Vuto Ndi Kutsegula Gender Dysphoria ndi Autism

Cisgenderism ndi kusankhana amuna ndi akazi

Kugonana kumatanthawuza ngati matenda awiri kapena zinthu zomwe zimachitika panthawi yomweyo. Mwachitsanzo, matenda a shuga ndi matenda a mtima ndizofala kwambiri, zomwe zimakhala zomveka chifukwa shuga wambiri wa magazi omwe ulipo m'magazi a anthu omwe ali ndi shuga umatha kuwononga mitsempha ndi mitsempha ya mtima. Ngakhale pali umboni wina kunja komweko, amachititsa asayansi ambiri ndi madokotala kuti adziwitse autism komanso kugonana kwa dysphoria monga chiwonongeko, ubalewu ndi wovuta.

Mosiyana ndi matenda a shuga ndi matenda a mtima, kugonana kwa pakati pa kugonana kwa dysphoria ndi autism kumamveka bwino. M'mawu ena, tingathe kungoganiza momwe wina amakhudzidwira. Kuwonjezera apo, kuthetsa mikwingwirima kwa zinthu ziwirizi kumapangitsa chithandizo chovuta kwambiri. Ndiyeno pali vuto lenileni lomwe limagwirizanitsa kugonana kwa dysphoria kwa autism ndi njira yowonekera yosankhana.

Gender Dysphoria Plus Autism

Zaka zaposachedwapa, kumvetsetsa kwathu, matenda , ndi ziganizo zazomwe zimayambitsa matenda a dysphoria ndi autism zasintha.

Poyambirira kutchulidwa kuti kugonana ndi kugonana komanso kugonana kwadzidzidzi, chidziwitso cha kugonana ndi chidziwitso chachidziwitso chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito posonyeza kuti pali vuto limene munthu amamva kuti ali ndi nkhawa kwambiri poyang'ana kugonana pakati pa amai ndi abambo. Kuwonjezera apo, anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a dysphoria amafuna kukhala amtundu wina ndipo nthawi zambiri amatenga njira zokhutiritsa chikhumbochi.

Mwachitsanzo, munthu yemwe ali ndi matenda a dysphoria amene amapatsidwa mwamuna wamwamuna akamabereka angadandaule ndi ntchitoyi chifukwa amavomereza ndipo amangofuna kukhala mkazi. Ngakhale kuti amuna amatha kupatsirana ndi dysphoria pakati pa abambo, abambo amakhalanso ndifupipafupi kuyambira 1: 10,000 mpaka 1: 20,000 ndipo 1: 30,000 ndi 1: 50,000 mwa amuna obadwa ndi amayi omwe anabadwa , motsatira.

Vuto la Autism, kapena laling'ono la colloquially komanso loyenera kwambiri la autism spectrum disorder, ndi zizindikiro zambiri, luso, ndi kulemala zomwe zimakhudza chikhalidwe, khalidwe, ndi ufulu. Anthu omwe ali ndi autism nthawi zambiri amaonetsa khalidwe lobwerezabwereza komanso zochepa. Anthu awa akhoza kukhala ovuta Muzochitika zamakhalidwe, kusukulu, ndi kuntchito. Malinga ndi CDC, mmodzi mwa anthu 68 ali ndi autism.

Maphunziro ang'onoang'ono apangidwa kuti ayese kufotokoza mgwirizano pakati pa autism ndi dysphoria. Mwachitsanzo, mu 2010, de Vries ndi anzake adanena kuti 7,8 peresenti ya ana ndi anyamata omwe ali ndi matenda a dysphoria amapezedwanso ndi autism. Mu 2014, Pasterski ndi anzake adapeza kuti 5.5 peresenti ya anthu akuluakulu omwe ali ndi matenda a dysphoria anali ndi zizindikiro zoganiza za autism.

Zolemba Zogwirizana ndi Autism ndi Gender Dysphoria

Ngakhale kuti pali zifukwa zingapo zogwirizana kuti zithe kugwirizana ndi autism ku dysphoria, pali kusowa kwa umboni wolimba wothandizira maumboni ambiri. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, umboni umene umagwirizanitsa "zikhulupiriro" izi (molondola, zongoganiza) ziri ponseponse ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta kuziphatikizana kuti zikhale zogwirizana komanso zogwirizana. Komabe, tiyeni tiwone zina mwazifukwa izi:

1. Malingana ndi lingaliro laling'ono la ubongo wamwamuna , amayi ali ndi wired kuti aganizire mwa mawu achifundo; pamene, amuna ali okhwima mu malingaliro awo. Komanso, ma testosterone (mahomoni aamuna) m'mimba amatha kukhala ndi ubongo wamwamuna kapena maganizo a amuna, omwe amachititsa kuti autism ndi amuna azimayi akudwala matendawa. Ngakhale kuti pali umboni wochepa wochirikiza mfundo zina zomwe zimachititsa kuti ubongo wa amuna ukhale wovuta kwambiri, kusiyana kwakukulu ndikuti kuchuluka kwa testosterone kumatsogolera ku ubongo wamwamuna sikufotokozera chifukwa chake anyamata, omwe kale ali ndi ubongo wamwamuna, amapanga autism komanso matenda a dysphoria pamene amapezeka m'matumbo apamwamba a testosterone. M'malo mwake, anyamatawa ayenera kukhala a hypermasculinized ndi amuna ochulukirapo pakuganiza kwawo. Motero, mfundo imeneyi imafotokoza chifukwa chake atsikana angathe kukhazikitsa izi.

1. Kuvuta ndi kugwirizanirana kwa anthu kumagwiritsidwanso ntchito pofotokozera chitukuko cha kugonana kwa denda pakati pa ana ndi autism. Mwachitsanzo, mnyamata yemwe ali ndi autism yemwe amachitiriridwa nkhanza ndi anyamata ena akhoza kukonda anyamata ena ndikudziwana ndi atsikana.
2. Anthu omwe ali ndi autism amakhala ndi vuto loyankhulana ndi ena. Kulephera kumeneku kungapangitse anthu ena kuti asatengere zachikhalidwe za amai omwe amapatsidwa mwayi wowonjezera kugonana kwa denda. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, chifukwa chakuti anthu ena samatengera mfundo za mwana yemwe wapatsidwa udindo, ndiye kuti mwanayo sachitidwa mofananamo ndi kugonana kumeneku ndipo akhoza kukhala ndi mwayi wopitilira kukula kwa dysphoria .
3. Gender dysphoria ikhoza kukhala mawonetseredwe a autism, ndipo makhalidwe onga autistic akhoza kuyendetsa kugonana kwa dysphoria. Mwachitsanzo, mwana yemwe ali ndi amuna ndi abambo omwe amagawana nawo akhoza kukhala okhudzidwa ndi zovala zazimayi, zidole, ndi ntchito. Ndipotu, izi zikuoneka kuti matenda a dysphoria sangakhale a dysphoria konse koma m'malo mwa OCD.
4. Ana omwe ali ndi autism angasonyeze kuti ali okhwima potsutsana ndi kusiyana pakati pa amuna ndi akazi. Angakhale ovuta kuyanjanitsa kusiyana pakati pa zomwe apatsidwa komanso zokhudzidwa ndi amai. Kuwonjezeka kumeneku m'masautso kungapangitse kuti dysphoria ikhale yowonjezereka komanso kuwapangitsa kuti azivutika kwambiri.
5. Kafukufuku wina amasonyeza kuti mosiyana ndi achinyamata ambiri omwe ali ndi chiwopsezo cha amuna okhaokha, achinyamata omwe ali ndi vutolo komanso azimayi omwe amachititsa kuti amuna azigonana, sagwiriridwa ndi amuna omwe ali ndi abambo omwe ali nawo. Gulu la anthu likhoza kukhala ndi zizindikiro zoopsa za autism komanso mavuto a maganizo.
6. M'mbuyomu, akatswiri ena amanena kuti anthu omwe ali ndi autism sankatha kupanga chidziwitso cha amuna okhaokha-izi zidakanidwa. Komabe, mwina chisokonezo pakukula kwa chidziwitso cha amai kapena chikhalidwe chosinthika cha chikhalidwe cha amuna kapena akazi chikhoza kuthandiza kuthetsa ubongo. Kuwonjezera apo, zoperewera m'malingaliro ndi chifundo, zomwe zimapezeka mwa anthu omwe ali ndi autism, zingakhale zovuta kwa anthu omwe ali ndi autism kuzindikira kuti ali a gulu linalake.

Chithandizo cha Kuchiza

Ngakhale kuti sitikumvetsetsa mgwirizano weniweni pakati pa autism ndi matenda a dysphoria, sizinaletse anyamata ena kuti asatengere zinthu ziwirizimodzi pamodzi ndi munthu mmodzi ndikuthetsanso izi.

Chithandizo cha matenda opatsirana pogonana pakati pa achinyamata ndi autism chimadzaza ndi zotsatira za zotsatira zosayembekezereka komanso zosasinthika.

Ngakhale kuti palibenso malingaliro ovomerezeka ovomerezeka a momwe angagwiritsire ntchito matenda opatsirana pogonana pakati pa omwe ali ndi autism, mu 2016, ofufuza adafalitsa ndondomeko yoyamba ya zochitika zachipatala mu Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology pogwiritsa ntchito njira a akatswiri osiyanasiyana. Nazi zina mwazinthu:

• Ngati palibe katswiri wodziŵa ntchito zachipatala komanso zofufuza za amuna, kugwirizanitsa pakati pa amuna ndi akazi ndi dysphoria ndi autism ziyenera kupezedwa ndi gulu lachipatala lomwe liri ndi akatswiri awiriwa. Komanso, ayenera kutenga nthawi yochulukirapo kuti azindikire ndikugwirizanitsa zochitikazi. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, ndibwino kuti tisachedwe kukapeza matenda ndi kuchiritsidwa ndikuganiziranso pakati pa gulu la akatswiri.
• Chithandizo cha kugonana kwa dysphoria ndi autism kawirikawiri zimagwirizana. Atapatsidwa chithandizo cha autism, wachinyamata angathe kupeza luntha la kulingalira, malingaliro okhwima ndi oyankhulana omwe amathandiza kumvetsetsa chiwerewere. Zokhudzana ndi kugonana ziyenera kuyesedwa pokhazikika. Kulingalira kochepa pazomwe zingachititse munthu kukhala ndi zovuta kuti avomereze zotsatira za zisankho zawo. Achinyamata ayenera kupatsidwa nthawi kuti amvetse mavuto awo azimayi ndi kumvetsetsa zosoŵa zawo ndi zikhumbo zawo. Komanso, nthawi zina palizinthu zosagwirizana ndi zachikhalidwe zomwe zimafuna malo ogona. Mwinamwake, wachinyamata yemwe ali ndi matenda a dysphoria samasamala kuvala mchitidwe wosagwirizana ndi amuna kapena kutengera dzina lina.
• Achinyamata komanso makolo awo ayenera kulandira uphungu ndi uphungu pa zochitika za autism ndi za dysphoria.
• Palibe mgwirizano pakati pa chithandizo chamankhwala. Kuvomerezeka kuchipatala kungakhale kovuta kwa achinyamata omwe ali ndi autism ndi matenda a dysphoria chifukwa anthu awa amatha kumvetsa mavuto omwe amakhalapo kwa nthawi yayitali ndi zotsatira zowonongeka za njira zina za amayi. Wachipatala ayenera kukhazikitsa ndondomeko yapadera yobvomerezana ndi zoopsa ndi zopindulitsa zomwe zimaperekedwa mwa njira ya konkire, yothetsera nzeru komanso yowunikira. Kukula msinkhu pogwiritsa ntchito mahomoni ndi njira yabwino kwa achinyamata omwe amavomereza chifukwa ndizosinthika. Ngakhale ngakhale atasiya, mahomoni opatsirana pogonana angakhale ndi zotsatira zamuyaya. Ofufuza ena amalimbikitsa kuyembekezera kupereka mahomoni opatsirana pogonana ndi kuchita opaleshoni mpaka munthu wamkulu pamene chidziwitso cha chiwerewere chiri chowonekera bwino.

Cisgenderism

Msonkhano wa 2012 wa Psychology wa Women Section (POWS), Natacha Kennedy, adakamba nkhani yayikulu yomwe imapanga mgwirizano wamphamvu womwe umasonyeza kuti pali kusiyana pakati pa autism ndi kugonana kwachilendo pakati pa amuna ndi akazi ndi mtundu wa cisgenderism kapena kusankhana.

Malingana ndi Kennedy, chikhalidwe cha cisgenderism chimatanthauzira motere:

• kuwonongeka kwa systemic ndi vuto la anthu trans
• kufunikira kwa chikhalidwe
• chiwerengero cha amuna ndi akazi
• kusasintha kwa chikhalidwe
• kuwonetsera kunja kwa kugonana

Chikhalidwe cha cisgenderism chimapatsa mphamvu ndikuwunikira omvera kuti adziwe munthu ndi mwamuna, popanda phindu la mwiniwakeyo.

Izi zimayambira pa kubadwa pamene mwana wapatsidwa maudindo komanso amapitiliza moyo wonse pamene ena amapereka udindo wokhudza za amuna. Anthu a Transgender amapatsidwa chithandizo ndi kuchipatala kuti akhale ndi kachilombo katsopano kamatsimikiziridwa ndikukhazikitsidwa. Komabe, njira yonseyi imaganiza kuti chiwerengero cha amuna ndi abambo (kaya chachimuna kapena chachikazi), chosasinthika, chofunikira, osati cha madzi.

Ngakhale kuti tonsefe timakhala ndi chidziwitso, cisgenderism siyankhulidwa zambiri pa nkhani ya onse. Zimangochitika. Mwachitsanzo, timangoganiza kuti iye ndi iyeyo ndi ena, amatenga zovala monga amuna kapena akazi ndikuyembekezera ena kuti agwiritse ntchito chipinda chamwamuna kapena chachikazi.

Achinyamata omwe ali ndi matenda a dysphoria amatha kuganiza za cisgenderism ndipo amazindikira kuti nthawi zambiri anthu savomerezedwa kuti apange zisankho zosagwirizana ndi za amai. Chifukwa chake, achinyamata awa amatsutsa zosankha zosagwirizana ndi amuna ndi akazi chifukwa cha mantha a chiweruzo ndi kunyozedwa.

Cisgenderism Imakhudza Ana Ndi Autism

Chifukwa cisgenderism ndi yamtendere ndipo siinayankhulidwe pa nkhani ya onse, ana omwe ali ndi autism mwina sakudziwa. Komanso, ngakhale ana awa adziwa cisgenderism, iwo sangasamalire. Choncho, ana awa omwe ali ndi autism amakhala ovuta kupanga zosankha zosagwirizana ndi amuna zomwe zimadziwika ndi ena monga chiwerewere cha dysphoria.

Ndizomveka kuti matenda opatsirana pogonana ndi ofanana kwambiri kwa ana ndi achinyamata omwe ali nawo komanso popanda autism. Komabe, iwo omwe ali ndi autism sadzadziletsa okha chifukwa cha zovuta zomwe zimapangitsa kuti anthu azikhala osagwirizana. Mwa kusabisa zomwe amakonda, ana omwe ali ndi autism amadziwikanso kuti ali ndi matenda a dysphoria.

Kuphatikiza pa chikhalidwe cha cisgenderism, Kennedy akunena kuti madokotala ndi ochita kafukufuku amathandizanso kuti anthu azikhala osagonana, osasinthika, komanso ofunikira. Malingana ndi akatswiri, ndizomwe zimakhala zovuta kuti zizindikiritse njira yotsutsana ndi amai. Akatswiri sadziwa kuti kugonana sikuli chabe mwamuna kapena mkazi koma m'malo mosiyana.

Kuwonjezera apo, akatswiri amapereka zochitika zosiyanasiyana zosiyana pakati pa amuna ndi akazi powatcha kuti "magawo" omwe adzadutsa. Taganizirani malangizo otsatirawa kuchokera ku NHS, kayendedwe ka zaumoyo ku UK:

Kawirikawiri, khalidweli ndi mbali imodzi yokha yomwe ikukula ndipo idzatha m'kupita kwa nthawi, koma kwa iwo omwe ali ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana amapitirirabe kuyambira ali mwana ndikukhala akuluakulu.

Pansi

Ngakhale zidalembedwa, ife sitikumvetsa pang'ono za zochitika zogonana za dysphoria ndi autism. Kuyesera kufotokozera zochitika pakati pa zinthu ziwirizi sizitsimikizira. Akatswiri samadziwanso momwe angagwiritsire ntchito zinthu ziwirizi panthawi yomweyi.

Ndizotheka kuti nthawi zambiri chiwerengero cha amuna omwe ali ndi dysphoria pakati pa ana ndi autism n'chofanana ndi cha ana opanda autism. Komabe, ana opanda autism adzathetsa chilakolako chochita zinthu zosagwirizana ndi amuna chifukwa cha zikhalidwe za anthu; pamene, ana okhala ndi autism mwina samadziwa izi kapena sakusamala.

Ngakhale kuti sizinayankhulidwe kawirikawiri, kugonana kumawoneka ngati kofunikira, kosasinthika, komanso kosavomerezeka ndi anthu onse a gulu kuphatikizapo akatswiri akuchita maphunziro ndi kupereka mankhwala. Dziko likukhazikitsidwa pa maulendo awiri a amuna: amuna ndi akazi. Nthawi zonse timagawira ena za kugonana mopanda kulingalira, ndipo akatswiri amachititsa kuti anthu asamalankhule mwachilendo ndi matenda omwe ali ndi matendawa. Zowonadi, monga kugonana, kugonana kumakhala kozizira ndipo kumakhala pamtunda.

Sosaiti ikuyembekeza kuti anthu akhale oyenerera mu mabokosi awiri a amuna, ndipo chifukwa chake pali zipinda zosambira za amuna ndi akazi, zipinda zosintha, magulu a masewera ndi zina zotero. N'zotheka kuti mavuto omwe ana amatha kumverera angachoke chifukwa cha chiyembekezero cha dziko lonse kuti chiwerengero cha amai ndi chachilendo. Mwinamwake, ngati anthu amavomerezedwa bwino ndikukhala ndi chidziwitso cha amai, ndiye kuti anawo amamva bwino komanso osasokonezeka.

> Zosowa

> Anna, IR, et al. Gender dysphoria ndi autism spectrum matenda: Kufotokozera mwachidule. Kukambitsirana Kwachidule kwa Psychiatry. 2016; 28 (1): 70-80.

> Baron-Cohen, S. The Extreme Male Brain Theory ya Autism. YAM'MBUYO YOTSATIRA MITU YA NKHANI 2002; 6 (6): 248-254.

> George, R, ndi Stokes, M. "Gender Sindikupita Kwambiri!": Gender Dysphoria ndi Autism Spectrum Disorder. Mu: Mazzone, L, ndi Vitiello, B. Zizindikiro za m'maganizo ndi Comorbidities mu Autism Spectrum Disorder. Switzerland: Springer; 2016.

> Kennedy, N. Cisgenderism Cultural Culture: Zotsatira za kusamvera. Psychology ya Akazi Kuyankha Gawo. 2013; 15 (2): 3-11.

> Strang, JF, ndi al. Maphunziro otsogolera oyambirira a Co-Occurring Autism Spectrum Disorder ndi Gender Dysphoria kapena Incongruence kwa Achinyamata. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology. 2016; 1-11.