Mankhwalawa amathandiza kutulutsa ma electron kuchokera ku maatomu, omwe amapereka ndalama. Ma atomu awa amadziwika kuti ions ndipo njirayi imadziwika kuti ionization. Ionization imawononga DNA ya maselo ndipo imayambitsa selo imfa. Mwa njira imeneyi, ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito pochizira khansa, kuphatikizapo mitundu ina ya khansa ya testicular.
Ku United States, mayeza a radiation amadziwika mu amayunitsi omwe amadziwika kuti imvi (yofufuzira Gy).
Pamene Njira Yothandizira Mafilimu Imagwiritsidwa Ntchito
Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamtundu winawake wa kansa ya testicular yomwe imatchedwa seminoma, yomwe imakhala yovuta kwambiri kwa dzuwa kusiyana ndi khansa yina ya khansa ya testicular. Chifukwa chokhudzidwa, seminoma ikhoza kukhala, ndipo kawirikawiri imachiritsidwa pakutsata mankhwala. Mafunde amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazigawo zina za seminoma.
Pa siteji I seminoma, palibe khansa yodziwika / yowonekera kunja kwa mbendera. Komabe, nkotheka kuti kuchuluka kwa maselo a khansa kwasayendetsedwa kwa mndandanda wa maselo am'mimba pambuyo pa matumbo omwe amadziwika kuti retroperitoneal lymph nodes. Mankhwalawa akhoza kutetezedwa kuti azipha maselo aliwonse a khansa omwe amatha kufalikira kwa maselo am'mimba. Izi sizichitika kawirikawiri chifukwa ngakhale ngakhale kufalikira kwa maselo am'mimba amapezeka patapita nthawi popanda ma radiation, akadali ochiritsidwa kwambiri ndi radiation kapena chemotherapy.
Phunziro 2 seminoma, pokhapokha ngati nthitizi zowonjezereka, chithandizo cha ma radiation nthawi zambiri chimakhala chothandizira kuti athe kuchiza / kuchiza khansa. Chemotherapy ndi njira ina.
Mmene Madzi Amagwiritsira Ntchito Mpweya Wotentha
Thandizo la ma ARV lingayambe mwamsanga pamene machiritso akuchitika kuchokera ku opaleshoni (kuchotsa opaleshoni ya tizilombo toyambitsa khansa kumachitika poyamba).
Munthu amene alandira ma radiation poyamba amalowa mu gawo lokonzekera lotchedwa kuyimilira. ChiĊµerengero chonse cha ma radiation chimavomerezeka ndipo kawirikawiri ndi 20.0 Gy chifukwa cha matenda a stage ndipo 30.0 Gy chifukwa cha matendawa. Chiwerengero chonse chagawidwa ndipo chimaperekedwa kawiri pa sabata pa 2 Gy fractions pa nthawi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ziyenera kutenga masabata awiri kapena atatu malingana ndi nthawi yeniyeni komanso mlingo wa miyezi.
Dera lomwe limakhudzidwa ndi kutentha kwa dzuwa limatchulidwa ngati munda. Mundawu umaphatikizapo mimba / m'mimba ya m'munsi ndipo amayenera kuwombera mitsempha ya mitsempha yomwe imapangitsa kuti miyendo ikhale yambiri, monga impso.
Munthu amene amalandira ma radiation ali pansi patebulo ndi emitter yomwe imapezeka pamwambapa. Chishango chimatetezera zotsalira zotsalira. Kawirikawiri thaulo imayikidwa pakati pa miyendo kuti izikhala bwino. Kulandira ma radiation kumangotenga nthawi zingapo munthuyo atakhalapo. Ma radiation palokha satha: palibe kuwala kumawonekera ndipo palibe chomwe chimamveka, chofanana ndi kukhala ndi x-ray.
Zotsatira Zotsatira
Zotsatira za mankhwalawa zimatha kuchitika mwamsanga kapena zimachitika zaka pansi pa msewu. Zotsatira zingakhale zazing'ono kapena zosatha. Pamene mukudwala mankhwala a radiation nthawi zambiri zimakhala zofooka, kunyozetsa, kufooka kwa mafupa ochepa komanso kuphwanya khungu.
Pali chiopsezo chowonjezereka chokhala ndi ubongo, chomwe chachepetsedwa ndi ndondomeko zamakono zamankhwala. Ziribe kanthu, ndibwino kuganizira za banki musanayambe kuchipatala. Kuopsa kwa khansa yachiwiri pamsewu kukuwonjezeka. Mavutowa ndi apamwamba kwambiri kwa khansa yamphamvu monga chikhodzodzo, m'mimba, kapereko, ndi impso. Kuopsa kwa khansa ya magazi, monga khansa ya m'magazi, sikumwamba kwambiri, koma ndipamwamba kuposa anthu ambiri.
Ndani Sayenera Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mankhwala Opangira Mafilimu?
Mankhwalawa si onse. Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la impso lobadwa ndi ubweya wa mahatchi sayenera kukhala ndi ma radiation chifukwa akhoza kuwonjezera chiopsezo cha khansa ya impso.
Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a zilonda zam'mimba (ulcerative colitis, matenda a Crohn, ndi zina zotero) ayenera kupewa ma radiation monga momwe angawononge mkhalidwe wawo. Mankhwalawa ayenera kupeĊµedwa kwa odwala omwe akhala ndi chithandizo chamankhwala choyambirira.