Ngati muli ndi inshuwalansi ya masomphenya, mwinamwake mwazindikira kuti ndondomeko yanu ikuphatikiza "kutsutsa." Kutsutsa ndi mayeso omwe optometrists ndi ophthalmologists amagwiritsa ntchito kuyesa kulakwitsa kwa munthu. Cholakwika cha refractive ndi pamene diso lako silikuwombera kulowa m'diso mwako pamene likudutsa mu cornea, crystalline lens ndi zamadzimadzi kuti zifike mofulumira, ndikuyang'anitsitsa retina yanu.
Kuyezetsa magazi kumayankhula kwa optometrist kapena ophthalmologist mankhwala omwe mukufuna kuti mukhale nawo masomphenya 20/20.
"Mmodzi kapena Awiri?"
Anthu ambiri amene akhala ndi kafukufuku wa diso amakumbukira kuti chiwerengero cha dokotala akufunsa kuti, "Kodi ndi lenti iti yomwe imamveka bwino kapena yowonjezera bwino kapena imodzi kapena awiri, kapena amawoneka ngati ofanana? zidzasokoneza masomphenya anu pogwiritsira ntchito pulotita , chipangizo chomwe chiri ndi magulu ambirimbiri a lens, kuti mudziwe zolakwika zomwe zingatheke monga kuwonongeka , kutalika , astigmatism , kapena presbyopia .
Njira Zina Zotsutsa
Njira zingapo zingagwiritsidwe ntchito poyeza kutsekedwa kapena kulakwitsa. Njirazi nthawi zina zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chiyeso cholingalira kapena chiyeso chodziimira kapena onse malingana ndi zomwe dokotala akufuna. Aliyense amapereka chidziwitso chosiyana kwa dokotala kuti pakhale ndondomeko yabwino yokonzekera zolakwika za refractive ndi magalasi, maso, magetsi opaleshoni, kapena opaleshoni yokha.
- Retinoscopy - Retinoscopy ndi njira yoyamba imene madokotala akuyang'ana ndi akatswiri akuyesa kuti adziwe zolakwa zanu za refractive ndi mankhwala anu a lens ang'onoting'ono. Retinoscopy imaonedwa kuti ndi "cholinga" chifukwa njirazo zimapezeka popanda kugwirizana kapena kudzidziwitsira kwa wodwalayo. Mawu akuti retinoscopy amatanthauza "kuyesa kwa retina." Pogwiritsira ntchito retinoscopy, dokotala wanu wa diso amadziwa kuti pali myopia, hyperopia, kapena emmetropia . Madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito retinoscope kupanga retinoscopy. A retinoscope ndi chipangizo chogwiritsira ntchito ndi chida chamtengo wapatali kwa madokotala ochuluka a maso.
- Kuthamangitsidwa - Kutengeka kungayesedwenso pogwiritsa ntchito olemba mabuku. Munthu wodzitetezera ndi chida cha panyanja chimene chimagwiritsa ntchito kuwala ndi kompyuta kuti ziwone momwe kuwala kumayendera mumaso mwanu. Madokotala ochuluka a maso amatha kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yoyamba kuti azitha kuyambira poyerekeza ndi retinoscopy kapena chikhalidwe chachitsulo.
- Kuwongolera - Kuthamangitsidwa kwapadera kumagwiritsira ntchito abberrometer kuti awononge mavuto apamwamba opangira mawonekedwe a mawonekedwe a anthu. Abberrometer imapanga mapu omwe amatchulidwa kuti "zojambula zala" chifukwa chapadera komanso mosiyana ndi mawonekedwe a munthu wina aliyense. Mosiyana ndi miyeso ya masomphenya, zomwe zimafuna kuti munthu adziwepo, wodwalayo amatha masekondi kuti apeze mayeso ndipo safuna kuti pakhale odwala. Ngakhale ndi njira yabwino yowunikira zolakwika za munthu, sitiyenera kupeza njira yabwino yosankhira zotsatira zake. Ojambula sanapeze njira yowonjezeramo kutsogolo kwa magalasi a maso ndi ma lens.
- Kuwonetseratu kutsutsidwa - Kuwonetseratu koonekera ndi njira yowonetsera zolakwika za refractive. Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zomwe wodwalayo akuwonetsera chisankho ndipo akugwira nawo ntchitoyi. Icho chimatchedwa kuwonetseredwa chifukwa chakuti muyeso wa kutsitsimula pamaso pa madontho onse a diso asanatchulidwe kapena china chirichonse chomwe chingasinthe chiyesocho. Ndiyeso ngati wodwala ali m'moyo weniweni. Kuwonetseratu koonekera kumatha kupangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito pulopter kapena mwamba wodula. Munthu wodzitcha wodwalayo amalamulirabe ndi dokotala koma nthawi zambiri amayesa mofulumira ndipo mayesero onse amayendetsedwa ndi makompyuta.
- Kutsekemera kwa Cycloplegic - Kutsekemera kwa cycloplegic ndi njira yomwe amagwiritsira ntchito pofuna kuzindikira cholakwika cha munthu chowombera pang'onopang'ono kupweteka kwa minofu kamene kamathandiza kuthandizira diso. Madontho a maso a cycloplegic amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti awonongeke kanthawi kapena atseke thupi la ciliary, kapena kuyika minofu, ya maso. Nthawi zina ntchito ya cycloplegic imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesera masomphenya a ana ndi akuluakulu omwe nthawi zina amazindikira kapena kuyang'ana maso awo pa nthawi ya kuyesedwa kwa maso , zomwe zimachititsa zotsatirazo kukhala zosayenera. Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa cycloplegic kumachitanso monga gawo la kukonzekera masomphenya kwa laser kapena kulankhulana kwa LASIK kuti mudziwe cholakwika chenicheni chokanizira musanayambe kuchitidwa opaleshoni ya maso.
> Chitsime:
> National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health. Zoona Zokhudza Zolakwa Zokonza, Oct 2010.