Kusewera mankhwala kungathandize ana ndi makolo
Ana aang'ono amaphunzira kudzera kusewera. Kawirikawiri kulera ana kumagwiritsa ntchito masewera kuti akhale ndi luso komanso zamakhalidwe abwino, kuyesa umunthu ndi zosiyana, komanso kupanga mabwenzi. Ana ovomerezeka, komabe, akhoza kusewera m'njira zosiyanasiyana . Iwo amatha kusewera okha, ndipo masewera awo nthawi zambiri amabwereza, popanda cholinga china m'maganizo.
Amasiyidwa okha, ana autistic nthawi zambiri amakhalabe ovuta, osakhoza kufufuza luso lawo kapena zofuna zawo.
Kusewera mankhwala ndi chida chothandizira ana autistic kukhala enieni enieni. Zingakhalenso zida zothandizira makolo kuphunzira kuyankhulana bwino ndi ana awo pamasewerawa.
Kodi Maseŵera Osewera Ndi Chiyani?
Pewani mankhwala omwe poyamba anabadwira ngati chida chothandizira achinyamata kugonjetsa matenda, nkhawa, ndi matenda a maganizo. Momwemo, kusewera kumakhala njira kuti ana athe kufotokoza maganizo awo ndikupeza njira zothetsera mavuto.
Mtundu woterewu ndi wotchuka kwambiri; Komabe, sizinthu zofanana ndi kusewera mankhwala monga momwe anagwiritsira ntchito kwa ana omwe ali ndi autism.
Akatswiri ambiri opereka chithandizo chotchedwa "play therapy" kwa ana omwe ali ndi autism akupereka chinthu chofanana ndi Floortime Therapy. Nthaŵi ya pansi ndi njira yopangira masewero omwe amamanga zofuna zawo kapena zofuna za ana kuti azitha kupanga ubale ndi luso labwino.
The Play Project ndi njira ina yokhayokha yomwe imagwiritsira ntchito masewera monga chida cha maluso omanga ku autistic ana. Monga Floortime , imamanga zofuna za ana.
N'zotheka kukhala ovomerezeka mwakhama mu Floortime therapy kudzera pulogalamu yotsimikiziranso yomwe ili ndi zinthu zambiri.
Chizindikiritsochi chimaperekedwa kudzera mu bungwe la Interdisciplinary Council on Developmental and Learning Disorders (ICDL) koma sichidziwika ndi bungwe lililonse lachipatala. Motero, ambiri "ochita masewero" sali odziwa zambiri monga momwe akudziwira komanso / kapena ophunzitsidwa. Inde, monga momwe zilili ndi mankhwala onse a autism, onus ndi kholo kuti afufuze maziko, zolemba, ndi zolembera, ndi kuyang'anitsitsa patsogolo.
Kodi Munthu Amene Ali ndi Autism Ayenera Kuwona Wotani?
Autism makamaka ndi matenda a chikhalidwe cha anthu. Ana omwe ali ndi autism amavutika kwambiri kulumikizana ndi ena m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Mmalo mwake, mwachitsanzo, kudziyesa chidole ndi khanda kwenikweni, amatha kuganizira kwambiri zinthu, kuzigwiritsa ntchito kuti azisangalatsa, komanso kukhala wodzikonda.
Kusewera ndi chida chabwino chothandizira ana (ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale akuluakulu) kuti asunthire kupitirira kudzikonda kwa autism kukhala enieni, kuyanjana. Kugwiritsiridwa bwino, kusewera kungathandizenso achinyamata kuti azifufuza momwe akumvera, malo awo, komanso maubwenzi awo ndi makolo awo, abale awo, ndi anzawo.
Kawirikawiri, kusewera ma ARV kungathandize makolo kutenga mbali mwa kukula kwa mwana wawo wa autistic.
Kusewera mankhwala kungaphunzitsidwe kwa makolo, ndipo, patapita nthawi, makolo akhoza kukhala wothandizira mwana wawo komanso kumanga ubale wamphamvu ndi wofunika kwambiri.
Kodi Wolemba Wotani Amachita Chiyani?
Wopanga masewera abwino atsikira pansi ndi mwana wanu ndipo amamupangitsa kumusangalatsa. Mwachitsanzo, wodwalayo angapange zida zingapo zomwe mwana amapeza zosangalatsa, ndipo amulole kuti asankhe chomwe, ngati chiri chonse, amamukonda. Ngati atanyamula sitima yachinyamatayo ndikuyendetsa kumbuyo ndi kutsogolo, mwachidziwikire mopanda cholinga, wothandizira angatenge sitima ina ndikuiyika patsogolo pa sitima ya mwanayo, kutseka njira yake.
Ngati mwanayo atayankha, kaya ndi mau kapena osayankhula, ubale wayamba.
Ngati mwanayo sakuyankha, wodwalayo angayang'ane zosankha zapamwamba, zamagetsi zogwira mwanayo. Bulu akufuula nthawi zambiri zimakhala bwino, monga momwe zidole zimasunthira, zimathamanga, zimagwedeza, ndi zina zimachita chinachake.
Patapita nthawi, othandizira amagwira ntchito ndi mwanayo kuti amange luso labwino (kugawana, kutembenukira), luso la kulingalira (kudziyerekezera kuti adye nyama ya chidole, kuphika luso lodziyerekezera) komanso ngakhale luso loganiza. Pamene mwana akukhala bwino kuyanjana ndi ena, ana ena angabweretsedwe mu gulu, ndipo maluso aumphawi ambiri amamangidwa.
Makolo ambiri amapeza kuti akhoza kusewera paokha, pogwiritsa ntchito mavidiyo ndi mabuku ngati chitsogozo. Ena amadalira zomwe zinachitikira akatswiri ochita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Ndipo komabe, ena amasankha kumangobweretsa ana awo kwa ochita masewero kapena kupita nawo kunyumba kwawo. Mulimonsemo, masewerawa angapatse makolo zipangizo zogwirizanako ndi kusangalala ndi ana awo pa autism spectrum .
Mmene Mungapezere Wophunzira Wokwanira
Kusewera mankhwala kungaperekedwe kudzera pulogalamu yowonongeka koyambirira ngati ntchito yaulere, kapena ikhoza kuphatikizidwa mu pulogalamu yapadera yophunzira kusukulu. Sizingatheke kuti ziphatikizidwe ku sukulu ya sukulu ya public school, ngakhale kuti zingatheke kuti mulanduwo kuti pulogalamu imeneyi ikhale yoyenera kwa mwana wanu. Kunja kwa mapulojekitiwa, nkosavuta kuti maseŵerawo azisungidwa ndi mtundu uliwonse wa inshuwalansi, kotero ndi kwa kholo kuti apeze ndi kulipilira odwala.
Ngati mukufunafuna katswiri wa nthawi ya Pansi, pitani ku webusaiti ya Floortime ndikuyang'ana wodwala wamba. Ngati simukukhala pafupi ndi mzinda waukulu, simungathe kupeza munthu woteroyo pafupi, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mukufunikira kuyenda ndi / kapena kugwira ntchito ndi wodwala kutali. Izi zikukwaniritsidwa mwa kuphatikiza mavidiyo omwe ali nawo pamodzi ndi ma foni; pamene si zabwino, izi zingakhale zothandiza.
Ngati mukuyang'ana munthu wina wam'deralo ndi chidziwitso ndi luso lochita masewero osiyanasiyana, mungapeze zomwe mukuyang'ana kwa wodwalayo kapena mwana wamaganizo ndi mwana wapadera mu autism. Mwinanso mungapeze pulojekiti yothandizira (nthawi zambiri pulogalamu ya gulu) yoperekedwa kudzera m'makliniki a autism, zipatala, kapena opereka chithandizo.
> Zotsatira:
> Hess, Esther. DIR® / Nthaŵi ya Pansi: Umboni Wopereka Umboni Pazochiza Chithandizo cha Autism ndi Kusokoneza Maganizo kwa Ana ndi Achinyamata . Int J Child Health Hum Dev 2013; 6 (3): 00-00.
> Solomo, Richard. Kuwonetsa Pakhomo Pakhomo la Pulojekiti Kuyanjanitsa Pulogalamu ya Ana Aang'ono Omwe Ali ndi Vuto la Autism Spectrum: Kuyesedwa kosalamulirika . J Dev Behav Matenda 35: 475-485, 2014.