Kutentha kwa ogwira ntchito kumatanthauzidwa ngati kutayika kwa changu cha ntchito, kumangokhalira kudzimva chisoni, ndi kudzichepetsa kwa zochita za munthu. Kuwotchera kumapitabe patsogolo. Kawirikawiri, kutopa kwa maganizo ndi kuwonetsa maganizo (kapena kusokoneza) ndi zizindikiro zosonyeza kuti akuyamba kugwira ntchito mopsereza. Amene ali m'mabungwe ena azachipatala amakhala otengeka kwambiri chifukwa cha kusiyana pakati pa zofuna ndi chuma mu chisamaliro.
Kusalinganika kumeneku kumayambanso kukumana ndi ntchito zina zomwe zimaphatikizapo "anthu ogwira ntchito" komanso chifukwa chovuta kupeza ntchitozi kuti ziwoneke. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kufunikira kwa chithandizo chamankhwala kumapitiriza kuwonjezeka, imodzi mwa njira zokha zothana ndi chiwerengero chowonjezeka ndi maola ogwira ntchito.
Mliri Wopsepuka Pakati pa Amayi Achimereka
The Medscape Dokotala Lifestyle Survey 2017, yomwe inaphatikizapo madokotala opitirira 14,000 kuchokera kuzinthu zosiyanasiyana zapadera, anatsimikizira kuti kupsyinjika ndi vuto lalikulu mu dongosolo lathu lachipatala. Malingana ndi lipoti laposachedwapa la Medscape, chiŵerengero cha madokotala ku United States omwe amatenthedwa ndi pafupifupi 50 peresenti. Izi zikutanthauza chimodzi mwa madokotala awiri ali ndi ubale wathanzi ndi ntchito yawo. Mkhalidwe ulipo pazochitika zonse zapadera ndi madera a dzikoli. Madokotala odwala mwadzidzidzi akukweza chithunzichi ndi 59 peresenti ya ophunzira omwe amawauza kuti akuopseza, motsogoleredwa ndi odwala matenda opatsirana pogonana / odwala matenda opatsirana pogonana (56 peresenti).
Madokotala am'banja, ogwira ntchito, komanso matenda opatsirana adokotala anabwera kwachitatu mwa 55 peresenti. Poyerekezera, kufufuza kwa Medscape kuyambira chaka cha 2013 kunawonetsa kuchuluka kwa kupitirira malire kwa magawo 40 peresenti, zomwe zimatanthawuza za zam'mwamba. Kafukufuku wina wofalitsidwa akufika pamapeto omwewo ponena za kuwonjezereka kwa madokotala pakati pa madokotala ku United States.
Sayansi ya Zaumoyo ndi Kutentha: Kukulitsa Mtumiki Wokonda
Pamene madokotala anaphatikizidwa mu Medscape Lifestyle Survey anafunsidwa za zomwe zimayambitsa kuwopsya kwawo, ambiri adatchula ntchito zachinsinsi ndikuwongolera makompyuta awo (monga EHRs). Zinthu ziwirizi zinali pakati pa anthu anayi ochimwa kwambiri. Phunziro lina, lofalitsidwa chaka chatha ku Mayo Clinic Proceedings, linawulula kuti madokotala omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mauthenga a zaumoyo (EHRs) ndi makina olemba mankhwala (PCOE) adakondwera kwambiri ndi nthawi yomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa ntchito zaubusa. Kuonjezerapo, mitengo yowopsya kwambiri komanso ngozi ya kupsereza kwambiri inali yaikulu pakati pa akatswiriwa.
Zofukufukuzi zikusonyeza kuti matelogalamu yamakono angakhale imodzi mwa zovuta zedi kwa madokotala ambiri omwe akuvutika ndi ntchito. Komabe, zingatanthauzenso kuti ngati zipangizo zamakono zatha bwino, zitha kuthandizira kusintha.
Njira imodzi yowonjezera chisangalalo chachipatala ndikupanga EHRs kukhala ochezeka kwambiri ndi ogwiritsa ntchito . Kafukufuku wa EHR wokhutiritsa chaka chilichonse mu 2016 wasonyeza kuti ma EHR ena amavomerezedwa bwino kuposa ena. Maphunziro ambiri anaperekedwa ku Epic, motsogozedwa ndi Meditech ndi Siemens. Ogwiritsira ntchito anadandaula zambiri za machitidwe omwe akugwiritsidwira ntchito, kuphatikizapo "kuwongolera kochuluka," machenjezo okhumudwitsa ndi osagwirizana.
Poganizira zonsezi, n'zosadabwitsa kuti atsogoleri ambiri othandizira zaumoyo akukonzekera kubwezeretsa kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamakono kuti apititse patsogolo chisangalalo cha ogwira ntchito komanso kukhazikitsa mapindu a EHRs . Kafukufuku wopangidwa ndi Nuance Communications, Inc. anapeza kuti njira zomwe zimakonzedwa kuti zipititse patsogolo chisamaliro cha chipatala ndi maphunziro ndi maphunziro, kupititsa patsogolo mateknoloji ndi zipangizo zomwe zilipo, ndi mapulojekiti oonjezera kukhazikitsidwa kwa matekinoloje atsopano. Anthu omwe anafunsidwawo anati akukonzekera kugulitsa mafakitale (44 peresenti), zolemba zachipatala zothandizira makompyuta (38 peresenti), ndi zipangizo zozindikiritsa mawu (25 peresenti).
Zoona Zenizeni za Kupanikizika Kwambiri mu Umoyo Wathanzi
Chowonadi chenicheni (VR) chagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda omwe amatha kupweteketsa maganizo (PTSD) m'magulu awiri a usilikali komanso anthu. Asanayambe kutumizidwa, asilikali tsopano nthawi zambiri amatha kupanikizika mu uphungu wa inoculation, womwe umawoneka kukhala wogwira mtima. Zaperekedwa kuti mapulogalamu ofanana omwe angatetezedwe angathenso kusinthidwa kuti athetse vutoli. Asayansi akhala akugwira ntchito pazinthu zowonjezera zamakono kuti zisawonongeke komanso kusamalidwa ndi chithandizo chamankhwala.
Pulojekiti imodziyi inayesedwa pa gulu la anamwino ku Italy. Njirayi ikuphatikizapo zochitika zenizeni, zochitika zenizeni zowunika komanso zothandizira, komanso zipangizo zamakono (monga VR, magetsi ovala, ndi mafoni yamakono). VR yogwiritsidwa ntchito mu phunziroli idaphatikizapo gawo-kuyesa vuto lomwe lingakhale lopweteka, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito zochitika zachilengedwe zozizwitsa kuti aphunzire njira zodzikongoletsa. Anamwino anadziwikanso ndi zochitika zenizeni pamoyo ndipo adayesedwa m'mayiko onse awiri pogwiritsira ntchito zilengedwe ndi kusanthula khalidwe. Njira imeneyi imatchedwa "interreality" (IR) ndipo yasonyezeratu kuti ili yothandiza kwambiri kusiyana ndi kuphunzitsidwa koyendetsa bwino, monga chidziwitso cha khalidwe labwino (CBT). Olemba za kuyesedwa, motsogoleredwa ndi Pulofesa Wothandizira Andrea Gaggioli a Istituto Auxologico Italiano ku Milan, Italy, adanena kuti kusiyana pakati pathu kungakhale njira yoyenera yothetsera kupanikizika ndi mankhwala.
Unzeru Zisanu ndi Ziwiri Zomwe Zingakuthandizeni Kukhala Woleza Mtima Maganizo
Akatswiri amati kupsinjika maganizo kumachitika chifukwa cha umunthu komanso zochitika za bungwe. Pamene makhalidwe ena amphatikiza ndi zikhalidwe zoopsa za chikhalidwe, munthu akhoza kukhala wovuta kwambiri kuntchito yomwe imabweretsa mavuto. Mwachitsanzo, ndemanga ya Brenda Wiederhold, Ph.D., ndi anzake ogwira ntchito ku Virtual Reality Medical Institute ku Brussels, ku Belgium, adawonetsa kuti kutaya mtima kwambiri, kudzichepetsa, kudzidzimva, kukhumudwa, komanso kudzikonda kumathandiza kuti . Koma mbali zina za bungwe komanso ntchito zina zingakhalenso ndi zotsatira zoipa (mwachitsanzo, nthawi ya kupanikizika, kusamalidwa bwino, kulankhulana bwino, kusasankha zochita pa ntchito, komanso malipiro osakwanira). Choncho, zowonjezera ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa pofuna kuchepetsa chiopsezo pazomwe zilipo payekha komanso payekha.
Njira zothandizira kupeza ndalama zakhala zowonjezera pa kafufuzidwe molimbika komanso ntchito. Mwachidule, kukhala wokhutira kumakhudza momwe timachitira ndi kulimbana ndi nthawi yovuta. Zimakhudza chimwemwe chathu, ndipo mwachisangalalo, chikhoza kukonzedwa bwino. Maluso asanu ndi awiri adziwika omwe angatipangitse kukhala olimba:
- Kuzindikira zotsatira za maganizo athu ndi zikhulupiriro zathu
- Kuzindikira mmene timapangidwira nthawi zambiri tikamaganizira zinthu-mwachitsanzo, pamene tikudumphira kuti tiwone
- Kudziwa malingaliro ndi zikhulupiriro zathu zomwe zimakhudza maganizo athu ndi makhalidwe athu
- Kuphunzira momwe mungabwerere ndikukhazikika pansi pamavuto
- Kuphunzira makhalidwe okhwima omwe amathetsa mavuto omwe akuphatikizapo zikhulupiriro zina zosakayikira
- Kuphunzira momwe tingagwiritsire ntchito zinthu moyenera kotero kuti tithe kuimitsa maganizo olakwika ndi kuwasintha ndi zinthu zenizeni
- Kuchita zenizeni zenizeni-izi zimachitika pakalipano ndipo zimagwirizanitsa luso lonse lapitalo lomwe latchulidwa
Mapulogalamu ndi Zida Zokuthandizani Kumanga Kukhalitsa ndi Kupewa Kutentha
Bungwe la Human Performance Resource Center (HPRC), lomwe linakhazikitsidwa ndi Dipatimenti ya Chitetezo mu 2009, limapereka umboni wogwiritsa ntchito umboni wolimbikitsana. Izi zikuphatikizapo mapulogalamu, zipangizo, ndi mavidiyo. T2 Mood Tracker ndi chitsanzo cha ntchito yomwe poyamba idapangidwira kwa anthu ogwira ntchito koma tsopano ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi anthu wamba. Pulogalamuyo imathandizira kudziyendetsa bwino kwa maganizo ndikumakumbukira zomwe wodwala akukumana nazo, nkhawa, ndi nkhawa. Pogwiritsa ntchito kufufuza ndi kuyeretsa, pulogalamuyi ingathandizenso kumanga mphamvu.
Pulogalamu ina yamakono yothandizidwa ndi HPRC ndi BioZen, pulogalamu ya biofeedback. Mapulogalamuwa akhoza kukhala ophatikizana ndi othandizira omwe ali kunja. Ogwiritsa ntchito akhoza kutsatira deta yamoyo ponena za ntchito zawo zamagulu, kuphatikizapo ubongo, minofu, ndi ntchito ya mtima. Angathe kumvetsetsa za kugwirizana pakati pa malingaliro awo ndi thupi lawo ndi malingaliro awo. BioZen imabwera ndi mbali yosinkhasinkha ndipo ikhoza kusonyeza magulu osiyanasiyana a mawonekedwe a ubongo (Alpha, Beta, Theta, Gamma). Ogwiritsira ntchito amatha kuona momwe alili otetezeka komanso amtendere mwa kugwiritsa ntchito chithunzi pa smartphone yawo ndi zochita zawo zamaganizo ndi mtima wawo. Pulogalamuyi imapereka ndemanga zokhuza mavuto awo powasintha chithunzi pazenera-mwachitsanzo, pamene chiwerengero cha mtima wanu chicheperapo, malo amtendere amapezeka.
Chipangizo Choyamikira Choyamikila Zaumoyo Wanu wa Zaumoyo
Kafukufuku akuwonetsanso kuti njira yabwino yowonjezeretsa kupirira kwanu ndikuchepetsa kuchepetsa nkhawa ndikutumiza ndi kuthokoza nthawi zonse. Mwachitsanzo, anthu omwe adatenga nthawi kuti avomereze chinthu chomwe adayamika tsiku ndi tsiku adapezeka kuti ali okhutira ndi miyoyo yawo poyerekeza ndi omwe sanatero.
Kafukufuku akuwonetsanso kuti mu chisamaliro, pali mgwirizano waukulu pakati pa kukhutitsidwa kwa odwala ndi chisamaliro ndi akatswiri a zachipatala pozindikira momwe moyo wawo umakhalira. Kukhala ndi maubwenzi abwino ndi odwala kungakhale chinthu chofunikira chomwe chingathandize kuchepa. Kafukufuku wochokera ku Dipatimenti ya Psychology ku Yunivesite ya Turin, ku Italy, adatsimikizira kuti pamene odwala amayamikira kuyamikira ndi kuthandizira, izi zikhoza kuchepetsa kupsa mtima pakati pa anamwino.
DohJe ndi luso lapamwamba lamagetsi lomwe limagwirizanitsa sayansi yoyamikira ndi moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku. Zimakhala zosavuta kuti anthu ayankhe kuyamikira kwa omwe apereka chithandizo chamankhwala, zomwe zingathandize kuti ogwira ntchito zaumoyo apereke thandizo. Zingakhale zosatheka nthawi zonse kufotokozera zakukhosi kwathu pamtima kapena kwa munthu woyenera, motero DohJe akhoza kusinthana nawo malingaliro awa. DohJe-zomwe zikutanthauza "zikomo" mu Cantonese-zinayambika mu 2013, pa Tsiku la National Nurses. Ndi ufulu kugwiritsa ntchito ndipo ukhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi odwala komanso ogwira nawo ntchito omwe akufuna kuwonana wina ndi mnzake.
Kutumiza DohJe, zonse zomwe muyenera kuchita ndikusankha malo omwe munapatsidwa. Mndandanda wa ogwira ntchito zachipatala ndi zithunzi zawo zimakuthandizani kupeza zomwe mukufuna kuthokoza. Inu (kapena munthu amene anaperekedwa) mukhoza kutumiza uthenga wolembedweratu kapena kudzipangira nokha. Malinga ndi woyambitsa Amanda Krantz, "kupitirira kusintha kwa ubwino, kuwonjezeka kuyamikira kungabweretsere ndalama zenizeni kuzipatala. Chaka chimodzi, antchito 600 ku chipatala cha Delta County Memorial adalandira malemba okwana 1,700 kudzera mwa DohJe, kuonjezera chiyamiko chawo chonse. Chaka chomwechi, antchito amagwiritsira ntchito maola 761 ochepa odwala odwala kuyambira chaka choyambirira. "
> Zotsatira:
> Converso D, Loera B, Viotti S, Martini M. Kodi kugwirizana ndi odwala kumathandiza bwanji ogwira ntchito zaumoyo? Zotsatira za kuyamikira kwa odwala ndi kuthandizira amwino a atesi. Front Psychol. 2015; 6: 470.
> Gaggioli A, Pallavicini F, Riva G, et al. Zochitika Zowona Zomwe Zimakhalapo ndi Kuwona Zenizeni Zenizeni (Zosagwirizana) Zokhudza Kusamalira Kusowa Kwa Maganizo: Kulimbana ndi Mavuto Otsogozedwa. J Med Internet Res. 2014; 16 (7): 54-72.
> Jackson R, Watkin C. Kufufuza molimba mtima: Njira zisanu ndi ziwiri zofunika kuthetsa zovuta za moyo ndikukhazikitsa chimwemwe . Kusankhidwa ndi Kupitanso patsogolo. 2004; 20 (6): 13-17.
> Shanafelt T, Dyrbye L, West C, et al. Ubale Pakati pa Mtolo Wamakalata ndi Makhalidwe a Malo Ovomerezeka ndi Dokotala Kupsinjika ndi Kukhutira Kwa Pulogalamu. Mayo Clin Proc. 2016; 91: 836-848.
> Wiederhold B, Riva G, Gaggioli A, Wiedrehold M. Physician Burnout: Kupititsa patsogolo Chithandizo chabwino ndi Chowonadi Chowonadi. Ophunzira a Zaumoyo Amaphunziro a Zaumoyo. 2016; 220: 454-458.