Ndondomeko Zophunzira Kwa Ophunzira Othawa Kapena Ovuta Kumva

Suzanne Raschke ndi Mphunzitsi Wothandizira Anthu Osamva ndi Ovuta Kumva ku MCESA (Midland County Educational Service Agency) ku Midland, Michigan.

Ambiri mwa akatswiri anzathu amatsutsidwa pofufuza pulogalamu yowunikira kulemba ndi zofuna za ophunzira awo.

Kuyendayenda m'magulu - Ndondomeko iti yowerengera?

Aphunzitsi amapitirizabe kufufuza pulogalamu yabwino yowerenga kuti athandize ophunzira omwe ali ogontha kapena osamva.

Kaya wophunzira wa DHH ali ndi chiwerengero cha kuŵerenga ali mu chipinda cha DHH kapena maphunziro apamwamba, akadali cholinga cha aphunzitsi kukonza / kukonzanso luso la kuwerenga mofulumira komanso mwamsanga. Ophunzitsi amadziwa kuti pulogalamu yowerengera iyenera kukhala yovomerezeka yokhazikika ndi kuthandizidwa ndi kufufuza mwakuya. Komabe, si zophweka kufanana ndi zochepa za DHH mapulojekiti oyenerera malangizowa ndi zosowa za wophunzira aliyense. Motero akupitiriza kufufuza kosangalatsa.

Kodi mumati phonemic kuzindikira anthu ogontha komanso omvera?

Pakati pa zigawo za chiwerengero cha kuwerengedwa chokhazikitsidwa ndi National Reading Panel ndi luso losangalatsa koma losokoneza la kudziwa kwa phonemic. Kodi wophunzira yemwe amamva kapena wogontha akumva bwanji phokoso lozindikira / kulumikizidwa kwa phonological? Kodi ife timaphunzitsa bwanji izo? Kodi timasiyira gawo lomwe limatchulidwa kuti ndilo buku lalikulu kwambiri la owerenga abwino?

Kodi luso labwino la phonological ndi luso lachilankhulo losauka limayambitsa luso lowerenga bwino? Kodi timapeza bwanji pulogalamu yothandizira zosowa za ophunzira athu omwe ndi ogontha kapena osamva?

Kodi kuyerekezera anthu osauka omwe ndi ogontha kapena osamva kumva pakumva ana omwe ali ndi vutoli amatithandiza kuzindikira njira?

Zopezeka m'nkhani yotsatirayi ndi njira zothandiza zomwe zingapereke malangizo pakufufuza njira zothandizira kuwerenga ndi mavuto a ophunzira omwe ali ogontha kapena osamva.

Ofufuzawa anafufuza ophunzira 79 omwe anali ogontha pogwiritsa ntchito mauthenga olankhulana ndi ophunzira 20 omwe ali ndi vutoli kuti adziwe ngati onse awiriwa anali ndi vuto lofanana ndi luso la phonological. Zomwe anapeza zimapereka ziganizo zotheka.

Kafukufuku wa Nuffield Foundation, Reading ndi Dyslexia kwa ana Azimva amayerekezera ana akumva osamva komanso ana osamva. Olemba, Herman, Roy & Kyle, adatsimikizira kuti ana omwe anali ogontha komanso ogwiritsira ntchito molankhulana ndi chilankhulo chosavuta komanso maluso a phonological anali ndi zofanana zofanana ndi zomwe zimachitikira ana akumva ali ndi dyslexia. Kodi magulu onse awiri ayenera kulandira njira zofanana zothandizira? Zomwe anapeza zikusonyeza kuti njira zomwe ophunzira omwe ali ndi vutoli angaphunzire kuti azikhala ogontha komanso azilankhulana momasuka ndi kuwerenga komanso kuwerenga.

Gwiritsani ntchito njira zodziwikiratu zomwe zimadziwitsidwa kuti tiwathandize ophunzira ndi dyslexia ndipo timathandizira ophunzira omwe ndi ogontha komanso omvera kwambiri pakudzikulira kwawo. Kodi njirazi ndi ziti?

Ophunzira omwe ali ndi matendawa amakhala ndi nzeru zambiri koma amatha kuwerenga bwino kuwerenga ndi kuwerenga. Zizindikiro zimakonda kufotokozera zigawo zazikulu za chilankhulo ndi zolembedwa monga nzeru zamaluso, luso lodziwitsira, luso losalankhulidwa, luso lofotokozera / luso lomvetsera, ndi zina zotero.

Malingana ndi International Dyslexic Association, njira yothandizira aliyense, kapena njira yothandizira, njira zothandizira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzanso zigawozi zapamwamba ndi ophunzira omwe ali ovuta kumvetsa:

• Zosintha
• Zowonjezera
• Fotokozani
• Zambiri-zomverera

Njirazi ziyenera kuyanjanitsa kulembedwa kwa kalata, mafilimu, kufalikira, kukumbukira kukumbukira, nyumba yomangika, kumvetsetsa, pamodzi ndi galamala ndi ma syntax.

Njira zina zomwe mungazizindikire: (zambiri mu Zida zomwe zili pansipa)

• Orton-Gillingham
• LANGUAGE! ndi Sopris
• Wilson Reading System
• Njira ya Spalding

Zotsatira zotsatirazi zidzakuthandizani kufufuza kwanu pamene mukufuna kupeza pulogalamu yoyenera (ndi yokwanira yolemba dyslexia) yophunzira kwa ophunzira anu omwe ndi ogontha kapena osamva kumva omwe akusowa thandizo lowerenga.

_{ZOKHUDZA NDI ZOCHITA:}

_{Makhalidwe Ophunzirira Odziwika ndi Maphunziro a Chilankhulo - Matrix a Multisensory Structured Language Programs ndi International Dyslexic Association}

_{Njira Yatsopano Yophunzitsira Ana Osamva ndi Kuwerenga Zovuta za Rosalind Herman, Fiona Kyle, ndi Penny Roy}

_{Kuwerenga ndi Kuvutika kwa Ana Osamva ndi Dr. Ros Herman, Pulofesa Penny Roy ndi Dr. Fiona Kyle (City University, London, 2014)}

_{Njira zothandizira ophunzira osamva ndi Prue Ruback}

_{Malangizo pa Aphunzitsi Kupereka Ophunzira Omwe Ali ndi Dyslexia M'kalasi ndi Team Editorial Team}