Mawu akuti mliri ndi mliri nthawi zambiri amagwirizanitsidwa ndipo mosavuta amasokonezeka. Komabe, ngakhale zili zofanana, mawu awiriwa ali ndi tanthauzo losiyana kwambiri. Choncho, kufotokozera kwakukulu ndikofunikira.
Mliriwu ndi Mliri
Mliriwu umatchula matenda opatsirana, opatsirana kapena opatsirana omwe amafalikira kwa anthu ambiri kudera linalake. Mwachitsanzo, kuphulika kwa chimfine cha nkhumba ku United States chikhoza kuonedwa ngati mliri, malinga ngati matendawa ali ochepa ku United States chabe.
Mliri umachitika mochulukitsa kuchuluka kwa milandu yomwe nthawi zambiri imayembekezeredwa ku matenda kapena matenda. Mawuwo sayenera kusokonezeka ndi chizoloŵezi .
Mliriwu umasiyana kwambiri ndi mliri. Monga mliri, mliriwu ukutanthauza matenda opatsirana, opatsirana kapena omwe ali nawo. Komabe, mosiyana ndi mliri, mliri sikuti umangokhala malo amodzi okhawo. M'malo mwake, mliriwu ukhoza kuphatikiza mamiliyoni a anthu m'madera ambiri ndi mayiko kuzungulira dziko lapansi, malinga ndi momwe bungwe la World Health Organization limafotokozera.
Miyeso ya Mliri
Bungwe la World Health Organization limayang'ana mavairasi onse pamagulu osiyanasiyana:
- Gawo 1: Pakati pa gawo 1, mavairasi amayenda pakati pa nyama zokha. Palibe matenda a munthu omwe adayambanso chifukwa cha kachirombo ka nyama.
- Gawo 2: Mu gawo lachiwiri, kachilombo ka nyama kamayambitsa matenda mu umunthu. Panthawiyi, pali chiwerengero chachikulu cha mliri woopsya chifukwa vuto la kachilombo ka HIV lasinthika kuti lipititse kwa munthu. Anthu tsopano ali ndi kachilomboka.
- Gawo 3: Mu gawo lachitatu, kachirombo ka HIV kamapitirira kufalikira. Magulu a anthu ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV m'madera amodzi. Pali zotheka kufalitsa kachilomboka ngati ena kunja kwa mudziwo akukhudzana ndi anthu omwe ali ndi kachirombo ka HIV. Panthawi imeneyi, matendawa angaganizidwe kuti ndi mliri m'deralo, koma sikunali mliri.
- Gawo 4: Mu gawo lachinayi, kachilomboka kakufalikira kwambiri. Kufalitsa kachilombo kaumunthu kwa anthu ndi kwa nyama ndi kwa anthu akuyambitsa kuphulika m'madera ambiri ndipo anthu ambiri akudwala m'madera amenewo. Mipingo yambiri imabweretsa mavuto ndipo kuthekera kwa nthendayi kumakhala kovuta, ngakhale kuti chitukuko sichinali chitsimikizo.
- Gawo 5: Mu gawo lachisanu, kufalitsa anthu kwa anthu kumachitika m'mayiko awiri m'madera amodzi a WHO. WHO ili ndi magulu 120 a Influenza Central Centers m'mayiko 90. Pa gawo lachisanu, mayiko ambiri sanayambepopo, koma mliri ukuonedwa kuti uli pafupi. Gawo lachisanu limatanthauza kuti maboma ndi ogwira ntchito zaumoyo ayenera kukhala okonzeka kukwaniritsa zolinga zawo zowonongeka.
- Gawo lachisanu ndi chimodzi: Gawo lomalizira ndilo gawo lachisanu ndi chimodzi. Pachiyambi chachisanu ndi chimodzi, mliri wadziko lonse ukuchitika. Matenda ali ponseponse ndipo maboma ndi ogwira ntchito zaumoyo akugwira ntchito mwakhama kuti athetse kufalikira kwa matendawa, komanso kuthandiza anthu awo kuthana ndi vutoli pogwiritsa ntchito njira zowonongolera komanso zoletsa.
- Post-pandemic: Post-pandemic ndi nthawi pambuyo pa mliriwu. Pambuyo pa kuwonjezeka kwa ntchito, ntchito yofalitsa matenda idzayamba. Kupewa mpweya wachiwiri ndikofunika pa nthawiyi.
Nthawi ya magawo amenewa imasiyanasiyana kwambiri, chifukwa imatha kusiyana kuchokera miyezi mpaka zaka.