Kodi PCR Analysis ndi chiyani?
Kufufuza kwa polymerase (PCR) ndi njira yopangira ma laboratory yokonzera kuti DNA ikhale yaying'ono m'chitsanzo mwa njira yotchedwa amplification . Pa kupititsa patsogolo kwa PCR, DNA yopindulitsa imakopedwa mobwerezabwereza mpaka itatha zokwanira kuti zisanthule ndi kuzindikira. Mwachitsanzo, PCR ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikiritsa DNA yaying'ono kuchokera ku zamoyo zomwe zimachititsa khonorrhea kapena chlamydia omwe alipo muchitsanzo cha mkodzo .
Kodi PCR imagwira ntchito bwanji?
Choyamba pa PCR ndikutentha chitsanzocho kuti DNA ikhale yophatikizana iwiri ikhale yosiyana - izi zimatchedwa denaturation . Kenaka kumayambiriro , zitsanzo zochepa za DNA zomwe zikugwirizana ndi mapeto a DNA, zimaphatikizidwa ndi DNA yachitsanzo. Pambuyo pake, ntchito ya DNA polymerase imayambanso kubwereza DNA pamalo oyamba. Pomalizira pake, DNA imatenthedwa kuti ikhale yosiyana kwambiri, ndipo njira yonse ya PCR imayambiranso.
Chiwerengero cha DNA gawo la chidwi chomwe chiripo mu chitsanzo chikuwonjezereka pang'onopang'ono ndi pulogalamu iliyonse ya PCR: kopi imodzi imakhala iwiri, kenako imakhala inayi, kenako imakhala eyiti, ndi zina; choncho kawirikawiri, pamafunika masentimita 20 kapena 40 okha kuti mudziwe ngati DNA yomwe ili mu funso ilipo (ndipo, ngati ili, kupereka chitsanzo chokwanira kuti chifufuze).
Zitsulo zonsezi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyerekeza ndi DNA, kugwiritsira ntchito zinthu zoyambirira, komanso kupangira DNA - kumachitika pazigawo zosiyanasiyana, motero mutatha kusakaniza koyamba, njirazi zikhoza kulamulidwa kudzera mu thermocycling , momwe kutentha kumachitika pazigawo zofunikira kwa nthawi yokwanira kuti sitepe iliyonse ichitike.
Choncho, PCR ndi njira yabwino yowonjezera kuchuluka kwa chiwerengero cha DNA mu kanema kamodzi kamodzi kowonongeka komwe kulibe kusowa kofunikira kwa anthu.
Pulojekiti ya polymerase inkaimira kusintha kwa zamoyo pamene zinayambitsidwa kumayambiriro kwa zaka za 1980, ndipo Mlengi wa PCR, Kary Mullis, adapambana Nobel Prize mu Chemistry chifukwa cha ntchito yake mu 1993.
Nchifukwa chiyani PCR ikuyesa kuyesedwa kwa STD?
Mapuloteni otchedwa Polymerase, ndi njira zowonjezereka monga chain chain chain , zikuwoneka zofunikira kwambiri pakuyezetsa matenda opatsirana pogonana. Izi zili choncho chifukwa njirazi zimatha kudziwitsitsa kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a DNA kapena RNA. Kuzindikira chibadwa cha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda sikutanthauza tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kuti tikhale amoyo - monga chikhalidwe cha bakiteriya kapena chikhalidwe cha tizilombo . Sitikufunanso kuti matendawa achitika nthawi yaitali yokwanira kuti anthu adziwe momwe angayambukire (monga momwe amazindikiridwa ndi ELISA .) Izi zikutanthauza kuti njira za PCR zingathe kuwona matenda kale kusiyana ndi mayesero ena, ndipo popanda Zambiri zimayenera kukhala ndi nkhawa zokhuza kusunga zamoyo nthawi yoyenera.