Njira yodziwika yofufuza kafukufuku wa chithokomiro
Njira yowunika kwambiri yowunika kafukufuku wa chithokomiro kapena masisitere ndi njira yomwe imadziwika kuti yabwino ya singano, yomwe ili ngati FNA.
Mu FNA, singano yabwino kwambiri, yowonjezera imayikidwa mu chithokomiro chanu, kuti mukhale ndi aspirate (kapena "kutuluka") maselo ndi / kapena zamadzimadzi kuchokera kumatenda anu a chithokomiro kapena misa mu singano. Chitsanzo chopezekacho chikhoza kuyesedwa kuti akhalepo ndi maselo a khansa.
Kodi FNA Imasiyanasiyana Bwanji ndi Chosowa Chachikulu?
Mu singano yamakono, sing'anga, yaikulu singano imagwiritsidwa ntchito kupeza "core" chitsanzo cha minofu kuti chifufuze, komanso zitsanzo zazikulu zomwe zingathenso kubwereza zitsanzo zing'onozing'ono zomwe zingatumizedwe kuti ziwone bwino. Nkhumba za bizinesi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito anesthesia, ndipo njirazi zimakhala ndi chiopsezo chochepa chokhala ndi magazi okhudzana ndi iwo, choncho nthawi zambiri amachitidwa ndi dokotala wa opaleshoni kapena wopita kuchipatala.
Ngati HMO kapena dera lawo liribe akatswiri odziwa kupanga FNA, kapena palibe akatswiri a cytopathologist omwe amapezeka kuti apange mawonekedwe apadera omwe amafunikira pa FNA zotsatira, odwala amatha kukhala ndi chingwe chachikulu, monga njirayi, pamene ena amawononga kwa odwala, amafunikira luso lochepa kuti apeze zitsanzo zabwino, ndi luso lochepa la odwala kuti awerenge ndi kutanthauzira.
Ndani ayenera kupanga FNA?
Kawirikawiri, ma FNA amachitika ndi akatswiri a zachipatala, a cytopathologists, kapena opaleshoni.
Maselo amawerengedwa ndikuyesedwa ndi cytopathologist.
Onetsetsani kuti dokotalayo ali ndi zambiri zedi pakuchita zabwino zokhumba za singano. Funsani zofuna zambiri zomwe aphunzitsi amachita mwezi uliwonse, ndipo funsani kuchuluka kwawo kwa "zosakhutiritsa" kapena "zosakwanira". Nthawi zonse musamaganize kuti katswiri wina wamaphunziro a sayansi ya zakuthambo amadziwa kwambiri njirayi - sangathe kuchita izi nthawi zonse.
Mlingo wa zitsanzo zopanda kuganizira kapena zosakhutiritsa - zitsanzo zomwe sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito pa kafukufuku wa laboratory, ndipo ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa - zikhoza kukhala zazikulu kwa akatswiri ena ochepa. Yolanda Oertel, MD, katswiri wa zachipatala wochokera ku chipatala cha Washington yemwe analankhula za FNA ku msonkhano wa Thyroid (Association of Thyroid Survivor's Association (ThyCa) ku Washington, DC, akuchenjeza odwala kuti apeze momwe angapangidwire. Ambiri angathe kuthamanga kuchokera 5 mpaka 15 peresenti. Dr. Oertel, yemwe amachita zambiri pa chithokomiro ndi ziyembekezo za m'mawere, ndi omwe aspirators pafupifupi makoswe 90 mwezi uliwonse, ali ndi chiwerengero cha "osadziŵa" chiri pansi pa 0 peresenti.
Zindikirani: mayesero apadera amapezeka pa zotsatira za FNA zomwe zimatchedwa Afirma Thyroid Analysis , kuchokera ku Veracyte, zomwe zimathetsa zambiri zomwe sizidziwika, zosadziwika, kapena zosadziwika za FNA. Chiyesocho chiyenera kukonzedweratu kuti chikwaniritsidwe ngati gawo la ndondomeko yoyenera.
Kodi FNA Imapangidwa Kuti?
Ma FNA ambiri amachitidwa ku ofesi ya udokotala, ngakhale kuti ena angachitidwe opaleshoni yapadera .
Dr. Oertel, komabe, amalimbikitsa kuti odwala asapeze FNA kunja kwa chipatala. Ngakhale kuti njirayi imakhala yotetezeka, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta, pali chiopsezo chochepa cha kuchepa kwa magazi, koma chikhoza kuchitidwa mwamsanga kuchipatala.
Kodi FNA Yotsogoleredwa ndi Chipangizo Chotani?
Pamene nkhono sizingatheke - kutanthawuza, mukhoza kuigwira ndi dzanja lanu - akatswiri ambiri safunikira kugwiritsa ntchito ultrasound kutsogolera ndondomeko ya FNA.
Mitsempha ina imakhala yonama kwambiri kapena imangomveketsa pamene mukumeza, kapena simungamve koma imatengedwa ndi ultrasound, kanema kapena MRI. Pazochitikazi, dokotala angagwiritse ntchito ultrasound kuti atsimikizire kuti FNA ikuchitidwa molondola.
Zoopsya Zogwirizana
Matenda a chithokomiro a FNA amadziwika kuti ndi otetezeka, ndipo sakhala ndi zotsatira zovuta.
Kodi Zidzatipweteka?
Izo zimadalira luso la dokotala, malingaliro anu omwe a ululu.
Akatswiri ena amagwiritsa ntchito lidocaine, mankhwala osakanikirana am'deralo, kuti asokoneze malo opangira jekeseni. Koma odwala amadandaula kuti izi zingapweteke kwambiri kuposa momwe FNA imachitira. Madokotala ena samagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Pamsonkhano wa ThyCa, Dr. Oertel anafotokoza kuti sakugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, amasankha kugwiritsa ntchito phukusi kuti ayeretse khungu. Zomwe akuganiza: nthano yokhala ndi anesthetic imapanga mtanda ndi kutupa kuzungulira malo opatsirana omwe angasokoneze luso lopeza chitsanzo chabwino.
Ululu ndi Kubwezeretsa
Mutha kukhala ndi ululu pang'ono ndi kutupa ndi kuvulaza m'malo opangira jekeseni, ndipo mwinamwake kusokonezeka pang'ono pakumeza. Funsani dokotala wanu zokhudzana ndi mankhwala opweteka a FNA pambuyo pake - ambiri amalimbikitsa kutenga acetaminophen kapena ibuprofen monga momwe akufunira kuchepetsa vuto lililonse lokhazikika.
Kodi Mungabwerere kuntchito?
Anthu ambiri amatha kubwerera kuntchito tsiku lomwelo kapena tsiku lotsatira atakhala ndi FNA.
Koma muyenera kupewa kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwa maola 24 pambuyo pa FNA.
Zotsatira Zomwe Ziyenera Kuyembekezeka
Nthendayi imakhala yowopsa kwambiri ngati ili ndi zifukwa zina zoopsya:
- Mankhusu akuluakulu: kuposa mamita 4 peresenti amakhala odwala khansa kuposa kugwedeza pang'ono masentimita 4
- Mitsempha ya amuna nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi khansa kusiyana ndi mitsempha ya amayi, komabe, mimba ya amayi apakati ndi odwala kwambiri kuposa khansa ya mkazi wosayembekezera.
- Udzu wokhawokha umakhala wochuluka kwambiri kuposa khansa yomwe imapezeka mu chithokomiro "multinodular"
- Manodoma mwa munthu woposa 20 kapena kuposa 70
- Mbiri yakale ya ulusi wa khosi kunja kwa ubwana
- "Kutentha" kumagwiritsa ntchito ultrasound, kutanthauza kuti nodule sichimwa ayodini kapena imayambitsa mahomoni a chithokomiro
Komabe, pomaliza, pafupifupi 5 peresenti ya mitsempha yonse ya chithokomiro ndi khansa.
Bwanji Ngati Icho Ndi Benign?
Ngati muli ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo, dokotala wanu akhoza kutenga mankhwalawa. Kuti mudziwe zambiri, phunzirani za mitsempha ya chithokomiro, mapuloteni ndi goiters monga chiyambi chanu.
Nanga Ngati Ndizoopsa / Khansa?
Ngati mwapezeka ndi khansara ya chithokomiro , choyamba choyimira chiyenera kukhala nkhani yotsatila, chiyambi cha khansa ya chithokomiro , yomwe ndi njira yabwino yoyambira kudziwa za khansa ya chithokomiro, kuphatikizapo papillary , follicular, medullary, ndi kansa ya plastiki , kuphatikizapo magulu othandizira komanso chithandizo chotsatira. Chotsatira chanu chiyenera kukhala kuti alowe mu Association of Survivor's Association, komanso kuti agwiritse ntchito mwayi wawo wothandizira odwala.
Bwanji Ngati Icho Chikudziwika Kapena Chokhazikika?
Ngati kachilombo sikhala kosavomerezeka, kale, madokotala akulimbikitsidwa opaleshoni kuchotsa zonse kapena mbali ina ya chithokomiro. Zaka 20 mpaka 30% zokhazokha kapena zosavomerezeka zili ndi khansa, komabe. Izi zimachititsa opaleshoni yambiri yosafunikira, pamodzi ndi hypothyroidism nthawi zonse kwa odwala ambiri atachita opaleshoni. Chiyeso chomwe chinatulutsidwa mu 2011, njira ya Afirma Thyroid FNA, yotengedwa ndi Veracyte, imateteza zotsatira zenizeni / zowonjezereka za mitsempha, ndipo zimapereka zotsatira zowonjezereka za FNA, komanso kulepheretsa kuchitidwa opaleshoni pakati pa odwala 70 mpaka 80 mwa anthu osadziwika / mankhwala osakwanira, koma palibe khansa.
Kodi Mungathe Kudziwa Zonama?
Zotsatira zabodza, monga zonyenga zomwe zimasonyeza kuti FNA zotsatira zimakhala zowonongeka ngati ali ndi khansa, kapena kuti zonyenga zomwe zikuwonetsa nthendayi yowonongeka, ndi yofala kuposa momwe mukuganizira. Akatswiri ena amanena kuti pafupifupi pafupifupi 2 mpaka 4 peresenti ya FNA zonse zingakhale zotsatira zabodza.
Mawu Ochokera
Ndipo ngati muli ndi zovuta zenizeni kapena zosadziwika bwino ndipo simunayesedwe ndi FNA pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya Afirma Thyroid FNA Analysis, mungayesedwe kuti muyese ndondomekoyi musanayambe kuchitidwa opaleshoni.second.
Ngati muli ndi zotsatira zolakwika koma muli ndi zifukwa zoopsa kapena mbiri ya banja la khansa ya chithokomiro, makamaka, muyenera kulingalira kuti mutenge kachiwiri pa FNA yanu. Ndipo, ngati muli ndi zotsatira zabwino zomwe zimasonyeza khansara, yankho lachiwiri ndilofunikanso.
Mwina mungamve kuti simungamvetsetse ponena za dokotala wanu, kapena mukuganiza kuti dokotala wanu akukuonani, koma, monga momwe Dr. Oertel adayankhulira ku msonkhano wa ThyCa, "Pezani yankho lachiwiri. simungathe! "
> Chitsime:
> Dr. Yolanda Oertel, Msonkhanowu wa Msonkhano wa Odwala Chithokomiro.