Genetics imagwirizanitsidwa ndi chiopsezo cha matendawa
Matenda a Celiac ndi matenda omwe amachititsa kuti m'mimba azidyera m'mimba komanso ziwonongeke m'matumbo ang'onoang'ono. Ndi matenda omwe samamvetsetsa bwino koma amawoneka okhudzana kwambiri ndi gawo la munthu.
Timadziwa izi mwachangu chifukwa chakuti chiopsezo cha matenda a leliac chimawonjezeka kwambiri ngati wachibale woyamba, monga kholo kapena mbale, ali ndi matendawa.
M'zaka zaposachedwapa, pakufika kwa kuyesa kwa majini , asayansi atha kuzindikira mitundu iwiri ya majeremusi yomwe imawonekera kwambiri mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a celiac. Iwo ali m'gulu la majeremusi omwe amadziwika kuti anthu leukocyte antigen (HLA) ndipo amaphatikizapo:
- HLA-DQ2, yomwe ilipo pafupifupi 90 peresenti ya anthu okhala ndi matenda a celiac
- HLA-DQ8, yomwe ikuwonekera pafupifupi 8 peresenti ya anthu omwewo
Ngakhale kuti HLA-DQ8 ingawoneke chifukwa chovuta kwambiri cha matendawa, imayambitsa milandu yambiri osati ya DQ2 ndipo ili ndi zizindikiro zina zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kwambiri.
Gwirizanitsani Pakati pa HLA-DQ8 ndi Matenda a Celiac
Pali mitundu yosiyana (serotypes) ya majeremusi a HLA-DQ omwe DQ2 ndi DQ8 ali awiri okha. Monga gulu, ntchito yawo yaikulu ndikuthandiza thupi kuzindikira zida zomwe zingakhale zovulaza, kuti chitetezo cha mthupi chiteteze maselowo kuti asatengeke.
Aliyense wa ife ali ndi makope awiri a HLA-DQ serotype, omwe timalandira kwa amayi athu ndi ena omwe timalandira kwa bambo athu.
Ngati munthu adzalandira mtundu womwewo wa HLA-DQ kuchokera kwa makolo awo, iye amati ndi wokondana. Ngati munthuyo adzalandira mitundu iwiri yosiyana, iyo imatchedwa heterozygous.
Monga serotype yapadera, HLA-DQ8 nthawi zambiri imagwirizanitsidwa ndi matenda omwe amadzimadzimadzimodzi monga matenda a celiac, nyamakazi ya nyamakazi , ndi ana a shuga .
Pazifukwa zosadziwika, jini ili likhoza kutchinjiriza chitetezo cha thupi, kuti chitetezo cha mthupi chiteteze ndi kuwononga maselo ake.
Ponena za matenda a celiac, kafukufuku wanena kuti kukhala HLA-DQ8 yokhazikika kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha khumi poyerekeza ndi anthu ambiri. Ngakhale ndi kopi imodzi HLA-DQ8, chiopsezo chanu chimaposa kawiri.
Komabe, heterozygosity sizitanthauza chiopsezo chochepa. Ngati mutagwirizanitsa HLA-DQ8 ndi kachilombo koopsa ka HLA-DQ2, mwayi wanu wa matendawo umadumphira pafupifupi maulendo 14 a anthu onse.
Momwe DQ8 imasinthira ndi Chigawo
Mawu akuti HLA-DQ8 amasiyana kwambiri kuchokera ku gawo lina la dziko lapansi mpaka lotsatira. Mwachitsanzo, ku Ulaya, matendawa ndi ofanana kwambiri ndi matenda a shuga ndi ana a shuga. Mofananamo, ku Japan, kumene iyi si HLA-DQ2, serotype ya DQ8 ndiyo yokhayo yomwe imayambitsa matenda a celiac (mwachindunji, ndi kupweteka kwa gluten mu zakudya za ku Japan).
Poyerekeza, HLA-DQ8 imangoimira kachigawo kakang'ono ka matenda a leliac ku US ndipo kawirikawiri amagwirizanitsidwa ndi nyamakazi ya nyamakazi. Osati kuti izo zimakhudza pa nkhani ya kupitirira kwa matenda. Mpaka pano, palibe lingaliro lakuti serotype iliyonse imakhudza kulimbika kwa matendawa.
Choncho, zifukwa zina zimathandiza kuti anthu ena adwale matendawa kuposa ena.
> Chitsime:
> Tjon, J .; van Bergen, J ;; ndi Koning, F. "Matenda a Celiac: ndi ovuta bwanji?" Immunogenetics . 2010; 62 (10): 641-651. DOI: 10.1007 / s00251-010-0465-9.