Kusiyanitsa pakati pa mphumu ndi COPD sikunagwiritse ntchito kukhala vuto. COPD makamaka inali vuto la akulu omwe ankasuta. Pamene amayi ndi achinyamata ambiri anayamba kusuta fodya, nkhope ya COPD inayamba kusintha.
Zotsatira zake, mphumu ndi COPD tsopano zitha kusokonezeka. Phumu ndi COPD zimachitika pakati pa achinyamata ndi achikulire, amuna ndi akazi. Tidzakambirana zinthu zomwe zingakuthandizeni kusiyanitsa pakati pa mphumu ndi COPD.
Kuonjezerapo, COPD ili ndi manyazi omwe anthu adayikapo. Zotsatira zake, ndimakhala ndi odwala nthawi zambiri akunena kuti ali ndi mphumu pamene ali ndi COPD. Izi zimapangitsa zovuta zothandizira ngati mankhwala a zinthu ziwirizi siziri zofanana.
Kodi mphumu ndi COPD ndizofanana?
Zizindikiro za mphumu ndi COPD ziri zofanana mwazimene zimatsogolera ku:
Zizindikiro izi zimakhala zosiyana mosiyana ndi mphumu ndi COPD. Ndi COPD, mumakhala ndi chifuwa cha m'mawa cha tsiku ndi tsiku. Kusintha kwa kachitidwe ka chifuwa ndi mtundu wa phlegm nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi dokotala wanu monga zizindikiro ngati kuchulukitsidwa kwa COPD kulipo. Kukhadzula tsiku ndi tsiku ndi chizindikiro cha matenda a bronchitis, mtundu kapena zosiyana za COPD.
Chifuwa cha chifuwa ndi chifuwa chamkati (makamaka usiku) ndizofala kwambiri ndi mphumu. Zizindikiro izi zidzawoneka ndi kuyamwa ndi mphamvu yanu ya mphumu.
Pamene mphumu yako ikuyendetsedwa bwino, umakhala ndi nthawi yambiri pamene ulibe chizindikiro.
Komabe, matenda a mphumu ndi COPD ndi osiyana kwambiri. Ngakhale zizindikiro zikhoza kukhala zofanana, njira yomwe imayambitsa zizindikirozo ndi yosiyana.
Mafupa onse ndi COPD angatengedwe ngati matenda opweteka, koma kutupa kumachokera ku mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maselo.
Pa matenda a mphumu , kutupa kumakhala koopsa kuchokera pakupangidwa kwa eosinophils, pamene kutentha kwa COPD kumaphatikizapo kupanga ma neutrophils ndi macrophages pazaka zambiri.
Mafunso angapo angakuthandizeni kudziwa chomwe mungakhale nacho:
- Ndinali ndi zaka zingati pamene ndinapezeka? COPD kawirikawiri ndi matenda a anthu achikulire, pamene ambiri, koma osati onse, mphumu imapezeka mu ubwana kapena unyamata. COPD sichidziwika kawirikawiri asanafike zaka 40.
- Kodi ndayamba ndasuta? Ngakhale odwala ambiri a mphumu amasuta, odwala ambiri a mphumu sanasute fodya. Ngakhale kuti odwala ena omwe ali ndi COPD sanasute fodya, oposa 80% omwe ali ndi COPD akhala akusuta kale kapena akusuta.
- Nchiyani chimatsogolera ku zizindikiro? Odwala ambiri a COPD amakumana ndi zizindikiro tsiku ndi tsiku pamene odwala asthma amakhala ndi nthawi yochepa popanda zizindikiro. Komanso, odwala a mphumu amakhala ndi zowawa monga mungu kapena zina zomwe zimapangitsa kuti asakhalepo. Odwala a mphumu amatha kugwira ntchito yachibadwa kapena yapafupi pambuyo pochita zovuta ndi mankhwala a bronchoconstriction, airway hyperresponsiveness, ndi kutupa kwa mpweya. Odwala COPD amatha kuchepa pang'onopang'ono m'mapapo mwa kusiya kusuta, koma mapapu awo sagwiranso ntchito. Odwala a COPD amafunira chisamaliro chifukwa cha mpweya wochepa ndipo potsiriza, odwala COPD ali ndi mphamvu zochepa zolimbitsa thupi. Pakapita nthawi odwala COPD amalephera kulemera, kuchepa mphamvu, ndi umoyo wa moyo kuphatikizapo mphamvu yawo yotsika.
Kuti nkhaniyi ikhale yosokoneza pang'ono, odwala ena a COPD akhoza kukhala ndi chifuwa cha mphumu. Kuwonjezera apo, odwala ena a mphumu amasuta ndipo ali pangozi yoti apange COPD-monga wina aliyense wosuta fodya.
Odwala ena a COPD amavomereza kuchitapo kanthu pa kuyesedwa kwa ntchito yamapapo. Ngati pali chigawo chosinthika kwa COPD yanu, munganene kuti muli ndi chigawo cha mphumu. Pamene pali zochepa kwambiri kuti zisabwererenso, palibe gawo la mphumu liripo. Bungwe la American Thoracic Society limatanthawuza kuwonetsetsa monga positi-bronchodilator kuwonjezeka mu FEV1 ya osachepera 12% kwa onse a COPD ndi mphumu.
Pankhaniyi, matendawa si ofanana.
Kuchuluka kwa reversibility kawirikawiri kumakhala kochepa kwambiri kwa wodwala wa COPD poyerekeza ndi asthmatic.
Kodi Zizindikiro za Khunyu ndi COPD Zofanana?
Nthenda ya mphumu ndi COPD ikhoza kuyambitsa kupuma, chifuwa cholimba, kupuma pang'ono, ndi chifuwa chachikulu. Komabe, kuchuluka kwa zizindikiro ndi matenda akuluakulu a mphumu ndi COPD ndi zosiyana. Ndi COPD, mumakhala ndi chifuwa cha m'mawa, kuchulukitsidwa kwa mimba, ndi zizindikiro zosalekeza. Ngati muli ndi mphumu, mumakhala ndi zizindikiro m'magulu ndi / kapena usiku. Kuwonjezera apo, zizindikiro za mphumu zikhoza kuchitika pambuyo poyang'ana pa zovuta zinazake.
Kodi mphumu ndi COPD ndizofanana?
Ngakhale adokotala angagwiritse ntchito mankhwala omwe amachiza matenda a asthma ndi COPD, "nthawi, bwanji, ndi momwe" mankhwalawa angakhale osiyana.
Cholinga cha chithandizo cha mphumu ndi kukhala wopanda zizindikiro ndi mapafupi omwe ali pafupi kwambiri pomwe cholinga cha chithandizo cha COPD ndikuteteza kuwonongeke kwa mapapo, kuchepetsa kuchulukitsa, komanso kusintha moyo. Mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mphumu zonse ndi COPD angaphatikizepo:
- Steroids yosakanikirana: Steroid yosakanizidwa, monga Flovent, imapindulitsa pa mphumu zonse komanso za COPD chifukwa mankhwala amachiza m'mapapo - koma mankhwala osokoneza bongo amagwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyana ndi mphumu ndi COPD. Mu chifuwa cha mphumu, steroid yosakanizidwa nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yoyamba pamene mankhwala akufunikira tsiku ndi tsiku, kawirikawiri mutapitiliza kuchoka pakati pa mphindi imodzi mpaka mphumu yosalekeza. Mu COPD, steroid yosakanizidwa imaphatikizidwa pambuyo pa odwala kukhala ndi COPD yaikulu ndi zovuta zambiri.
- Anticholinergics: Ngakhale kuti antirolinergics yaying'ono, monga Atrovent, imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda oopsa a asthma, anticholinergics yaitali ngati Spiriva sichitigwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala olamulirako mu mphumu. Spiriva, komabe, imagwiritsidwa ntchito mofulumira ku COPD chifukwa yakhala ikugwirizana ndi kusintha kwa mapapu, zizindikiro, ndi umoyo wa moyo pamene kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa COPD ndi kuchipatala.
- Odwala a bronchodilators afupipafupi (SABAs): Mu mphumu, SABAs amagwiritsidwa ntchito popereka mpumulo wa zizindikiro zovuta, koma mutagwiritsa ntchito SABA mokwanira kuti mukhale ndi mphumu yochepa ya mankhwala a mphumu, mankhwala ena amafunika. Komano, ndondomeko ya SABA ndi imodzi mwa mankhwala oyamba a COPD.
- A agonist otalikirana kwambiri (LABAs): Pamene agonist omwe akhala akutha nthawi yaitali ngati Serevent angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati njira yoyenera ya mankhwala oyamba a COPD, LABA sichiwonetsedwa mu mphumu kufikira mutakhala ndi mphumu yochepa.
- Opaleshoni: Izi zimapezeka kokha kwa COPD. Mankhwalawa amawasungira odwala omwe alephera kuchipatala. Pakalipano pali mankhwala ena ochepa omwe odwala angapeze phindu la opaleshoni yochepetsetsa m'mapapo mwa njira yowonjezera.
- Kutentha Kwambiri Kwambiri : Pachipatachi chokhachi, odwala omwe ali ndi mphumu yambiri yomwe imakhala yosasamalidwa bwino ndi corticosteroids yomwe imaphatikizidwa ndi agonists omwe akhala akutalika nthawi yaitali, amatha kutentha chifukwa cha kutentha kwapakati pazomwe zimachititsa kuti zikhale zosavuta komanso zowonjezereka potsatira zomwe zimawoneka kuti zingatheke. kumayambitsa matenda a mphumu .
Ngati simukudziwa kuti muli ndi COPD kapena mphumu, onetsetsani kuti mukuwona dokotala musanayambe njira iliyonse ya mankhwala.
Zotsatira:
National Heart, Lung, ndi Blood Institute. Report of Panel Panel 3 (EPR3): Malangizo Othandizira Kuzindikira ndi Kusamalira Khunyu
Tinkelman DG, Price DB, Nordyke RJ, Halbert RJ. Kusokonezeka kwa matenda a COPD ndi mphumu pa chisamaliro chapakati odwala azaka 40 ndi kupitirira. J Nthenda. 2006 Jan-Feb; 43 (1): 75-80.
Kuebler KK, PC Buchsel, Balkstra CR. Kusiyanitsa matenda osokoneza bongo omwe amabwera chifukwa cha mphumu. J Amaphunziro a Nurse Pract. 2008 Sep; 20 (9): 445-54.