Zokambirana Sizingakhale Zizindikiro Zabwino Zowopsa
Chidziwitso chakhala chikukula pokhudzana ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha matenda osokoneza bongo (CTE), matenda aakulu a ubongo. CTE ikuwoneka kuti mbali imodzi imayambitsidwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kuvulala kumutu mobwerezabwereza. Kuvulala mobwerezabwereza kungabwere chifukwa cha utumiki wa usilikali kapena ku masewera owonana, monga mpira wa ku America.
Pali zambiri zomwe ofufuza sakudziwa zomwe zimayambitsa CTE, ndi zina zomwe zimapangitsa anthu kukhala pachiopsezo.
Komabe, pali kugwirizana kwakukulu kuti ngakhale kuvulala kwakukulu kochepa komwe kumayambitsa zizindikiro zazing'ono kungakhale kowononga.
Syndromes Zachipatala Zotsatira Zotsatira za Mutu Wopweteka Mutu
Kuti mumvetsetse ntchito ya kuvulazidwa pamutu mobwerezabwereza poyambitsa CTE, zingakhale zothandiza kusiyanitsa syndromes ndi magulu osiyanasiyana ovulala. Izi zikuphatikizapo:
- Kuopsa kwa ubongo wa ubongo
- Mphindi
- Matenda a Post-Concussion
- Kugonjetsa (kumatchedwanso kuwonongeka kwachisawawa)
- Kusokonezeka Kwambiri Kwambiri
Izi syndromes zimagwirizana, ndipo nthawi zina zimatha. Komabe, iwo angaphatikizepo njira zosiyana za thupi mu ubongo.
Kodi Kuvulala Kwambiri kwa Ubongo N'chiyani?
Kuvulala kwa ubongo ( TBI ) kumatanthauza mtundu wa ubongo wa ubongo umene umachitika chifukwa cha mtundu wina, kupweteka, kapena kuvulala kwina. Zowonongeka zingathe kuchitidwa mwa kugwirana mwachindunji minofu ya ubongo (monga mu kuvulala koopsa kwa ubongo) kapena mwachindunji, momwe ubongo umagwedezera mkati mwa chigaza.
Izi zikutanthauza kuti chovulalacho chimachokera ku mtundu wina wa kunja kwa mphamvu (mosiyana ndi vuto la mankhwala monga stroke ).
Matenda opatsirana pogonana amachitika pamtunda wosiyanasiyana, malingana ndi zomwe ziwalo za ubongo zawonongeka komanso momwe kuwonongeka kuli kwakukulu. Kuipa kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana imeneyi kungapangitse kuvulaza kwamuyaya kapena imfa.
Koma ngakhale TB yofatsa imatha kuyambitsa mavuto, panthawi yochepa komanso nthawi yayitali. M'zaka zaposachedwapa, ofufuza akhala akuphunzira zambiri za zotsatira za nthawi yaitali kwa anthu ena omwe amavutika ndi matendawa.
Ochita kafukufuku akuphunziranso zambiri zomwe zimachitika mu ubongo masiku, masabata, ndi miyezi ingapo pambuyo pa TBI. Ngakhale kuti nthawi zina ubongo ukhoza kubwerera kuntchire, nthawi zina pakhoza kukhala kusintha kwa nthawi yaitali mu ubongo, makamaka kwa anthu omwe amavulala mobwerezabwereza.
Kodi Cholinga N'chiyani?
Zokambirana zingathe kuonedwa ngati mtundu wofatsa wa TBI. Zizindikiro za mkangano kawirikawiri zimawonekera mwina atangovulazidwa kapena mkati mwa maola angapo. Palibe ziganizo zapadziko lonse pa zomwe zimatsutsana, koma zizindikiro zina zowonongeka zikuphatikizapo:
- Mutu
- Chizungulire
- Kusokonezeka maganizo
- Kusokonezeka
- Kugona
- Kuvuta kuganizira kapena kukumbukira
Kutaya chidziwitso nthawi zina kumachitika ndi chisokonezo, koma sizoloŵera. Kukambirana kumapezeka chifukwa cha zizindikiro za munthu ndi mbiri ya kuvulala. Nthawi zambiri zizindikiro za mkangano sizitenga nthawi yaitali kuposa sabata kapena masiku khumi (ngakhale izi zingakhale zotalikira kwa ana ndi achinyamata).
Kodi Post-Concussive Syndrome Ndi Chiyani?
Chiwerengero cha anthu omwe anali ndi chibwenzi chikupitirizabe kuona zizindikiro zina.
M'malo mochoka, zizindikiro zimapitirira pambuyo povulazidwa koyamba. Izi zingapitirire kwa miyezi yochepa komanso nthawi zina kwa chaka chimodzi kapena kuposa. Izi zimatchedwa matenda a post-concussive . Anthu oterowo mwina akhala akupitirizabe zizindikiro pamsinkhu wawo, ndipo akhoza kukumana ndi zizindikiro zina monga kupweteka ndi nkhawa.
Kafukufuku wa post-concussive syndrome ndi wovuta kwambiri, omwe ofufuza akuyesetsabe kumvetsa. Komabe, nkofunika kumvetsetsa kuti vuto la post-concussive ndi losiyana ndi CTE. Pambuyo pa matenda a concussive, zizindikiro za kukangana zimakhalabe kwa milungu ingapo kapena kuposerapo.
Izi zikusiyana ndi CTE, momwe zizindikiro siziwonekera kwa zaka zingapo. Panthawiyi sizikudziwika bwino kuti chiyanjanocho ndi chiti (ngati zilipo) pakati pa matenda othamanga pambuyo pake ndi chitukuko chamtsogolo cha CTE.
Kodi Ndikutani Kwambiri?
Nthawi zina ubongo umakhala ndi zowawa zowawa koma zosaoneka mosavuta zowonongeka zimawonekera. Izi zikhoza kugawidwa ngati chinthu chotchedwa "subconcussion." Kuvulala koteroko sikukwaniritsa momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito mankhwala. Munthu akhoza kukhala ndi zizindikiro chimodzi kapena ziwiri zokha, kapena palibe zizindikiro. Komabe, umboni wa labotale ndi zofukufuku zapamwamba zokhudzana ndi ubongo zimasonyeza kuti nthawi zina ubongo umatha kuwonongeka kwenikweni kwa thupi (komanso kuvulazidwa kwa nthawi yaitali) koma popanda zizindikiro kapena zozizwitsa. Kuvulala koteroko kungawononge ubongo makamaka ngati kawirikawiri kumachitika nthawi.
Zokambirana komanso zokambirana zingathe kuchitika m'maseŵera ambiri komanso kunja kwa masewera othamanga. Komabe, mpira wa ku America uli ndi chiŵerengero chokwanira ndipo motere wakhala mwapadera. Kuvulala kwachitsulo, makamaka, kumachitika kawirikawiri masewera olimbirana kapena kugunda. Chinthu chimodzi chomwe chikudetsa nkhaŵa za kugonjetsedwa ndikuti kuvulaza kotereku sikumachotsa ku masewero a masewera.
Kodi CTE ndi Chiyani?
CTE ndi vuto limene limawononga kapena kufa ku mbali za ubongo m'kupita kwa nthawi. Zimayambitsa zizindikiro monga
- Kulephera kukumbukira
- Chiweruzo chosautsa
- Kusokoneza maganizo kosavuta
- Kuchepetsedwa, kulankhula kosasunthika
- Parkinsonism (kuchititsa kunjenjemera, kukhwima, ndi kuyenda mofulumira)
- Kusokonezeka maganizo (ndipo nthawi zina kudzipha)
- Dementia (pambuyo pake mu matenda)
Zomwe zimayambitsa CTE sizikumveka bwino. Komabe, kubwereza mutu kumutu kumagwira ntchito. Zakakiteriya, mapuloteni ena amayamba kupezeka mosavuta mu ubongo (monga tau ndi TDP-43). Pakalipano, palibe mayeso omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuti azindikire CTE mwa anthu amoyo. Zingathe kupezeka kokha pofufuza ubongo pambuyo pa imfa.
Zowoneka kuti, zizindikiro za CTE zikuwonekera patatha zaka pambuyo pa zovuta za thupi, mwachitsanzo, pa osewerera mpira. Komabe, nkofunika kuzindikira kuti si onse amene amakumana ndi zovuta pamutu mobwerezabwereza zikuwoneka kuti akupeza CTE.
Kodi Kukambitsirana Kwabwino Kwambiri kwa CTE Ngozi?
Pakalipano, zochitika zamasewera zimagogomezera kwambiri pazokambirana kusiyana ndi kuvulala kwazing'ono. Mwachitsanzo, National Football League yakhazikitsa ndondomeko yotsatila posonyeza kuti osewera amaloledwa kubwerera kusewera. Osewera omwe ali ndi vutoli amachotsedwa pa masewera a masewerawa tsiku. Izi ndizofunika kuti munthu ayambe kuchira moyenera kuchokera ku zizindikiro zovuta.
Komabe, sizikuwonekeratu kuti zotetezera zoterezi zimateteza othamanga mokwanira. Pali umboni wakuti kubwerezabwereza, kusokonezeka kwa anthu omwe sagonjetsedwa kuchokera ku masewera) kungakhalenso ndi chiopsezo cha CTE mu nthawi yayitali.
Mwachitsanzo, kafukufuku wa 2018 wofalitsidwa m'magazini ya maphunziro a Brain anaphunzira kugwirizana pakati pa zizindikiro zogonana ndi CTE. Dokotala Lee Goldstein, pulofesa wothandizira ku Boston University of School of Medicine, adagwira ntchito ndi gulu la akatswiri ochokera m'mabungwe angapo. Gululo linayang'ana ubongo wophunzira wa atsikana omwe adakumana ndi zovulazidwa pamutu. Anagwiritsanso ntchito ndondomeko ya phokoso kuti aphunzire zotsatira za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya miseche kumapeto kwa zotsatira za CTE (poyang'aniridwa ndi microscope).
Iwo apeza kuti mbewa zina zomwe zimasonyeza zizindikiro za kukangana pambuyo pa mphuno yoyamba sizinapite patsogolo kuti ikhale ndi CTE. Komabe, mbewa zina zowonongeka (koma zochepa) sizinapangitse zizindikiro zosiyana siyana. Koma zina mwazidutswa izi kenako zinapanga zizindikiro za CTE.
Gululi linatsimikiza kuti zina mwa machitidwe omwe amachititsa kukangana zingathandize CTE . Komabe, kukambirana nokha sikuwoneke kuti n'kofunikira kuyambitsa ndondomekoyi. Mndandanda wofalitsa nkhani, Dr Goldstein anati, "Zotsatirazi zimapereka umboni wamphamvu-umboni wabwino kwambiri womwe tili nawo mpaka pano-kuti zotsatira zake sizowopsa komanso zimagwirizanitsa ndi CTE."
Zotsatira za masewera
Gulu la masewera liyenera kuthandizira kuganizira momwe zotsatirazi zimakhudzidwira pamene akukhazikitsa malangizo, kuphatikizapo kutsatira zowonongeka zomwe zilipo pazokambirana. Kuwonongeka kwa kuvulala kwa magetsi kumaphatikizapo kudziunjikira patapita nthawi. Pakalipano, tilibe chidziwitso chokhudzana ndi chiwerengero cha zotsatira zogonjetsa anthu omwe ali otetezeka kwa othamanga asanathe kutha kusewera, nyengo, kapena ntchito. Komabe, pofuna kutetezedwa kwa osewera, kusintha kumafunika kuti kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha zotsatira za mutu kwa osewera. Osewera, nayenso, ayenera kuphunzitsidwa kuti ngakhale kugonjetsedwa kosagonjetsa kungawonjezere chiopsezo chawo cha nthawi yaitali cha CTE.
> Zotsatira:
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