Mankhwala a steroid amachotsedwa pa matenda osiyanasiyana. Anthu ambiri amaganiza za mankhwala otchedwa steroids ndipo nthawi yomweyo amaganiza za zotsatira zoipa ngati kulemera, mwezi-nkhope (kutupa kwa nkhope) ndi kusintha maganizo. Anthu ambiri alibe zotsatira zambiri pafupipafupi za mankhwala a steroid masiku 10-14 kapena kuposa. Komabe, atatengedwa nthawi yaitali, pangakhale zotsatira zina zoopsa kwambiri.
Tikamamwa steroids kapena mankhwala ena onse, makamaka pakamwa, mankhwalawa amatengedwa kuchokera m'mimba kupita ku matenda athu komanso amayenda kumadera onse a matupi athu, kuphatikizapo maso athu. Chotsatira chake, madokotala ali osamala kwambiri polemba steroids. Zimatchulidwa bwino kuti mankhwala opatsirana am'thupi amatengedwa kwa nthawi yaitali angathe kuonjezera chiopsezo chokhala ndi nthendayi .
Kodi Cataract N'chiyani?
Katemera wathanzi ndi khungu la diso la diso. Anthu ambiri okalamba amakhala ndi vuto la kupweteka kwambiri chifukwa cha vutoli. Ndili ndi udindo wowonetsa kuwala pa retina, ndi kupanga mafano omveka bwino. Lens ili ndi mphamvu yosintha mawonekedwe. Pamene likusintha mawonekedwe, likhoza kuwonjezeka kapena kuchepa mphamvu, lotchedwa malo ogona. Koma pakapita nthawi, disolo limakhala lovuta komanso limatha kutha.
Lens lonse lili mkati mwa kapule ya lens. Pamene maso akutha, maselo akufa amaunjikira mu capsule ya lens, kuchititsa kuti disolo likhale pang'onopang'ono kukhala mvula.
Kuwala komwe kawirikawiri kumayang'aniridwa ndi lens kumatayika kuzungulira chifukwa cha kutayika, kotero masomphenya sali omveka bwino komanso owoneka.
Pali mitundu itatu yambiri ya katemera , nyukiliya, cortical ndi posterior subcapsular. Titha kukhala ndi vuto limodzi kapena onse atatu pamene tikukula. Komabe, katemera wa posterior subcapsular akhoza kukhala wowononga kwambiri.
Ndipotu, posterior subcapsular amafala kwambiri kwa achinyamata. Mankhwala a posterior subcapsular angayambidwe ndi matenda osiyanasiyana monga shuga. Anthu ena amabadwa ndi ziwalo za posterior subcapsular. Chinthu chimodzi chodziwika bwino cha mtundu uwu wamatenda ndi ntchito yowonjezera ya oral steroids monga prednisone. Mukamatenga prenisone nthawi yaitali, pamakhala chiopsezo kwambiri kuti mukhale ndi matenda osokoneza bongo.
Steroid Mankhwala
Mankhwala a steroid amachotsedwa pa matenda osiyanasiyana. Anthu ambiri amaganiza za mankhwala otchedwa steroids ndipo nthawi yomweyo amaganiza za zotsatira zoipa ngati kulemera, mwezi-nkhope (kutupa kwa nkhope), ndi kusintha maganizo. Anthu ambiri alibe zotsatira zambiri pafupipafupi za mankhwala a steroid masiku 10-14 kapena kuposa. Komabe, atatengedwa nthawi yaitali, pangakhale zotsatira zina zoopsa kwambiri. Tikamamwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kapena mankhwala ena onse, makamaka pakamwa, mankhwalawa amalowa m'thupi lathu ndikupita kumadera onse a matupi athu, kuphatikizapo maso athu. Chotsatira chake, madokotala ali osamala kwambiri polemba steroids. Zimatchulidwa bwino kuti mankhwala opatsirana am'thupi amatengedwa kwa nthawi yaitali angathe kuonjezera chiopsezo chokhala ndi nthendayi.
Steroids yosakanikirana ndi matenda oopsa
Madokotala amaperekanso mankhwala otchedwa steroids monga mankhwala opatsirana, monga inhaler for asthma. Anthu ena amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala otsekemera tsiku ndi tsiku. Mwachidziwikire, madokotala ankadandaula za kuchuluka kwa chiopsezo chotenga steroids chomwe chingathe kuchititsa kuti anthu azigwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa chifukwa tikudziwa kuti mankhwala opatsirana amlomo amatha kuonjezera pangozi.
Kafukufuku wafukufuku wokhudza steroid yosakanizidwa anapeza kuti pangakhale chiopsezo chowonjezereka cha kachipatala ndi madigiri apamwamba a steroid. Iwo adapeza kuti panalibe vuto lalikulu kwa odwala omwe adatenga mlingo wotsika kwambiri wa steroid, pafupifupi 500 mcg (micrograms).
Koma adapeza kuti chiopsezochi chinawonjezeka kufika 70% kwa iwo omwe ali ndi mlingo waukulu kwambiri, kufika 1600 mcg. Chiopsezocho chinapitanso nthawi yaitali munthu atatenga steroid yosakanizidwa. Vuto la kukula kwa mtundu umenewu wa nthendayi liwonjezeka ngati pakati pa okalamba. Zosintha zomwe zimapezeka pa diso la diso lomwe timapanga kukhala ndi "msinkhu wokalamba" wa mtundu wa cataracts zimatipangitsanso kuti tikhale ndi cataract posterior pamene tikutenga steroid yapamwamba kwambiri.
Zimene Muyenera Kudziwa
Chinthu chabwino pa phunziroli ndi chakuti zinasonyeza kuti muyenera kutenga zochuluka kuposa kuchuluka kwa kuchulukitsidwa kwazomwe mumazembera tsiku lonse kuti muonjezere chiopsezo chanu chokhala ndi cataract posterior subcapsular. Steroid yosakanikirana imasiyanasiyana pang'ono mu kuchuluka kwa mankhwala pamutu. Anthu ambiri amatenga 1-2 phokoso patsiku. Malingana ndi mlingo, muyenera kutenga zisambo zisanu ndi chimodzi patsiku kapena kuzembera 36 patsiku kuti muwonjezere chiopsezo chanu.
Ambiri ofufuza amakhulupirira kuti kufufuza kwina kuyenera kuchitidwa kuti zitsimikizire kuti chiopsezo ichi chikuwonjezeka, chifukwa zambiri zimakhudza zomwe zimakhudza chitukuko cha nthendayi.
Kuchokera
Smeeth, L. British Journal ya Ophthalmology, vol 87: pp 1247-1251. "Kuopsa kwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi glaucoma omwe amagwiritsa ntchito steroid yosakanikirana." Oct 2003.