The New England Journal of Medicine inafalitsa kafukufuku wochokera ku China omwe akuyang'ana ubale wa matenda a ayodini ndi matenda a chithokomiro. Ponena za nkhani ya June 2006, akatswiriwo anapeza kuti "kuwonjezera kokwanira kapena kumwa kwambiri mankhwala a ayodini kungapangitse hypothyroidism ndi autoimmune thyroiditis."
Zotsatirazi zikuphatikizidwa ndi ndemanga ndi Dr. Robert Utiger, yemwe anati "zochepa zaiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii ndi ayodini supplementation,
Kulephera kwa Iodine
Mbali imodzi ya kutsutsana ndi vuto lalikulu la kusowa kwa ayodini. Iodini imapezeka kudzera mu chakudya, madzi, mchere wothira iodized ndi supplementation. Chithokomiro chimagwiritsa ntchito ayodini kuti chikhale ndi mahomoni otulutsa chithokomiro , kupanga ayodini kukhala chofunikira kwambiri, chofunikira m'thupi.
Iodini ndi yofunika makamaka kwa amayi apakati ndi fetus, komanso ana aang'ono. Malingana ndi World Health Organization (WHO), anthu pafupifupi 2 biliyoni, kuphatikizapo ana 285 miliyoni a sukulu, ali ndi vuto la ayodini. Ndipo pakati pawo, vuto la kusowa kwa ayodini (IDD) limakhudza pafupifupi 740 miliyoni - pafupifupi 50 miliyoni mwa iwo amavutika ndi mtundu wina wa ubongo chifukwa cha kusowa kwa ayodini.
Malingana ndi bungwe la International Council for the Control of Iodine Deficiency Disorders (INCCIDD):
Kulephera kwa ayodini ndi chimodzimodzi chomwe chimayambitsa matenda osokonezeka maganizo ndi kuwonongeka kwa ubongo padziko lapansi. Zimathandizanso kuchepetsa kupulumuka kwa ana, zimayambitsa goiters, komanso zimapangitsa kukula ndi kukula. Kulephera kwa ayodini kwa amayi apakati kumabweretsa zolepheretsa, kubereka, ndi mavuto ena. Ana omwe ali ndi IDD akhoza kukula, osamvetsetsa, osokonezeka maganizo, osatha kuyenda, kulankhula, kapena kumva.
Pali malo ambiri padziko lapansi omwe kusowa kwa ayodini ndi matenda aakulu. INCCIDD ili ndi mapu pa intaneti omwe amasonyeza chakudya cha ayodini padziko lonse lapansi. Mapu awa amavomereza kuti ngakhale madera ambiri a kumadzulo kwa dziko lapansi akukhala okwanira mu ayodini, Europe, Russia, Asia, Australia ndi Africa, ali ndi malo omwe ali ndi vuto losowa.
Kuchuluka kwa ayodini
Mbali ina ya kutsutsana ndikuzindikira kuti ayodini wambiri akhoza kuyambitsa matenda a chithokomiro ndi hypothyroidism.
Malingana ndi kafukufuku wa nyama, kumwa kwa iodin kwapamwamba kungayambitse ndi kuwonjezereka kulowa kwa chithokomiro ndi ma lymphocytes. Lymphocytes ndi maselo oyera a magazi omwe amadziunjikira chifukwa cha kuvulazidwa kosatha kapena kukwiya. Kuphatikiza apo, ayodini wambiri amachititsa kuti chithokomiro chitha kupanga mahomoni.
Mu New England Journal akufufuza, ofufuza, atsogoleredwa ndi Dr. Weiping Teng, wa University of China Medical University ku Shenyang, adawona zotsatira za chithokomiro popereka thandizo kwa magulu atatu osiyana: anthu omwe anali ayodini wochepa, omwe ali ndi mavitamini oyenera a ayodini, komanso omwe amadya kwambiri ayodini. Iwo adapeza kuti kupereka ayodini kwa anthu omwe anali ndi mavitamini oyenera kapena owonjezera a ayodini angapangitse hypothyroidism autoimmune thyroiditis.
Phunziroli, ofufuza adapeza kuti zifukwa zazikulu zowonjezereka zopitilira subclinical hypothyroidism zikuphatikizapo:
- TSH pamwambapa 6
- Matenda apamwamba a antithyroid antibody (anti-peroxidase antibody kapena antirogrobulin antibody)
- Kusintha kwa ayodini kudya kuchokera kosalala pang'ono mpaka kokwanira
Anapezanso kuti zifukwa zazikulu zowonjezera zatsopano za subclinical hypothyroidism mwa anthu amene adayamba ndi chithokomiro choyenera chimaphatikizapo:
- TSH yapamwamba kuposa 2
- Mankhwala otchuka a antithyroid
- Kusintha kwa ayodini kudya kuchokera kosalala pang'ono mpaka kokwanira, kapena kudya kwambiri kwa ayodini
Ofufuzawo anamaliza kuti:
... ngakhale kuti ayodini supplementation iyenera kukhazikitsidwa kuti iteteze ndikuyambitsa matenda osowa a iodine, supplementation iyenera kusungidwa bwino. Miyezo yomwe imakhala yochuluka kwambiri (yowonjezereka ya ayinini iodine excretion, 200 mpaka 299 μg pa lita imodzi) kapena kupitirira (kutalikirana kwa urinayi iodine excretion,> 300 μg pa lita) siziwoneka kukhala zotetezeka, makamaka kwa anthu omwe amatha kukhala ndi matenda omwe amatha kutulutsa matenda a chithokomiro kapena kusowa kwa ayodini. Mapulogalamu othandizira ayenera kulumikizidwa kudera lomwelo. Palibe ayodini supplementation iyenera kuperekedwa kwa madera omwe ayodini amadyetsa okwanira, pamene mchere m'madera omwe ayodini amadya amafunika kuwonjezeredwa ndi ayodini molingana ndi mlingo wa kusowa kwa ayodini.
Chofunika Kwambiri: Ofufuzawa anali kufotokozera zapamwamba kwambiri za hypothyroidism monga TSH pamwamba pa 4.8, ndi ma Free Free T4. Mankhwala a hypothyroidism amatchulidwa ngati TSH pamwamba pa 4.8, ali ndi ma T4 osasintha a Free T4. Bungwe la American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, pamodzi ndi National Academy of Clinical Biochemistry, yomwe inalimbikitsidwa kumapeto kwa 2002 / kumayambiriro kwa 2003 kuti TSH yachibadwa imakhala yochepa kwambiri .3 mpaka 3.0. Kotero mfundo yomwe wina angaganizidwe mochuluka hypothyroid ikhoza kukhala yosiyana, malingana ndi malangizo atsopano awa .
Kodi Mukufunikira Iodini?
Zaka zambiri zapitazo, mchere wa mchere unaperekedwa mwadzidzidzi ku US ndi mayiko ena otukuka monga njira zothetsera kusowa kwa ayodini. M'madera awa ndi mchere wodetsedwa, idai ya vuto la ayodini inali yonse koma inachotsedwa, ndipo Ambiri ambiri ali ndi ayodini okwanira.
Komabe, zaka makumi awiri zapitazi, kuchepetsa kuchepetsa mchere chifukwa cha thanzi, kuchepa kwa mchere wa iodizedwe mu zakudya zowonongeka, komanso kuti iodization siyivomerezeka ku US (ngakhale apo, 70 peresenti ya mchere ndi iodized) zinachititsa kuti ayambe kuchepa kwa ayodini ngakhale m'mayiko ngati US Choncho patatha nthawi imene kusowa kwa ayodini ku America kunali kosalephereka, panopa pang'onopang'ono pang'onopang'ono.
Chodetsa nkhaŵa chachikulu chiri mwa amayi apakati. Ndipotu, mlingo wa amayi apakati omwe ali ndi vuto la ayodini wawonjezeka ku US zaka 20 zapitazo Utiger, kuchokera pa 1 peresenti mu 1970 mpaka 7 peresenti mu 2002. Azimayi awa ndi ana awo amakumana ndi mavuto aakulu chifukwa cha kusowa kwa ayodini okwanira. zakudya.
Akatswiri ena amalimbikitsa kuti ayodini supplementation akhale yoyenera panthaŵi yomwe asanakhalepo ndi mimba. Zakudya zoyenera zowonjezera zakudya za ayodini ndi 200 mcg / tsiku pa mimba ndi 75 mcg / tsiku pamene akuyamwitsa.
Kwa ife tonse, yankho la thanzi labwino la chithokomiro ndiloti, kuti mupeze zokwanira - koma osati kwambiri - ayodini. Mwinamwake mulibe vuto la ayodini ngati muli, chifukwa cha thanzi, kudula mchere wothira mafuta omwe mumakhala nawo, kapena kusinthira ku mchere wosadziwika.
Kotero, kodi mukusowa ayodini owonjezera? Kodi mungadziwe bwanji ngati mukupeza ayodini wokwanira? Ndizosatheka kudziwerengera nokha. Mungathe kuchita zovuta kwambiri, komabe, pogwiritsa ntchito mafunso otsatirawa:
- Kodi mumagwiritsa ntchito mchere wotchedwa iodized?
- Kodi mumadya mchere wambiri tsiku ndi tsiku?
- Kodi mumatenga vitamini kapena supplement ndi ayodini? (Iodine zochuluka bwanji muwonjezera?)
- Kodi mumadya, nyama, mkaka kapena nsomba nthawi zonse?
Anthu ena osagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, odwala komanso azitsamba amafika poti amafunika kuti aliyense amene ali ndi vuto la chithokomiro amafuna iodine supplementation (kaya iodine kapena mankhwala omwe ali ndi ayodini, monga kelp kapena bladderwrack). Izi zikhoza kuwonjezera zizindikiro ndi mavuto aakulu a chithokomiro mwa anthu ena.
Koma, pokhapokha mutakonzekera kutenga mimba, pakali pano muli ndi pakati kapena mukuyamwitsa, muyenera kusamala kwambiri kuti mupeze ayodini pokhapokha ngati inu ndi dokotala wanu muli ndi umboni wamphamvu kuti ndinu olephera. Ngati dokotala wanu akuyamikira mankhwala a ayodini monga chithandizo cha chithokomiro, mungafune kupempha mayesero ena omwe angathe kuyesa mayendedwe a ayodini - yesero la "urinary excretion". Mayeso omwe amayeza ayodini omwe amachotsedwa mu mkodzo, ndipo amapereka ndondomeko yoyenera koma yosamveka bwino ya ma ayodini, ndipo akhoza kulemba kulephera.
Komanso, samalirani zomwe zimatchedwa " chithandizo cha chithokomiro " mavitamini ndi zina zowonjezerapo, kuphatikizapo kugulitsidwa kwambiri ndi kulimbikitsa Alvidar. Ambiri, monga Alvidar, amaphatikizapo ayodini ochulukirapo, ndipo ngati mulibe ayodini, amatha kukhala ndi zotsatira zosayembekezereka komanso zosiyana ndi zomwe zimachititsa kuti zizindikiro zanu zikhale zovuta komanso kukupangitsani vuto lanu la chithokomiro.
> Zotsatira:
> Teng, Kupukuta MD, et. al. "Chikoka cha Iodine pa Matenda a Chithokomiro ku China" New England Journal of Medicine , Voliyumu 354: 2783-2793, June 29, 2006, Nambala 26
> Utiger, Robert DMD "Zakudya Zabwino za Iodini - Zili Zabwino," New England Journal of Medicine, Voliyumu 354: 2819-2821, June 29, 2006, Namba 26
> Higdon, Jane Ph.D. ndi. al. "Iodine," Micronutrient Information Center , Linus Pauling Insitu, University of Oregon State, 2003 Nkhani
> Bungwe Ladziko Lonse la Kuletsa Kutaya Kwambiri kwa Iodine
> Pemphani, Mary J. Chitsogozo cha Chithokomiro Chothandizira Kubereka, Kuyembekezera ndi Kuyamwitsa Kukula, Chithokomiro-Info, 2006