Spondylolysis ndi mawu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofotokozera chikhalidwe chomwe chimapwetekedwa m'madera ena a mzere wa msana. Dera ili la mzere wa msana, wotchedwa pars interarticularis, limagwirizanitsa vertebrae pamsana. Dokotala akakuuzani (kapena mwana wanu) ali ndi spondylolysis, akunena kuti kupwetekedwa mtima (kapena kupanikizika) mu vertebrae.
Chifukwa cha Kupsinjika Maganizo M'mphepete
Izi ndizimene zimayambitsa matenda a spondylose. Izi zikuphatikizapo:
- Genetics: Anthu ena amangofuna kuti chitukuko chisawonongeke m'malo ano. Izi zikhoza kukhala zotsatira za mawonekedwe kapena mphamvu ya fupa, kugwirizana kwa vertebrae, za kukula kwa ubwana ndi unyamata.
- Zochita za masewera: Zochitika zina zapadera zamasewero zimapangitsa kuti kupeza kwa spondylolysis kukhale kotheka, makamaka masewera omwe amafuna kugwiritsira ntchito (kubwerera mmbuyo) a mphalapala. Masewerawa ndi monga masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi kuthamanga. Achinyamata oterewa, spondylolysis angapezedwe mwa anthu 40 peresenti ya masewerawa.
Zizindikiro za Spondylolysis
Achinyamata ambiri othamanga alibe zizindikilo, ngakhale kuti akupeza zovuta zowonongeka pazithunzi zojambula. Pamene othamanga achinyamata ali ndi zizindikiro, zizindikiro zomwe zimafala kwambiri ndizo:
- Kupweteka kochepa kumbuyo (nthawi zina kumawombera m'thumba kapena ntchafu)
- Ululu woonjezera (kubwerera mmbuyo) wa msana
- Mitsempha yopangira hamstring
Ana kapena achinyamata omwe akudandaula kuti akulephera kupanikizika m'mitsempha yawo angafunikire mayeso ojambula. Poyesera kuchepetsa odwala achinyamata kuti adziwe kuyamwa kwa mayesero ena, dokotala wanu angakulimbikitseni kuyamba ndi mankhwala oyamba kuti awone ngati ali othandiza.
Chifukwa chakuti mankhwala osagwira ntchito nthawi zonse amakhala otsimikizika kumayambiriro akale a chikhalidwe ichi, nthawi zambiri masewera olimbitsa thupi saloledwa poyamba, ndipo amasungidwa kwa odwala omwe samasintha ndi mankhwala osavuta.
Pamene mayesero amachitika, kawirikawiri ma x-ray adzakhala mayeso oyambirira omwe amapezeka. X-rays ndi ofunikira kufufuza msinkhu wa msana, ndipo kuonetsetsa kuti kupweteka kwapweteka sikunayambitse mavuto ndi msinkhu wa msana. Mayesero ena omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri ndi monga CT scans, MRIs, ndi fupa.
Spondylolysis ikhoza kukhala yokwanira, kapena ikhoza kukhala yopweteka kwambiri. Pamene matendawa ali pambali zonse (zimapezeka kumbali zonse ziwiri za msana) zingayambitse matenda otchedwa spondylolisthesis . Pachikhalidwe ichi, thupi lopweteka limatha "kuthamangira" patsogolo pa vertebrae pansipa. Chifukwa chake izi zimapezeka kuti nyumba zomwe zimagwirizanitsa pafupi ndi vertebrae zimawonongeka chifukwa cha kupweteka kwapanikizika, choncho mzere wa msana umakhala wosakhazikika.
Kuchiza kwa Spondylolysis
Monga tanenera, nthawi zambiri chithandizo chili ndi zifukwa zosagwira ntchito. Poyamba kupwetekedwa mtima ndi kupsinjika maganizo, pali machiritso a spondylolysis. Chofunika kwambiri pa chithandizo choyenera ndi kupumula kokwanira kuchokera ku ntchito zowonjezereka.
Pofuna kutsimikizira kuti fupa liri mokwanira, madokotala ena amalimbikitsa chingwe kuti athetse mafupa okhudzidwa. Thandizo la thupi lingakhale njira zabwino zothandizira kukonza kuyenda ndi kuwonjezera mphamvu. Mankhwala monga NSIADs , mankhwala odana ndi zotupa, angakhale othandiza kuthetsa ululu. Nthaŵi zosazolowereka chabe ndizochita opaleshoni zomwe zimayenera kukonzanso kupweteka kwa msana. Opaleshoni nthawi zambiri amasungidwa kwa odwala omwe amapanga chitukuko chopita patsogolo, kapena zolemba zapondylose, za mzere wa msana.
Zotsatira:
Cavalier R, Herman MJ, Cheung EV, Pizzutillo PD. Spondylolysis ndi Spondylolisthesis kwa Ana ndi Achinyamata: I. Kusanthula, Mbiri Yachilengedwe, ndi Utsogoleri Wachikhalidwe. J Am Acad Kupatula Opaleshoni. 2006 Jul; 14 (7): 417-24.