Meningioma ndi kukula kwakukulu kwa ziwalo zomwe zili pafupi ndi ubongo, wotchedwa meninges. Kawirikawiri, meningiomas imangoyenera kufufuza nthawi ndi nthawi kafukufuku wa dokotala ndi maphunziro a ubongo, monga zotupa zimakhala zochepa kwambiri. Nthawi zina, chotupachi chimatha kupweteka ubongo kapena msana. Pankhaniyi, mankhwala akuyitanidwa.
Meningiomas akhoza kuchiritsidwa ndi opaleshoni kapena ma radiation. Njira yabwino imadalira kukula kwa chotupa, malo, mlingo wa kukula, ndi mawonekedwe pansi pa microscope. Chithandizo choyenera chimadaliranso momwe munthu aliyense aliri wathanzi.
Kuonetsetsa Mwachangu
Kuonetsetsa bwino, komwe kumatchedwanso "kuyembekezera kuyembekezera," ndi njira yoyamba yowonekera kwa meningiomas. Izi ndizowona makamaka ngati meningioma ikupezeka mwadzidzidzi panthawi yovuta ya vuto losagwirizana. Mwachitsanzo, meningioma ikhoza kuzindikiridwa pamene wina atenga CT pamutu pambuyo pa ngozi ya njinga, ngakhale kuti sanazindikire chizindikiro chilichonse cha chotupacho asanayambe. Njirayi imakhalanso yowonjezereka mwa anthu omwe amavutika kwambiri ndi mankhwala.
Kawirikawiri, kanema ya CT kapena MRI imabwerezedwa 3 mpaka 6 miyezi itatha yoyamba. Zingakhale zochitika kamodzi pachaka kwa zaka zingapo zoyambirira, poganiza kuti palibe zizindikiro zatsopano ndipo meningioma sichimasintha kwambiri.
Panthawiyi, mankhwala angapangidwe.
Kutsatsa Opaleshoni
Kuchotsa opaleshoni kwa meningioma ndi mankhwala omwe amasankhidwa nthawi zambiri a meningioma. Ngakhale cholinga chake ndicho kuchotsa chotupacho chonse, izi sizingatheke malingana ndi malo otupa ndi kukula kwake. Mwachitsanzo, ngati chotupacho chiri pafupi kwambiri ndi zigawo za ubongo kapena mitsempha ya mitsempha, ngozi yochotsa ikhoza kupambana phindu lililonse lomwe lingakwaniritsidwe.
Mwachitsanzo, kumaliza resection kumayesedwa ngati chotupacho chiri pamwamba pa ubongo kapena malo ozungulira . Kugwirizanitsa padera kungakhale koyenera kungakhale kofunikira kuti zovuta kufika kumadera monga clivus.
Nthenda zamakono zili ndi ngozi. Mwachitsanzo, kutupa kungakhalepo ndi kusungunuka kwa madzi m'matumbo a ubongo otchedwa cerebral edema. Kutupa koteroko kungayambitse mavuto a ubongo monga kusowa, zofooka kapena zovuta ndi kulankhula kapena kuyenda. Matenda a cerebral akhoza kuchepetsedwa ndi mankhwala monga corticosteroids ndipo amatha kumapita yekha patangotha masabata angapo. Nthawi zina amatha kugwidwa ndi opaleshoni; Komabe, pamene ma antiticulants amagwiritsidwa ntchito popewera kugwidwa, kugwiritsidwa ntchito koteroko sikukuwonetseratu ndipo ndi nkhani yotsutsana.
Chifukwa thupi limafuna kuteteza magazi ochulukirapo atatha opaleshoni, ziphuphu zingapangidwe mosavuta, kuphatikizapo malo omwe magazi amafunika kuyenda mosavuta. Pachifukwa ichi, mankhwala oletsa kupewa magazi amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ngozi za opaleshoni zimadaliranso ndi chotupa komanso malo. Ngati chotupacho chiri pamsana wa chigaza, mwachitsanzo, mitsempha yowopsya m'dera lanu ikhoza kukhala pangozi pa opaleshoni.
Mankhwala Opanga Mafuta
Mankhwalawa amachititsa kuti mphamvu yamphamvu ikhale yochuluka.
Cholinga chake ndi kuchepetsera kuwala kwa mazira ndi ubongo wonse. Kawirikawiri imathandizidwa ndi zotupa zamagetsi ndi zamwano, ndipo ngakhale kulibe mayesero osadziwika, kawirikawiri kutentha kwa dzuwa kumalimbikitsidwa pakapita opaleshoni mu zotupa zamphamvu.
Thandizo la ma ARV lingaperekedwe m'njira zingapo. Njira imodzi, mankhwala opatsirana a ma radiation, amapereka matenda angapo ang'onoang'ono kwa nthawi yaitali. Njira imeneyi imathandiza makamaka mu optic nerve sheath meningiomas, ndipo mwinamwake ali ndi meningiomas ang'onoang'ono pamunsi mwa chigaza. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, ma radiosurgery amapereka mlingo umodzi wokhala ndi mazira kwambiri mpaka kumalo omwe amapezeka m'bongo.
Njirayi imagwiritsidwa bwino ntchito m'matumbo ang'onoang'ono m'masewera omwe osankha opaleshoni ndi ovuta kwambiri.
Zotsatira zoyipa za mankhwalawa zimakhala zovuta kwambiri. Kutaya tsitsi kumakhala kawirikawiri kumachiritso a ma radiation. Ngakhale kutayika kungakhale kosatha, tsitsi limayamba kukula mkati mwa miyezi itatu chithandizo chitatha. Kutopa kwambiri, kupweteka mutu kapena khunyu kungakhalenso.
Ziphuphu za kalasi II ndi III zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pophatikizidwa opaleshoni ndi mazira, ndikumaliza kupatsidwa mankhwala oposa ma ARV kuposa a WHO grade I meningiomas. Ngakhale kuyesayesa konse, meningiomas nthawi zina amabwereranso, kawirikawiri pafupi ndi munda wa radiation. Meningioma ingathenso kufalikira m'madzi amtsempha mpaka kumtsinje wa "msana". Zosankha zachipatala zimapangidwa bwino mogwirizana ndi matenda a ubongo, ndi zisankho zogwiritsa ntchito njira zowonetsera mazira omwe amatsogoleredwa ndi a radiologist.
Zotsatira:
Arvold ND, Lessell S, Bussiere M, et al. Zotsatira zoyang'ana ndi kuteteza kwa chifuwa pambuyo pochita ma radiotherapy kwa odwala optic nerve sheath meningioma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2009; 75: 1166.
Marosi C, Hassler M, Roessler K, et al. Meningioma. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2008; 67: 153.
Minniti G, Amichetti M, Enrici RM. Radiotherapy ndi radiosurgery kwa benign skull base meningiomas. Radiat Oncol 2009; 4:42.
Pamir N, Black P, Fahlbusch R. Meningiomas: Buku Lopatulika, Elsevier, 2009.
Yano S, Kuratsu J, Kumamoto Brain Tumor Research Group. Zizindikiro za opaleshoni kwa odwala omwe ali ndi asymptomatic meningiomas pogwiritsa ntchito zochitika zambiri. J Neurosurg 2006; 105: 538.