Maselo a Mwazi Wachizungu Amasautsidwa

Zowonjezereka za Matenda a White Blood

Matenda a mitsempha ya magazi amaphatikizapo vuto lalikulu lomwe limakhudza maselo oyera a magazi (WBC), limodzi mwa mitundu itatu ya maselo a magazi.

• Maselo oyera amabwera kwambiri polimbana ndi matenda opatsirana komanso kuchita nawo zotupa.
• Maselo ofiira ofiira amabweretsa mpweya ku thupi.
• Mipatale imathandiza kuti magazi asiye.

Nambala yachilendo ya mabungwe a WBC ochokera m'magulu okwana 4 mpaka 11 biliyoni pa lita imodzi.

Mtundu uwu ndi wosiyana malinga ndi labu yomwe muli nayo ntchito yanu ya magazi. Ana obadwa kumene amakhala ndi makina oposa 9 mpaka 30 biliyoni pa lita imodzi. Mtundu uwu umatsikira zaka ziwiri zoyambirira za moyo ndipo uli wofanana ndi zigawo zakale zachilendo kwaunyamata wonse. Polimbana ndi maselo ofiira a m'magazi (RBC), kusiyana kwakukulu sikudakhudzidwe ndi amuna kapena akazi (amuna kapena akazi). Komabe, zimakhudzidwa ndi mtundu; mu maphunziro a dziko, African-American ali ndi zochepa zoyambirira za WBC kuposa a Caucasus.

• Kodi Monocytes Ndi Chiyani?

• Kodi Mukuyenera Kudziwa Chiyani Zokhudza Maselo Oyera ndi Kutetezeka kwa Mthupi?

Zigawo za Vuto la White Blood Cell

Pali njira zosiyanasiyana zofotokozera mavuto a WBC. Choyamba, iwo akhoza kugawidwa chifukwa: izi zomwe zimakhudza kupanga WBC (zochuluka kapena zochepa) ndi zina zomwe zimakhudza ntchito ya WBC. Chachiwiri, mavuto a WBC angapangidwe ndi mtundu wa WBC. Muzovuta zina zonse za WBC zimakhudzidwa koma zina zimakhudza mtundu umodzi wokha. Pali mitundu ikuluikulu isanu ya WBC: neutrophils, yomwe imamenyana ndi matenda a bakiteriya; ma lymphocytes, omwe amamenyana ndi matendawa; monocytes, omwe amamenyana ndi matenda a fungal; Eosinophils, yomwe imamenyana ndi matenda a parasitic ndipo imakhudzidwa ndi zomwe zimachitika; ndi basophils, zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi zotupa.

Chachitatu, vuto la WBC lingathe kusankhidwa kukhala loipa kapena loipa. Matenda ambiri a WBC ndi abwino.

Malamulo Amodzi Okhudzana ndi Magulu Oyera a Mwazi

Kawirikawiri, mitundu yambiri ya mtundu wa WBC imasonyezedwa ndi -philia kumapeto kwa mawu, ndipo mitundu yochepa ya WBC imatchedwa -penia. Izi zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pa WBC yonse; leukocytosis ndi WBC chiwerengero choposa chiwerengero choyambirira, ndipo leukopenia ndi WBC chiwerengero pamtundu woyenera. Izi zingagwiritsidwenso ntchito kufotokoza ma WBC monga a neutropenia (ochepa kwambiri a neutrophils) kapena basophilia (ambiri a basophils).

Mitundu Yosiyanasiyana ya Mzungu wa Mzungu Wagazi

• Leukocytosis: Leukocytosis ndi kuchuluka kwa maselo oyera a magazi. Zimayambitsa matenda, mankhwala monga prednisone, kapena khansa ya m'magazi.
• Kusintha kwadzidzidzi: Kuthamanga kwa neutropenia kumachitika pamene thupi limapanga ma antibodies omwe amaukira ndi kuwononga neutrophils.
• Neutropenia yowonongeka kwambiri: Anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli amabadwa ndi neutropenia yowonjezereka kwambiri ndi kusintha kwa chibadwa. Anthu omwe ali ndi chiwopsezo chachikulu chokhala ndi ubongo amakumana ndi kachilombo ka HIV.

• Nthetropenia yam'madzi: Neutropenia iyi imayambanso chifukwa cha kusintha kwa chibadwa, chofanana ndi neutropenia yobadwa nayo. Komabe, neutropenia sizimachitika tsiku ndi tsiku koma mumasiku pafupifupi 21.
• Khansa ya m'magazi ndi khansa ya maselo omwe amachititsa maselo oyera m'magazi.
• Matenda a granulomatous ndi matenda omwe mitundu yambiri ya WBCs (neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages) satha kugwira ntchito bwino. Ndi chikhalidwe chobadwa nacho ndipo chimayambitsa matenda osiyanasiyana, makamaka chibayo ndi mashungu.
• Kulephera kwa adhesiyoticitis ndi matenda omwe maselo oyera a m'magazi sangathe kusunthira kumadera opatsirana.

Zizindikiro za Matenda a Mzungu Oyera

Zizindikiro za matenda a WBC amasiyana kwambiri chifukwa cha chifukwa. Anthu ena omwe ali ndi vuto la WBC sangakhale ndi zizindikiro zilizonse. Zizindikiro zina zimakhudzana kwambiri ndi matenda ndipo zimaphatikizapo:

• matenda opatsirana kawirikawiri kapena kawirikawiri
• matenda opatsirana ndi mabakiteriya osadziwika, mavairasi, kapena bowa
• malungo
• zilonda za m'kamwa
• zikopa za khungu (zomwe zimatchedwa matumbo)

• chibayo

Kuzindikira Kusokonezeka kwa Magulu a Mwazi Wachizungu

Mofanana ndi vuto lina la magazi, mayesero oyambirira omwe amachitidwa ndi odwala magazi ( CBC ) , nthawi zina mayeserowa amathamanga chifukwa chakuti muli ndi matenda opatsirana kapena osadziwika kapena nthawi zina zimakhala zochitika pamene CBC imakopeka kuti ikhale yatsopano. Wopereka chithandizo chaumoyo wanu akuyang'ana kusintha kwa chiwerengero chonse cha WBC kapena chiwerengero cha mtundu wina wa WBC.

Pambuyo pozindikira kuti muli ndi matenda a WBC, dokotala wanu adzagwira ntchito kuti adziwe chifukwa chake. Nthawi zina vutoli ndi laling'ono, monga kukwera kwa chiwerengero cha WBC panthawi yogwira ntchito. Muzochitika izi, CBC imabwerezedwa mobwerezabwereza kuti zitsimikizire kuti zinthu zasintha. Dokotala wanu angapemphenso kupaka magazi. Magazi a m'magazi ndi mayeso pamene magazi ochepa amaikidwa pa galasi, kotero dokotala akhoza kuwonanso maselo anu a magazi pansi pa microscope akuyang'ana zolakwika zomwe zingawonetsere chifukwa cha matenda anu.

• Kodi ma Leukocytes opangidwa ndi ma polymorphonulear (PMNs) ndi ati?

• Kodi Chimachititsa Bwanji Eosinophilia?

Ngati mukufuna ntchito yowonjezereka, wothandizira wanu wamkulu akhoza kukutumizirani kwa katswiri. Matenda a WBC kawirikawiri amagawanika pakati pa maatematologist, madokotala omwe amadziwika kwambiri ndi matenda a magazi, ndi ma immunologists, madokotala omwe amadziwika kwambiri ndi matenda a chitetezo cha mthupi. Chifukwa chakuti ma WBC amapangidwa m'mafupa, fupa la mafupa lingakhale lofunika kuti lipitirize ntchito.

Kuchiza kwa Matenda a White White

Monga ngati zimayambitsa matenda a WBC, pali mankhwala ambiri. Maantibayotiki amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda opatsirana. Nthawi zina maantibayotiki angagwiritsidwe ntchito popewera matenda. Mosiyana ndi zovuta zokhudzana ndi maselo ofiira a magazi kapena mapiritsi, mavitamini oyera a m'magazi samagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri. Palinso mankhwala omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito pofuna kuyambitsa maselo oyera m'magazi omwe amatchedwa kukula. Kuonjezera apo, mankhwala opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito maselo angagwiritsidwe ntchito pofuna kuchiza matenda ena.

Mawu Ochokera

Pambuyo podziwa kuti muli ndi matenda a mitsempha yoyera, mukhoza kuopa, osadziwika za tsogolo. Izi ndikumverera mwachirengedwe. Onetsetsani kuti mukukambirana za mantha anu ndi dokotala wanu. Pamodzi mukhoza kupanga ndondomeko yothetsera mavutowa.

> Chitsime:

> Kaushansky K, Lichtman MA, Prchal J, Levi MM, Press O, Burns L, Caligiuri M. (2016). Williams Hematology (9th.) USA. Maphunziro a McGraw-Hill.