Zowononga Zokwanira Zowopsa
Mankhwala ambiri omwe amapezekapo kokha ndi mankhwala a dokotala tsopano akupezeka pa-counter-the-counter (OTC). Izi kawirikawiri zimatanthauza kuti amawononga ndalama zochepa kuposa momwe anachitira pamene ankafuna mankhwala, ndipo mumasunga ndalama zokacheza ndi dokotala wanu.
Chifukwa cha mankhwala osiyanasiyana a OTC, tsopano n'zotheka kuti mukhale ndi zizindikiro zambiri kapena mankhwala amodzi ( eyeergic rhinitis ) ndi diso ( odwala conjunctivitis ) popanda kuwona dokotala-poganiza kuti mukudziwa mankhwala omwe angasankhe zizindikiro zanu.
Njira yodalirikayo ndi yofunika kwambiri chifukwa palibe mankhwala onse omwe amachititsa zizindikiro za chifuwa. Onetsetsani mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mankhwala opatsirana a OTC ndi zomwe angachite kuti muthe kusankha bwino.
Antihistamines
Ma antihistamines osatayika, kuphatikizapo Benadryl ndi Chlor-Trimeton (chlorpheniramine), amaonedwa ngati akukhala pansi kuti azigwiritsa ntchito nthawi zonse. Mankhwalawa amachititsa kufooka kwa maganizo ndi thupi ngakhale mutakhala kuti mukugona. Mutha kuimbidwa mlandu ndi DUI (kuyendetsa galimoto) muzinthu zambiri ngati mumayendetsa galimoto mutatha kumwa mankhwalawa.
Pali antihistamines zitatu zochepetsera , Claritin (loratadine), Zyrtec (cetirizine), ndi Allegra (fexofenadine) zomwe zawonetsedwa kuti zimakhala zochepa kwambiri za ntchito za m'maganizo kapena zakuthupi. Mankhwala onsewa amapezekanso ndi mawonekedwe ena: Alavert ndi mtundu wina wa loratadine; Mtundu wina wa fexofenadine.
Otsutsa kwambiri
Mankhwala otchedwa OTC decongestants ndi mawonekedwe amlomo monga Sudafed (pseudoephedrine) ndi mawonekedwe amkati monga Afrin (oxymetazoline). Onse awiri amachita ntchito yabwino pochiza msanga.
Ngakhale kuti anthu ena amagwiritsa ntchito sudafed nthawi zonse, zotsatira zake zimakhala zofala. Zotsatira za mankhwala otupa pamlomo zimaphatikizapo kusowa tulo, kuthamanga kwa magazi, nkhaŵa, kusungidwa kwa m'mitsempha, ndi kumutu.
Anthu omwe ali ndi zizindikirozi ayenera kukaonana ndi dokotala asanayambe kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala otupa pamlomo. Mankhwalawa amathandiza anthu ambiri kwa kanthaŵi kochepa koma ayenera kupeŵedwa kuti athetse zizindikiro zowopsa.
Mphuno yotchedwa decongestant sprays, monga Afrin (oxymetazoline), iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kanthawi kochepa, kawirikawiri osapitirira masiku atatu. Kugwiritsira ntchito Afrin kungapangitse kuchipatala chotchedwa rhinitis medicamentosa , chodziwika ndi kupweteka kwachisokonezo cha nasal chomwe sichimvera kapena sichimvera kuwonjezera ntchito ya Afrin. Matendawa amafunika kuyesa ndi kuchiritsidwa ndi dokotala.
Kusakanikirana
Kuphatikiza antihistamines ndi decongestants sizatsopano. Mankhwalawa, monga Actifed (chlorpheniramine / phenylephrine) ndi Dimetapp (brompheniramine / phenylephrine), akhala pa msika kwa zaka zambiri. Izi zikuphatikizapo Claritin-D (loratadine / pseudoephedrine), Zyrtec-D (cetirizine / pseudoephedrine) ndi Allegra-D (fexofenadine / pseudoephedrine). Mankhwalawa nthawi zambiri amasungidwa kumbuyo kwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo koma safuna kuti adokotala azigula mankhwala. Zigwiritsidwe ntchito kanthawi kochepa chifukwa cha chigawo cha decongestant ndi zotsatira zake.
Ziphuphu Zokwanira
Pali mitundu iwiri ya mankhwala opatsirana amphongo omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito nthawi yambiri kuti asamalidwe.
Nasalcrom ndi mankhwala abwino kwambiri oletsa kutsegula zizindikiro za rhinitis koma ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse kuti zitheke. Mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito poletsa kutulutsidwa kwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo monga histamine kuchokera ku maselo akuluakulu koma samachita chilichonse choletsera zotsatira za mankhwala osokonezeka kamodzi atatulutsidwa (mosiyana ndi antihistamine ). NasalCrom ndi yotetezeka, ingagwiritsidwe ntchito nthawi yayitali ndipo ndibwino kuti akulu ndi ana ali ndi zaka 2.
Nasacort 24 Hour Mankhwala ndi Flonase (fluticasone) ndi nasal corticosteroid spray alipo popanda mankhwala. Kafukufuku amasonyeza kuti nasal corticosteroid sprays ndi mankhwala omwe amathandiza kwambiri kuti athe kuchiritsa matenda a rhinitis, ndipo amathandizanso kuthetsa zizindikiro za matendawa.
Madontho a Diso
Pali madontho angapo a diso omwe alipo OTC kuti athetse vuto la maso. Ambiri ali ndi mapulaneti otchuka omwe amapezeka m'masamba (naphazoline), omwe ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito masiku angapo panthawi imodzi. Pamene mankhwala opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala amtunduwu amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yayitali, matenda omwe amatchedwa conjunctivitis medicamentosa angapangidwe. Zizindikiro zingaphatikizepo kuwonjezereka kwa kuunika kwa maso ndi kupsa mtima, ndi kudalira kwambiri pa diso kumathandiza. Zaditor / Alaway (ketotifen), tsamba loyambitsa antihistamine ndi diso lopanda maselo , limapezeka pamtundu wothandizidwa ndi matenda a maso. Ikupezekaponso mu machitidwe achibadwa. Mankhwalawa angagwiritsidwe ntchito nthawi yaitali popanda zotsatira za conjunctivitis medicamentosa.
Mawu Ochokera
Muli ndi mitundu yambiri ya mankhwala ochizira matendawa . Ndikofunika kumvetsetsa zochita ndi zotsatira za aliyense. Ngakhale mutatha kuchiza zizindikiro zanu pazinthu zogulitsa, ndibwino kuti mukambirane zosankha zanu ndi dokotala wanu kuti mudziwe kuti mukugula mankhwala oyenera. Ngakhale kuti ena ali ogwira ntchito ngati anzawo, ena sapezeka mu ndondomeko yomwe mungapeze ndi mankhwala.
> Chitsime
- Wallace D, Dykewicz M, Bernstein D, et al. Matendawa ndi kasamalidwe ka rhinitis: Njira yatsopano yomwe imasinthidwa. Journal of Allergy ndi Clinical Immunology . 2008; 122 (2). lembani: 10.1016 / j.jaci.2008.06.003.