Amayi ambiri ndi madokotala ambiri sakudziwa kuti matenda a mtima ndi opha munthu mmodzi, komanso chifukwa chofala kwambiri cha ulema. Komanso, matenda a mtima omwe amawoneka mwa amayi nthawi zambiri sali ofanana ndi matenda a mtima mwa amuna. Zingakhale zovuta kudziwitsa, komanso zovuta kuchiza.
Izi zimabweretsa zikhulupiriro ziwiri zolakwika (zomwe zimakhala zovuta) zomwe zimagwiridwa ndi amayi ambiri ndi madokotala awo. Azimayi samakhala ndi matenda a mtima ambiri, ndipo akamachita, amakhala ngati mtima womwe amapeza.
Chowonadi n'chakuti sikuti matenda a mtima ndi amodzi kwambiri mwa amayi, komanso pamene amayi ali ndi matenda a mtima nthawi zambiri amachita mosiyana kwambiri ndi momwe amachitira amuna. Kulephera kumvetsetsa mfundo ziwiri izi zimayambitsa imfa zambiri zomwe zimalephereka komanso kulemala kwa amayi omwe ali ndi matenda a mtima.
Mkazi Wopambana Kwambiri
Pa kafukufuku wopangidwa ndi American Heart Association, amayi asanu ndi mmodzi mwa amayi khumi (10) mwa amayi khumi (10) aliwonse adanena kuti chiopsezo chachikulu pa thanzi lawo chinali khansa ya m'mawere; mmodzi yekha mwa khumi anati ndi matenda a mtima.
Koma mu 1999, pamene kansa inali kupha amayi 264,000 a ku America (41,000 mwa iwo anafa ndi khansa ya m'mawere,) matenda a mtima adaphedwa kawiri (513,000) ndipo ndizofanana chaka chilichonse. Ndipotu, chaka chilichonse kuyambira 1984, amayi ambiri kuposa amuna amwalira ndi matenda a mtima.
Madokotala ambiri samazipeza izo mwina. Kafukufuku wina anapeza kuti osachepera theka la madokotala anaganiza kuti matenda a mtima ndi owopsa kwambiri kwa odwala awo.
Choipa kwambiri, osachepera theka la amayi onse omwe akulandira chithandizo chamankhwala nthawi zonse amanena kuti madokotala awo adayamba kuyankhula nawo za kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima.
Zizindikiro Zimasiyanasiyana Kwambiri
Mwina zovuta zambiri, zizindikiro za matenda a mtima komanso matenda a mtima wokha zingakhale zosiyana kwambiri ndi akazi kusiyana ndi amuna.
Popeza mabuku ambiri azachipatala amafotokoza "matenda" a mtima (omwe ndi amuna okoma mtima), madokotala nthawi zambiri amalephera kudziwa matenda a mtima pamene amawona odwala awo. Kuwona kuti matenda a mtima ndi ofala kwambiri kwa amayi, ndipo panthawi imodzimodziyo amanyalanyazidwa ndi kusamvetsetsedwa ndi amayi ndi madotolo awo amathandizira njira yayikulu ku chiwerengero cha imfa.
Ngati ndinu mkazi, muyenera kudziwa zofunikira za matenda a mtima komanso makamaka matenda a mtima monga momwe zimakhalira ndi amai. Zotsatirazi ndizopadera za matenda a mtima mwa amayi, zomwe mkazi aliyense ayenera kudziwa.
- Zinthu Zowopsa M'thupi mwa Akazi : Zokambirana za "classic" zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a mtima zimakhudzana ndi amuna ndi akazi. Koma ngati ndinu mkazi, pali zinthu zambiri zomwe muyenera kuziganizira kuti muteteze matenda a mtima.
- Zizindikiro za Matenda a Mtima Amayi : Azimayi omwe ali ndi matenda a mtima nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zizindikiro mosiyana ndi amuna - ndipo madokotala awo akhoza kusocheretsedwa ndi kusiyana kumeneku. Monga mkazi, muyenera kudziwa momwe matenda a mtima amatha kukhalira osiyana ndi zizindikiro zomwe zafotokozedwa m'buku la dokotala.
- Matenda a Coronary Arrival : A Coronary artery disease (CAD) ndi matenda ambiri a mtima mwa amuna ndi akazi. Koma CAD ikhoza kukhala ndi njira zina zodabwitsa kwa amai, zomwe zingachititse madokotala ku njira yolakwika.
- Kulephera kwa Mtima kwa Akazi : Kulephera kwa mtima ndi chizoloŵezi cha mtima wamtima chomwe chimakhala ndi zochitika zosiyana kwambiri ndi akazi. Ngati ndinu mkazi yemwe ali ndi mtima wolephera, apa pali zomwe muyenera kudziwa.
- Malamulo ena a Cardiac Amakhudza makamaka Akazi : Kuphatikiza pa CAD ndi mtima wosalimba, palinso zinthu zambiri za mtima zomwe zimawoneka mwa amayi omwe angakhale odabwitsa kapena osokoneza madokotala. Izi zimaphatikizapo dysautonomias , palpitations , tachycardia yosayenera , postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) , ndi protra valve prolapse .
> Zotsatira:
Mosca, L, Manson, JE, Sutherland, SE, et al. Matenda a mtima m'mabanja: lipoti la akatswiri azaumoyo ochokera ku American Heart Association. Gulu Lolemba. Kuyendayenda 1997; 96: 2468.
Stangl V, Witzel V, Baumann G, Stangl K. Mfundo zamakono zowunikira kuti azindikire matenda amtundu wa abambo kuzimayi. Mtima; 29: 707.
Mieres JH, Gulati M, Bairey Merz N, et al. Udindo wa kuyesa kosagonjetsa kuchipatala kafukufuku wa amayi omwe akudandaula kuti ndi ischemic heart disease: mawu ogwirizana ochokera ku American Heart Association. Circulation 2014; 130: 350.