Ife tonse tamva za "mapazi asanu pansi pake," koma kodi izi ndi zoona za amanda?
Mawu akuti "mapazi asanu ndi limodzi pansi" ndi chizoloŵezi chofala cha imfa chifukwa cha lingaliro lakuti antchito a manda nthawi zonse amafukula mitsuko kumtunda wozama mamita 1,83. Nkhaniyi ikuyankha funso lakuti manda a manda alidi mamita asanu ndi limodzi, ndipo akufufuza momwe angayambire chikhulupiliro chimenechi.
Kodi "Mapazi 6" Akuchokera Kuti?
Malingaliro ambiri ndi kufotokoza kulipo chifukwa chake anthu omwe amaganiza kuti ndi manda nthawi zonse amakhala 6 kuya kuya, koma lingaliro limodzi ndithu limapambana "Chokhulupilirika Kwambiri Koma N'kutheka Si Chowonadi" Mphoto:
Mliri wa London wa 1665
Zambiri zomwe zimapereka maumboni zimasonyeza kuti mndandanda wa maulamuliro operekedwa ku London akuletsa kuphulika kwina kwa mliri kapena "Mliri wa Mliri" mu 1665 kufotokoza chifukwa chake tikugwiritsabe ntchito "mapazi asanu pansi" lero. Phukusili, lolembedwa ndi Malamulo Odziwika ndi Olembedwa ndi Ambuye Major ndi Aldermen a Mzinda wa London Ponena za Matenda a Mliriwu , akuphatikizapo gawo lotchedwa "Kuikidwa kwa Akufa" liri ndi chiganizo ichi: "... Manda onse adzakhala pa osachepera 6 phazi lakuya. "
Mwamwayi, "Malamulo" awa sapereka chifukwa chake kuya kwake kunapatsidwa udindo, koma nkotheka kuti akuluakulu amakhulupirira kuti mamita asanu ndi limodzi a nthaka anali okwanira kuti zinyama zisamafufuze komanso kuti zisawathandize kufalitsa. (London sankazindikira kuti anali ndi mantha ambiri chifukwa cha ntchentche zomwe zimakhala bwino m'misewu yawo yonyansa komanso zosawerengeka ndi mantha ochokera kwa odwala mliri.)
Ngakhale zili zotheka kuti mliri wa mliri wa 1665 ku Londres umakhala wotsimikizirika kuti manda nthawi zonse amakhala 6 kuya, sizingatheke. Choyamba, malemba awa sanali ogwira ntchito motalika kwambiri chifukwa mliri wa mliri unasokonezeka mu 1666 pambuyo pa Great London Moto. Komanso, pofuna kutaya anthu pafupifupi 100,000 omwe anaphedwa ndi mliriwu mu 1665-66, akuluakulu a boma adayikidwa m'manda ambirimbiri "mitsuko" m'mayiko onse a London, omwe akhoza kufika pamtunda wa mamita 20 kapena kuposerapo, kuti apitirizebe ndi kuchuluka kwa odwala mliri omwe akuyenera kuikidwa m'manda.
Kotero, sizingatheke kuti "chofunikira cha mapazi asanu ndi limodzi" chinali ndi nthawi yokwanira kapena omvera kuti akhale miyambo yotsatira ndi mibadwo yotsatira ya anthu omvera.
Pali zifukwa zinanso zomwe zingatheke chifukwa chake timakhulupirira kuti manda adakumba mamita asanu ndi awiri:
Chitetezo
Ngakhale kuti nthaka imakhala yosiyana kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, ena amanena kuti, poyerekeza ndi kutsekula kwa manda, mamita 6 ndipamwamba kwambiri munthu wina akhoza kutentha manda asanayambe kulowera popanda mtundu wina wa bracing, makamaka mu nthaka yamchenga .
Avereji yapamwamba ya Gravedigger
Kutanthauzira kwina kumapangitsa kuti mamita asanu ndi limodzi anali otsika kwambiri pomwe a gravedigger ochepa akhoza kuyima ndikukwanitsa kutaya dothi kunja kwa manda pogwiritsa ntchito fosholo, kapena kulowa kapena kutuluka m'manda popanda kusowa makwerero.
Kuteteza Kukhumudwitsa Thupi
Chodabwitsa, kubera kwakukulu kapena "kuthamanga thupi" kunakhala vuto lalikulu kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1800 - makamaka ku England ndi Scotland. Chifukwa chakuti sukulu zamankhwala panthawiyo zinkagula zidutswa zamaphunziro a masomical ndi dissection, anthu ena amapereka chofunikira mwa kutulutsa mitembo yatsopano. Pamene manda idatha kugwiritsa ntchito njira zamakono zolepheretseratu kubala kwakukulu - kuphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito miyala yamtengo wapatali, mabokosi amwala, ophimbidwa pamwamba pa malo odyera , ndi zokometsera - ndizotheka kuti kuika thupi pamtunda wa mapazi asanu kunkawoneka ngati kubwezeretsa kuba .
Kuonjezera apo, anthu ambiri amakhulupirira kuti matupi oika malire pamtunda wozama, ngati mamita 6, anathandiza kuti azikhala ndi zofukiza zomwe zingawononge chidwi cha nyama.
Potsirizira pake, ena amanena kuti manda akufika mamita asanu ndi awiri anathandiza kuti alimi asamafufuze polima minda yawo kumidzi.
Kuchepetsa Kufalikira kwa Matenda
Monga tanenera kale, akuluakulu a ku London ndi madokotala mu 1665 anaganiza molakwitsa kuti wakufayo anafalikira nthendayi (pakati pa zifukwa zina zolakwika), komanso kuti kuika matupi awo "pansi pa mapazi asanu ndi limodzi" kungathandize kuchepetsa kufala kwa matendawa.
Chikhalidwe / Thupi la Thupi
Potsirizira pake, monga zikhulupiliro zambiri zokhudzana ndi imfa, pali "ulamuliro wa thupi" wakale wosadziwika womwe umatanthauzira kuti manda ayenera kukhala akuya ngati wakufayo atalika. Popeza kuti amuna ambiri m'zaka za m'ma 1800 ndi 1800 anali ataliatali mamita 1,67, ndizotheka kuti malingaliro 6-foot-deep anatsimikizira kuti ndibwino kwambiri kukumba manda.
Kotero, Kodi Manda Amakhaladi 6 Mapazi Ozama?
Mutu wa wotchuka wa TV wa HBO Six Feet Under , womwe unayang'ana pa Fisher family's funeral home ku Los Angeles, California, anapeza kuti anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti manda amatha kukumba mamita 1.8. Zoona, palibe lamulo lovomerezeka ndi boma kapena dziko lonse lapansi zokhudza kukula kwa manda ku United States; mmalo mwake, boma lirilonse limalamulira zakuya m'malire ake, kapena kuchoka nkhaniyo ku mizinda, kumatauni kapena kumanda.
Ngakhale kuti dziko la New York, liribe chofunikira chachikulu cha mdziko, New York City imafuna kuti "'pamene anthu akhala akuikidwa pansi, popanda chipinda cha konkire, pamwamba pa bokosi kapena kateteti adzakhala osachepera 3 'pansi pa mlingo wa nthaka.' (miyendo iwiri pamtanda wa konkire). "
Komabe, ku Pennsylvania komweko, manda oikidwa pamanda okhudzana ndi kanyumba konkrete ayenera kukhala ozama kwambiri kotero kuti "mtunda wochokera ku mbali zina za pamwamba kunja komwe uli ndi casket sizingakhale zosakwana mamita 18 kuchokera ku chilengedwe wa nthaka. " Kuikidwa m'manda kumangokhala kokha, kapena thupi la womwalira panthawi ya "kubiriwira" kapena kuikidwa m'manda , ndiye kuti manda ayenera kukumba mokwanira kotero kuti "mtunda kuchokera kumalo a kampeni kapena thupi likhale lochepera 2 mapazi - masentimita 24 - kuchokera ku chilengedwe pamwamba pa nthaka. "
Kawirikawiri, manda ambiri amakumbidwa lero sali mamita 6. Malingana ndi Nancy Faulk, mkulu wa manda a Prairie Home ku Waukesha, Wisconsin, "Ambiri amangofuna nthaka yosachepera masentimita 18 pamwamba pa kampeni kapena kumanda (kapena mamita awiri ngati thupi silinatseke) . " Ananenanso kuti ogwira ntchito ku Prairie Home Cemetery amagwiritsa ntchito "kutalika kwake kwa mamita 4 kuikidwa m'manda ndi mwachilengedwe."
Mfundo yaikulu ndi yakuti manda a manda ku United States si nthawi zonse kuya 6, ndipo kwa amasiye osakwatira, mamita 1,22 mamita akuya kwambiri. Izi zimati, manda ena amapereka ziwembu ziwiri kapena zitatu, zomwe zimakhala "m'matumba" omwe amapezeka m'manda omwewo. Pazochitikazi, mtsogoleri mmodzi yekha akhoza kukumba mamita 7 mpaka 12 (2,13 mpaka 3.66 mamita).
Zotsatira:
"Manda FAQs." Dipatimenti ya boma, ku New York, Division of Cemetery. http://www.dos.ny.gov/cmty/cemfaqs.html
"Kamutu 1.21. Kuya kwa manda." Pennsylvania Code. http://www.pacode.com/secure/data/028/chapter1/s1.21.html
Lamulo Lolembedwa ndi Lofalitsidwa ndi Ambuye Major ndi Aldermen a Mzinda wa London Ponena za Matenda a Mliriwu , lofalitsidwa ndi James Flesher, 1665. Mndandanda wa olemba.
"Amuna Omwe Ankafika Kumayambiriro Akale Anali Aatali Monga Amasiku Ano" ndi Holly Wagner. University of Ohio State. http://researchnews.osu.edu/archive/medimen.htm