Nthawi zina zimakhala zofunikira kuti pakhale kuyesedwa koyesa kufufuza zomwe zimakhudza ubongo. Chimodzi mwa mayesero ofala kwambiri ndi electroencephalogram (EEG). Kodi kuyesa kwa EEG ndi chiyani? Phunzirani za zina zomwe zingasonyezedwe, kuphatikizapo kuyesa kugwidwa , kukhumudwa , kukhumudwa , ubongo, komanso kugona.
Chiyeso cha EEG ndi chiyani?
EEG ndiyeso ya kayendedwe ka magetsi ka ubongo. Mafilimu amenewa amalembedwa ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa timagetsi ting'onoting'ono tomwe timatchedwa electrode yomwe imakhala muyeso yeniyeni. Zotsatira za digito za digito zimasonyeza kufotokoza kwa ntchito ya mamiliyoni a neuroni m'mwamba mkati mwa ubongo wotchedwa cerebral cortex. Mpweya wa (kapena amplitude) ndi mafupipafupi nthawi zambiri amamasuliridwa ndi katswiri wa zamagulu ndi zothandizira kuti adziwe matenda osiyanasiyana.
Chifukwa chiyani kuyesa kwa EEG Kwachitika
Pomwe ma electrode atayikidwa, chidziwitso chimasonkhanitsidwa mofulumira pa ntchito ya ubongo. Pali zinthu zina zomwe izi ndi zofunika kwambiri.
Ma EE amapezeka kawirikawiri kuti awonetsetse kuti alipo kapena chiopsezo cha kugwidwa. EEG kachitidwe kawiri kaŵirikaŵiri kamakonzedwa pambuyo pa kugwidwa kwa nthawi yoyamba. Kugonjetsedwa kumakhala ndi mphamvu zamagetsi zomwe sizingatheke mkati mwa ubongo zomwe zingabweretse chisokonezo kapena kusokonezeka, kayendedwe kosasamalidwa, kugonongeka, ngakhalenso kugwa.
Ngakhale pali vuto lalikulu lomwe limakhala ndi kugwidwa kosalamulirika, chithandizo ndi mankhwala chimayambika ngati EEG ikuwonetsa chiopsezo cha kubwereza.
Kuwonjezera pa kuyesa mu khunyu, EEG ili ndi zina, makamaka mu chipatala. Zingakhale zothandiza pakuzindikira chomwe chimayambitsa kusintha, monga kumapezeka ndi delirium kapena coma.
Ngati wina wagwidwa ndi ubongo chifukwa cha kupsinjika mtima kapena kutaya mpweya (hypoxia), EEG ikhoza kukhala ndi chidziwitso chodziwiratu kuti chidziwitso chidzachitike. Nthawi zambiri, zikhoza kupereka umboni wakuti imfa ya ubongo yachitika.
Ntchito zamagetsi za ubongo zingathandizenso kupeza malo ndi ntchito zopanda ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, zingatanthauzenso kusalongosoka kwachitukuko komwe kumabweretsa kufooka kobwerezabwereza. M'mbuyomu, idagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthandizira kuchepetsa ubongo umene ungakhale wopanda ntchito. Mwamwayi, kusintha kwa kujambula monga MRI kwabweretsa ntchitoyi. Zingakhale zothandiza kuonetsetsa kuti ntchito yoyenerera ya mitsempha imayesedwa ndi kuyesedwa kwa zowonongeka. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, kuwunika kosagwira ntchito ndi EEG kungathandize kuti minofu kapena opaleshoni ya ubongo sikuwonongeke.
Momwe Makhalidwe Othandiza Amathandizira Kuzindikira Matenda a Kugona
Kugwiritsira ntchito kochepa kwa EEG kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi phunziro lagona mokwanira lomwe limatchedwa polysomnogram . Ma electrodes amaikidwa pamalo otsogolera, apakati, temporal, ndi occipital. Miyeso imeneyi ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pozindikira magawo akugona . Izi ndi zothandiza kudziwa pamene kugona kumayamba, pamene kuwuka kwa kupasuka kwapuma kulipo mu kugona tulo, komanso dongosolo lonse la kugona.
Zotsatirazi zikhoza kufotokozedwa mwachidule monga gawo la hypnogram mu lipoti la maphunziro ogona.
Kuphatikizanso, kugwidwa kumatha kudziwika pa phunziro la kugona usiku wonse. Kawirikawiri padzakhala zizindikiro zina za kugwidwa musanafike poyesedwa, koma zingapereke umboni wowonjezera wa chikhalidwe ndi chithandizo cha mankhwala. Anthu omwe ali ndi kayendetsedwe kachilendo kapena khalidwe la kugona, zingakhale zofunikira kutulutsa katemera ngati chinthu chomwe chingayambitse.
Zoopsa ndi Njira Zina
Palibe vuto lalikulu lomwe limayenderana ndi kuyesa kwa EEG. Mayesowa ndi otchipa, osowa, ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala othandiza. Kuyika kwa electrode kungayambitse khungu la khungu.
Kuphatikiza apo, glue kapena kusungunula amagwiritsidwa ntchito kungapangitse pang'ono kuchepa. Izi nthawi zambiri ndizochepa ndipo zimachoka mwamsanga.
Dokotala wanu adzazindikira ngati EEG ndi yofunikira. Nthaŵi zina, zotsatira zingakhale zosavuta kwenikweni ndipo zotsatira zowonjezera zingasonyezedwe. Monga tanenera kale, mayesero ena monga kujambula angapereke zambiri zowonjezera.
Ngati mwalimbikitsidwa kuti mukhale ndi EEG monga gawo la kafukufuku wanu wa zachipatala, mukhoza kutsimikiza kuti mayesero ali otetezeka ndipo nthawi zambiri akhoza kupereka zothandiza. Zotsatirazi ziyenera kutanthauziridwa muzochitika zachipatala, ndipo madokotala anu adzawagwiritsa ntchito kuti amvetse chithunzi chachikulu chachipatala.
> Chitsime:
> Emerson RG ndi Pedley TA. "Clinical Neurophysiology: Electroencephalography ndi Potenthetsa Potential." Mu Neurology mu Kuchita Zipatala , Elsevier, edition lachisanu, 2008, pp. 455-481.