Chidutswa cha Verinbrae ya Spinal
Spondylolisthesis ndi mawu omwe opanga opaleshoni amagwiritsa ntchito kufotokoza kusuntha kwa vertebra imodzi pamwamba pa mzake. Zikhoza kuyambitsidwa ndi ukalamba kapena kubwereza kachilombo koyambitsa matenda ndipo zimakhala ndi zizindikiro zambiri zochokera kuzinthu zowawa komanso zizindikiro za mitsempha. Mawu osokoneza awa amatchulidwa "spon-dih-low-lis-you-sis".
Mitsemphayi ndi mafupa opangidwa ndi bokosi omwe amathiridwa pamwamba pa mzake amapanga ndondomeko ya msana.
Mtundu uliwonse umaphatikizidwa mwadongosolo pamwamba ndi pansipa. Poyang'ana kuchokera kumbali, mzere wa msana umakhala ndi chivundikiro chofanana ndi S (onani chithunzi), koma vertebra iliyonse ikhale yoyenera pamwamba pa vertebra pansipa.
Mu spondylolisthesis, vertebrae amasintha kuchoka ku malo awo ozoloŵera, chikhalidwe chomwe chimatchulidwa nthawi zambiri ngati "chotupitsa chala." Nthawi zambiri, izi ndizopang'onopang'ono.
Zifukwa za Spondylolisthesis
- Kusintha kwapadera kwapadera
Zolemba zapondylolisthesis ndizofala kwambiri chifukwa cha magulu a msana akugwera pamwamba pa wina ndi mnzake. Patapita nthaŵi, ukalamba umawononga kuphulika kwa thupi, kuphatikizapo mafupa, ziwalo, ndi mitsempha yomwe imagwirizanitsa phokosolo. Kuwonongeka koopsa kungayambitse kufooka kwa mzere wa msana. Ngati chifuwachi chimasintha kufika pamtima pamene mitsempha ndi ziwalo sizingakhale ndi malo oyenera a pamphepete mwa msana, ndiye kuti mpweya wotuluka m'mimba umatuluka.
- Isthmic Spondylolisthesis
Isthmic spondylolisthesis ndi chifukwa cha vuto linalake la msana mumtsempha wotchedwa spondylolysis . Spondylolysis ndi vuto linalake mu mgwirizano umodzi wofunika pakati pa vertebrae ya msana. Cholakwikachi makamaka chimakhala chifukwa cha kubwereza kachilombo kofiira pakati pa ubwana. Masewera ena amawoneka kuti amachititsa ana kukhala ndi mwayi wopanga spondylolysis, kuphatikizapo masewera olimbitsa thupi, kuthamanga, ndi mpira. Pamene spondylolysis imapezeka kumbali zonse za mzere wa msana pamlingo wina, vesi lachinyontho limatha kutha. Muzochitika izi, zolemba zamagulu zamagulu zingakhale zotsatira.
Zina mwa zifukwa zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a spondylotichesis zimaphatikizapo zolakwika za msana, zoopsa, zotupa, ndi opaleshoni.
Zizindikiro za Spondylolisthesis
Zizindikiro za spondylolisthesis zikhoza kukhala zosiyana ndi zovuta zowoneka pa X-ray (palibe zizindikiro) kupweteka kwa msana ndi kupweteka kwa mwendo ndi kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha. Matenda ambiri a spondylolisthesis kwa ana amachititsa zizindikiro zochepa. Kupweteka kwapakati kochepa kungapezeke, makamaka pamene mukugwedeza kumbuyo.
Pamene mitsempha yotuluka mumsana wa msana, kapena msana wa msana, umasulidwa ndi spondylolisthesis, ndiye zizindikiro za mitsempha zimatha. Zizindikiro za mitsempha zomwe zimawonedwa zimakhala zofanana ndi zizindikiro zomwe zimawonedwa ndi disc . Zizindikirozo zikuphatikizapo:
- Kupweteka kwa m'mimba
- Magetsi ngati zizindikiro zimayenda pamtunda
- Kunjenjemera kapena kugwedeza miyendo ndi mapazi
- Kufooka kwa minofu kwa miyendo
Zizindikiro zina zikhoza kuchitika. Ngati mukuwona zizindikiro za mavuto ndi matumbo kapena chikhodzodzo kapena nthendayi iliyonse pamimba, muyenera kuchenjeza dokotala mwamsanga. Zizindikiro izi zikhoza kukhala chizindikiro cha matenda a cauda equina ndipo zingakhale zosavuta kuchipatala.
Kuchiza kwa Spondylolisthesis
Chithandizo cha spondylolisthesis ndi chochuluka, kuchokera ku zozizwitsa mpaka kupaleshoni kwa msana.
Kusankha njira yoyenera yothandizira kwambiri kumadalira msinkhu wa wodwalayo, mtundu wamatope, ndi zizindikiro zomwe wodwalayo amapeza.
Ngati kachilombo kameneka ndi kochepa ndipo zizindikiro zimatheka, ndiye kuti nthawi zambiri mankhwala amachiritso amatha. Kwa ana, izi zingaphatikizepo zoletsa zochita, monga kulepheretsa mwana kutenga nawo mbali masewera ena.
Pamene kutsekemera kuli kofunika kwambiri, pangakhale ngozi yaikulu ya vutoli, ndipo opaleshoni ikhoza kutonthozedwa. Kuonjezera apo, odwala omwe ali ndi zizindikiro za mitsempha ya mitsempha nthawi zambiri amachita opaleshoni.
Mitsempha imatha kuwonongeka kwamuyaya ngati pali kupweteka kwanthaŵi yaitali kwa mitsempha.
Zotsatira:
Jones TR ndi Rao RD "Chidwi Chachikulu Chakuda Kwambiri" J. Am. Acad. Orthop. Kukonza., October 2009; 17: 609 - 617.
Cavalier R, et al. "Spondylolysis ndi Spondylolisthesis kwa Ana ndi Achinyamata: I. Kusanthula, Mbiri Yachilengedwe, ndi Utsogoleri Wachikhalidwe" J. Am. Acad. Orthop. Kukula, July 2006; 14: 417 - 424.