Umuna ndi selo lobadwa lachimuna. Amapanga mazira amtundu wambiri m'matumbo omwe amadziwika kuti timene timene timagwiritsa ntchito. Amasamukira ku epididymis, yomwe ili njira ina yowonongeka, komwe amalandira zakudya zowonjezera. Nthawi zambiri amatenga masiku khumi ndi awiri kuti apite kutalika kwa epididymis pomwe amatha kupanga feteleza dzira lachikazi (ovum).
Zosungidwa mu vas deferens omwe ali ndi mitsempha yosalala yomwe imatha kuyesa umuna kudzera mu urethra pokonzekera. Umunawu uli ndi tsamba limodzi la ma chromosomes 23, omwe amaphatikizana ndi ma chromosomes 23 a dzira akupanga dzira lonse la chromosome la feteleza lotchedwa zygote.
Ndani Ali pangozi Yoperewera?
Anthu amene alandira mankhwala a chemotherapy kapena mankhwala odzozereka ndi omwe amakhala ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha kusabereka. Kuwonjezera pa ma radiation kapena kuchuluka kwa mankhwala a chemotherapy, chiopsezo chachikulu. Pambuyo pa ma radiation, pafupifupi 65% mwa abambo amatha kutenga pakati. Anthu omwe amadwala cisplatin amakhala ndi mwayi wokhala ndi pakati 40 peresenti. Njira zina zochititsira opaleshoni, zomwe zidzafotokozedwe mwatsatanetsatane m'munsimu, zingathechititsenso kuti munthu asatengeke. Pafupipafupi, pafupifupi 50-80% ya odwala khansa ya testicular amakhalanso ndi chonde mkati mwa zaka zisanu za kumaliza mankhwala opatsirana khansa ya testicular.
Ngakhale popanda chithandizo, khansa yowona yokha imakhala chinthu chowopsa chifukwa cha kuchepetsa kubereka. Izi ndichifukwa chakuti khansa yowonetsa mthupi imayanjanitsidwa ndi zikhalidwe zina , zomwe zikhoza kuwonetsa kuchepa kwachonde, monga chithunzi chosadziwika (chidziwitso cha cryptorchidism). Kafukufuku wochulukirapo wanena kuti kukhalapo kwa chiwerengero cha umuna wa m'mimba komanso kuchepa kwa umuna kwa odwala khansa, ngakhale asanayambe chithandizo, poyerekeza ndi anthu ambiri.
Kodi Chemotherapy Imakhala Bwanji ndi Matenda Akumwa Chifukwa Chosawonongeka?
Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti thupi likhale ndi mankhwala komanso mazira omwe amachititsa kuti thupi likhale lopweteka lingayambitse kusokoneza ubongo mwachindunji ndi njira yochepetsera umuna, wotchedwa spermatogenesis. Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, umuna umalengedwa mu timini timene timapanga timadzi timene timatchedwa spermatogonia. Spermatogonia imagwirizana ndi ma radiation ndi chemotherapy, makamaka pa mlingo waukulu. Pamene spermatogonia yawonongedwa, kapena kusankhidwa kwawo kwa selo kumatha, ntchito ya spermatogenesis imayimitsidwa. Izi zikhoza kuchitika kwa kanthawi kochepa kapena nthawi yayitali chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mankhwala komanso zinthu zina zomwe zakhalapo kale chifukwa cha kusabereka.
Kodi Opaleshoni Imatha Bwanji Kupanda Phindu?
Kuchita opaleshoni kungachititse kuti munthu asatengeke mosavuta pogwiritsa ntchito njira yosiyana ndi ya chemotherapy ndi ma radiation. Kuchita opaleshoni komwe kumawoneka kuti ndi kosafera ndi njira yomwe maselo omwe amachotsa ma testes m'mimba amachotsedwa mu opaleshoni yotchedwa retroperitoneal lymph node dissection. Kupanda mphamvu kumachitika pamene mitsempha yomwe imayambitsa minofu, yomwe imalepheretsa umuna kubwereranso kumbuyo kwa chikhodzodzo pakamwa, kuvulala ndikuperekedwa kosayenera.
Chotsatira chake, umuna umayenda molakwika mu urethra ndipo umathera m'chikhodzodzo mmalo mochotsedwa kunja kwa mbolo. Matendawa amadziwika kuti kubwezeretsa matendawa ndipo amachititsa kusabereka ngakhale kuti umuna uli wochuluka kwambiri komanso wogwira ntchito.
Kodi Ndalama Zakulima ndi Zomwe Zimakwaniritsidwa?
Nkhumba zabambo ndi njira yosonkhanitsira ndi kusunga umuna umene ungagwiritsidwe ntchito patsiku lomaliza la kusamalidwa ndi mimba. Uzimuna umatengedwa kudzera mu maliseche, ngakhale kuti opaleshoni imakhalapo. Kuyeretsa kuyenera kupezeka kwa maola pafupifupi 48 isanayambe kusonkhanitsa kusakaniza kuti chiwerengero cha umuna chifike.
Umuna umakhala wofiira pogwiritsa ntchito nayitrogeni yamadzi ndipo ukhoza kukhala wogwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito zaka pansi pa msewu. Zitsanzo za umuna zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera kwa pathupi ngakhale zaka 20 mutatha kuzizira fanizo. Nthawi zina zitsamba zimangothamanga kuti zitha kudziwa kuti zitha kukhala ndi zowonongeka pambuyo pozizira. Kuti mudziwe zambiri, malangizo ndi ndalama, chonde onani chitukuko cha banki.
Kodi Pali Njira Zina Zochepetsera Ngongole?
Pakhala kuyesayesa kuimitsa spermatogenesis musanayambe mankhwala a chemotherapy ndi mankhwala opangira ma ARV ndi chiyembekezo choletsa spermatogonia ndi kusunga spermatogenesis. Mayesero awa sanakumane ndi kupambana kwakukulu ndipo sadakonzedwe panopa.
Kodi Pali Kufooka Kwambiri Kwambiri?
Pali ndalama ndi malipiro okhudzana ndi umuna ndi kusungirako. Nkhumba zabambo sizingathetsere kutenga pakati komanso kutenga mimba m'tsogolomu. Tiyeneranso kudziwika kuti anthu 10 okha mwa anthu omwe amalembetsa umuna amatha kupitiriza kugwiritsa ntchito mwana wawo wamtsogolo.