Ophunzira Za Zaumoyo Amapereka Mphoto Yodzichepetsa Ndi Mzere Wochepa
Kusintha kwa chithandizo cha zaumoyo komanso tsogolo la Care Affordable Care Act ndi nkhani yotsutsana kwambiri ku Washington, ndi kudutsa dziko lonse lapansi. Kuyambira pachiyambi cha ACA, chomwe chimadziwikanso kuti Obamacare, chinaperekedwa mu 2010, akatswiri ambiri azaumoyo akhala akuganiza kuti akuchoka pankhaniyi, ngakhale kuti amachita zamankhwala ndi kupereka chithandizo chamankhwala kutsogolo tsiku lililonse, ndikuwona zotsatira za boma ndondomeko pa moyo wa odwala nthawi zonse.
Kodi Madokotala Amalingalira Zotani Zokhudza Kusintha Kwambiri kwa Zaumoyo?
Ngati akatswiri azachipatala anali oti aziwongolera za kusintha kwaumoyo, kodi alemba bwanji mfundoyi? Kodi ndi njira zotani zomwe akatswiri azaumoyo amaganiza kuti zingakhale zogwira mtima komanso zopindulitsa ku United States? Zimakhala zovuta kufufuza akatswiri azaumoyo pamfundoyi, koma kafukufuku wambiri amasonyeza kuti, mofanana ndi chiwerengero cha anthu a m'dzikoli, akatswiri a zachipatala amagawidwa pa zomwe akuganiza kuti ndizo ndondomeko zabwino zopititsa patsogolo chithandizo cha mankhwala .
Mfundo imodzi yomwe akatswiri azachipatala akuwoneka kuti akuvomerezana ndikuti Graham-Cassidy Bill-yomwe inagwetsedwa mu September 2017 popanda kubwereza voti-ikanakhala tsoka kwa kayendedwe ka thanzi la mtunduwo. Makampani akuluakulu azachipatala ambiri adatulutsira mawu otsutsa anthu otsutsa lamulo la Graham-Cassidy, kuphatikizapo American Medical Association, American Cancer Society, ndi zina zambiri.
Kafukufuku wina waposachedwapa wa akatswiri a zaumoyo pafupifupi 900, omwe alembedwa ndi MDLinx, webusaitiyi yomwe imapereka maphunziro opitiliza maphunziro ndi zachipatala kwa akatswiri azaumoyo, adawulula kuti madokotala ndi asing'anga akuwoneka kuti akulandira malipiro amodzi, omwe ndi kusintha kwakukulu kwa zaka zaposachedwapa. Pa kafukufukuyu, womwe unachitikira chakumapeto kwa mwezi wa September 2017, Bernie Sanders atangomaliza kukonza mapulani a "Medicare for All", oposa 38 peresenti ya anthu omwe anafunsidwawo analandira malipiro amodzi pa ACA, omwe adalandira thandizo kuchokera kwa 18 peresenti ya anthu omwe anafunsidwa.
Komabe, owerengeka omwewo, (38 peresenti) anasankha "chinachake chatsopano," ndondomeko yosiyana kwambiri ndi njira yomwe ilipo panopa komanso zomwe akufuna kuchita, atafunsidwa kuti ndi pulogalamu iti yomwe amaganiza kuti ndi yabwino kwambiri pakukonza thanzi. Ndi 7 peresenti yokha yomwe inasankha Graham-Cassidy kukhala njira yabwino kwambiri.
Kodi Amankhwala Amaganizo Amaganizo Amaganizani Zopanda Phindu Lokha?
Ogwira ntchito zaumoyo adanena kuti ali ndi ndalama zambiri zothandizira olemba malipiro awo, ngakhale kuti amakhulupirira kuti zikhoza kuchepetsa antchito ochipatala. Pakati pa anthu omwe anafunsidwa, 41 peresenti adanena kuti amaganiza kuti malipiro amodzi amatha kupeza "ndalama zocheperapo" ndalama ngati thanzi la akatswiri, ndipo ena 26 peresenti amaganiza kuti adzalandira "pang'ono" ndi malipiro amodzi. Ambiri mwa anthu 100 aliwonse omwe anafunsidwawo adanena kuti akhoza kupeza ndalama zofanana, pamene 8 peresenti adanena kuti angayambe kupeza ndalama zambiri pa malipiro amodzi.
Kuonjezerapo, anthu omwe anafunsidwa anafunsidwa za momwe angagwiritsire ntchito njira imodzi yokhapira ndalama pazinthu zosiyanasiyana za dongosolo lachipatala. Otsutsawo akuwonetsa kuti njira imodzi yokhapira malipiro ikhoza kuyendetsa mbali ya bizinesi ya zamankhwala yowonongeka kwambiri, koma ingathandizenso madokotala kuti apume pantchito, ndipo mwina amalepheretsa ophunzira kupita ku sukulu ya zachipatala kapena kulowa m'munda wa mankhwala.
Mayankho ochokera kwa madokotala ndi odwala omwe amalembedwa amasiyana kwambiri akafunsidwa za nthawi yomwe pakhomopo angagwiritsidwe ntchito ku United States. Pafupifupi 27 peresenti amaganiza kuti sipadzakhalanso malipiro amodzi; 22 peresenti amaneneratu kuti kachitidwe kamodzi kothandizira kadzagwiritsidwe ntchito mkati mwa zaka zisanu zokha; 35 peresenti amaneneratu kuti kulipira malipiro amodzi mwa zaka khumi, ndipo ena 16 peresenti amapanga polojekiti ya malipiro amodzi mwa zaka 25.
Kulipira Osakwatira ndi Kusamalira Oleza Mtima
Akafunsidwa momwe njira imodzi yokhapilira ndalama zingakhudzire ubwino wa chisamaliro cha odwala, pafupifupi 35 peresenti ya akatswiri azaumoyo amaona kuti khalidweli likhoza kuyenda bwino, pamene pafupifupi 45 peresenti amaona kuti kusamalidwa kwabwino kumachepa ndi malipiro amodzi.
Otsalira 18 peresenti ya anthu omwe anafunsidwawo adawona kuti sipadzakhala kusintha kwa ubwino wa chisamaliro chomwe chimaperekedwa pansi pa malipiro amodzi.
Ogwira ntchito zaumoyo anali ogawidwa mofanana ndi momwe mphotho imodzi imakhudzidwira pa ntchito yoyenera yaumoyo-46 peresenti amaganiza kuti njira imodzi yokhapira ndalama idzawonjezeka bwino, ndipo 40 peresenti akuganiza kuti idzachepa bwino. Ena otsala 14 peresenti amaona kuti malipiro amodzi okha sangasinthe kayendedwe ka kayendedwe kathanzi.
Pamene anafunsidwa kuti kulipira ngongole kumakhudza bwanji ndalama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zothandizira zaumoyo ku US, oposa theka (51 peresenti) adachepetsa, ndipo 34 peresenti ya anthu omwe anafunsidwawo anati malipiro amodzi adzakwera ndalama zambiri.
Kafukufuku wokhudza madokotala oposa 1,000 omwe a Merritt Hawkins ndi Associates, omwe amagwira ntchito yolemba ntchito, akupeza kuti 56 peresenti ya anthu omwe anafunsidwa amathandizanso kuti pakhale malipiro amodzi okha, omwe anali osinthasintha kwambiri poyerekeza ndi kafukufuku womwe adachitika mu 2008, 58 peresenti amatsutsa njira imodzi yokhapira, malinga ndi CNN.