayansi samadziwa chomwe chimayambitsa CLL, koma pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe zimawoneka kuti zikuika anthu ena pangozi yayikulu yopanga:
- Kuwonetsera kwa mankhwala ena oopsa, monga mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndi herbicides
- Kutenga ndi mabakiteriya ena kapena mavairasi monga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda amtundu (HTLV-1)
- Kukhala ndi wachibale woyamba, monga mbale, ndi CLL akhoza kuonjezera ngozi katatu kapena kanayi
Mosiyana ndi mitundu ina ya khansa ya m'magazi, kuwonetseredwa ndi mankhwalawa sikuwoneka kuti ndi chinthu choopsa.
Ngakhale kuti izi zikhoza kuwonjezera mwayi wa munthu kupeza CLL, anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi zifukwazi sangapezeke ndi khansa ya m'magazi, ndipo ambiri omwe ali ndi khansa ya m'magazi alibe zifukwa zobvuta.
Kuwongolera Iwo
CLL imachitika pamene kuwonongeka kwa DNA ya selo kumayambitsa kuchulukitsa kosalamulirika ndi kuchuluka kwa ma lymphocytes. Izi zidzatengera kuchuluka kwa ma lymphocyte omwe akupezeka, omwe angathenso kusonkhanitsa m'matumbo. Nthaŵi zambiri, anthu omwe ali ndi CLL adzakhala ndi zizindikiro zochepa ngati matendawa amachedwetsa.
Zotsatira:
Chirorazzi, N., Rai, K., Ferrarini, M. "Njira ya Matenda: Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia." New England Journal of Medicine 2005; 352: 804-15.
Lin, T., Byrd, J. "Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia ndi Related Chronic Leukemias" ku Chang, A., Hayes, D. Pass, H. et al. eds. (2006) Oncology: Umboni Wopereka Umboni Wochokera ku Springer: New York. pp. 1210- 1228.
Hillman, R., Ault, K. (2002) Hematology mu Chipatala Chachitatu. McGraw-Hill: New York.
Zent, C., Kay, N. "Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Biology ndi Mmene Akuchiritsidwa" Magazini Yamakono Oncology 2007; 9: 345-352.