Aliyense amene akugwira ntchito ku dipatimenti yosavuta kudera lakumpoto amadziŵa kuti pamasiku omwe akuwombera kwambiri, sangawononge nthawi yopuma-iwo adzakhala akuthamanga osayima panthawi yawo yonse. Ndibwino kuti adziwonetse anthu ochepa omwe anavulazidwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa galimoto, kapena kuopsa kwa ngozi.
Koma ndizodziwikiratu kuti iwo adzasokonezedwa ndi anthu omwe adzipanga matenda amodzidzidzidzi omwe amachititsidwa ndi chipale chofewa.
Ndipo pofuna kuthana ndi mavuto a zachipatala okhudzana ndi mafosholowa adzakhala ndi mitundu iwiri ya akatswiri azachipatala pajambulira mofulumira. Yoyamba ndi dokotala wa opaleshoni, amene amadzipezera yekha masiku angapo akupweteka kumbuyo, kuvulala kwa ntchafu, mavoti opotoka, mabala a rotator , ndi mapulogalamu opunduka .
Katswiri wachiwiri pa kujambula mofulumira ndi katswiri wa zamoyo. Ndipotu dipatimenti iliyonse yamtengo wapatali yamtengo wapatali imakhala ikugwira ntchito mwakhama komanso ikuphatikizapo labotale . Chifukwa chake, chipale chofewa ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yothetsera vuto la mtima mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda amtundu wambiri (CAD) .
Mavuto Amtima Okhudzana ndi Mafupa
Kuwonongeka kwa mtima kumene kumachitika pamene chipale chofewa chimakhala chofala kwambiri.
Pa kafukufuku wofalitsidwa mu 2012, ofufuza adawona odwala 500 omwe anachiritsidwa ndi matenda aakulu (ACS) pa nyengo ziwiri zofanana.
Apeza kuti 7 peresenti ya zoopsa za mtimazi zokhudzana ndi chipale chofewa. Komanso, iwo adapeza kuti kukhala wamwamuna komanso kukhala ndi mbiri ya banja la matenda a mtima asanamwalire aliyense amathandizidwa kwambiri ndi ACS chifukwa cha chisanu chowombera.
Pa kafukufuku wochokera ku Canada wofalitsidwa mu 2017, ofufuza anayerekeza maulendo ovomerezeka kuchipatala ndi zizindikiro za imfa kwa anthu a ku Quebec omwe ali ndi malo osungirako nyengo, kwa zaka 1981 mpaka 2013.
Panthawi imeneyi, kuvutika kwa mtima kwa 128,000 ndi kufa kwa 68,000 chifukwa cha matenda a mtima kunachitika. Chodabwitsa, gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a mliri wa mtima unayamba tsiku lotsatira kwambiri. Kuwonjezera apo, iwo adapeza "chizoloŵezi chochitapo kanthu" -kutanthauza kuti, chipale chofewa (kwambiri chipale chofewa, kapena masiku owonjezereka kwambiri chipale chofewa) ndipamwamba pamayendedwe a mtima. Mu phunziro ili, kutentha kwa kunja kunkaphatikizidwa ndi kuwonjezeka kwa matenda a mtima, koma msinkhu wa chipale chofewa chinali chogwirizana kwambiri.
Monga momwe zilili ndi maphunziro ena onse kuyang'ana chipale chofewa ndi mtima, phunziro la 2017 ku Canada linapezanso mgwirizano wokha ndi amuna, osati ndi akazi.
Chifukwa Chiyani Kutentha kwa Chipale Kumachepetsa Kutha Kwa Mtima?
Chipale chofewa chimapanga chisokonezo chachilendo pamaganizo a mtima. Kupsinjika kwa mtima kumeneku kungayambitse matenda a mtima mwa munthu yemwe ali ndi CAD yapansi. Pamene chipale chofewa chimagwira ntchito, zinthu zingapo zimagwirira ntchito limodzi kuti ziwonjezere kwambiri kupsinjika maganizo kwa mtima.
Chifukwa chimodzi, kudzikongoletsa kumaphatikizapo kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Zochita zolimbitsa thupi zimadetsa nkhawa kwambiri pamaganizo a mtima kusiyana ndi kuchita mwendo. Ndipotu, kafukufuku wa anyamata achichepere amasonyeza kuti pamene amafukula chisanu, amafika pamtima komanso kulemera kwa magazi komwe kumakhala kwakukulu kuposa pamene akuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi.
Ndipo pamene chisanu chiri chakuya kapena cholemera, ntchito ya fosholo imakhala yaikulu kwambiri.
Anthu akamakweza mafosholo aakulu a chipale chofewa, ambiri amatha kugwira mpweya wawo, kupanga zotsatira za Valsalva . Valsalva iyi imapangitsa kuti magazi azikwera kwambiri panthawi yomwe ntchito yatha.
Chipale chofewa, mwakutanthauzira, ndi nyengo yozizira yochita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Ndipo nyengo yozizira, vasoconstriction (kupopera kwa mitsempha ya magazi) imapezeka mitsempha yaing'ono yamagazi, yomwe imapangitsanso kukanikiza kwa magazi ndipo imatulutsa nkhawa yaikulu ya mtima. Kuwonjezera apo, kupuma mumlengalenga ozizira kungathe kuwononga mpweya komanso kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kupatsa oxygen yochuluka imene mtima umafunikira panthawi yachisokonezo.
Kutentha kotentha kumatha kupangitsa mitsempha inayake-kuphatikizapo mitsempha yamakono-mwa anthu ena.
Kuti zinthu zikhale zovuta kwambiri, anthu ambiri amawombera chisanu m'mawa, pamene akuda nkhawa kuti atuluke panyumba ndikuyamba ntchito zawo za tsiku ndi tsiku. Izi zikutanthauza zinthu ziwiri. Choyamba, nsapato za chisanu zimakonda kukhala mofulumira, choncho pothamanga kuchoka mu msewu amadziyesera okha kuposa momwe angachitire. Chachiwiri, akuyesera kuchita ntchitoyi yonseyi panthawi yomwe mafilimu awo amachititsa kuti azivutika kwambiri ndi mitsempha ya mtima. Kuwonjezera phokoso lachipale chofewa kwambiri pa nthawi ino ya tsiku kungakhale chinthu choipa kwambiri.
Ndani Amayesedwa Pamtima Pamene Akukoka Chipale Chofewa?
Aliyense yemwe ali ndi digirii ya CAD ali pachiopsezo chapamwamba cha chochitika chamoyo cha mtima pamene chisanu chofiira. Chiopsezochi chimawonjezeka kwambiri mwa anthu omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala pansi komanso amatsutsidwa.
Tiyenera kuzindikira kuti anthu ambiri omwe alibe CAD sakudziwa. Anthu omwe amadziwa kuti ali ndi CAD, ambiri, amakhala ndi zizindikiro za mtundu umodzi (nthawi zambiri angina ), zomwe zachititsa kuti azindikire. Kawirikawiri, anthuwa akudziwa kale kuti chipale chofewa chimapangitsa kuti zikhale pangozi, ndipo zimakhala zotheka kupeŵa kuchita zimenezi.
Ambiri mwa anthu omwe ali ndi mtima wamantha pamene chisanu chofewa sadziwa kuti ali ndi CAD. Chimene amadziŵa (kapena ayenera) ndi chakuti ali ndi zifukwa zoopsa za CAD, monga shuga , matenda oopsa , kusuta fodya, kolesterolini yakwezeka , kapena kukhala woposa kunenepa, kukhala padera, kapena zaka zoposa 55 kapena 60. Akatswiri a zamoyo amakhulupirira kuti anthu ambiri oposa 55 kapena ena, omwe ali ndi zifukwa zina zoopsa, amakhaladi ndi CAD pang'ono.
Ngati mukudziwa kuti muli ndi CAD, kapena muli ndi chimodzi kapena ziwiri mwazifukwazi, makamaka ngati ndinu mwamuna, muyenera kusamala kwambiri za chipale chofewa. Pang'ono ndi pang'ono, kuzizira kwa chipale chofewa kumapangitsa kuti mukhale ndi vuto lalikulu la thupi lanu. Chipale chozama ndi / kapena cholemera kwambiri, ndipo chikuluzikulu chomwe mukuyenera kuzikamo, chimawopsa kwambiri.
Ngozi ya Akazi
Monga taonera, kafukufuku amene adawona kuyanjana kwa chipale chofewa ndi chipsinjo cha mtima apeza kuti pangakhale chiopsezo kwa amuna, koma osati mwa amayi. Ngakhale kuli kotheka kuti chisanu chophimba chisanu sichingakhale chowopsa kwa amai, zikuwoneka kuti maphunzirowa athandizidwa mwa njirayi chifukwa chakuti amuna amatha kupita kukachita fosholo. Komabe, mwinamwake chifukwa chakhala chosaloŵerera pa ndale ngakhale kulingalira za zinthu monga zokhudzana ndi kugonana kwa chipale chofewa, ochita kafukufuku sanayesebe kusonkhanitsa deta yamtundu uwu. Chipale chofewa mwina ndi choopsa kwa amayi, koma sitinganene motero ndi chidaliro chilichonse.
Choncho, mpaka deta yoyenera isonkhanitsidwe, malangizo othandiza kwambiri azimayi ayenera kuganizira za zowonongeka za chipale chofewa kuti zikhale zoopsa ngati momwe zilili ndi amuna.
Kuchepetsa Vuto Lanu Lowonjezera Chipale Chofewa
Palibenso njira yodziwira kuti chipale chofewa chimapangitsa kuti thupi likhale ndi nkhawa kwambiri. Malangizowo abwino kwambiri ochepetsera chiopsezo chanu ndi kupeŵa chipale chofewa ngati muli ndi CAD, kapena chimodzi kapena ziwiri zoopsa za CAD-makamaka ngati muli ndi zaka zoposa 55 kapena kuposa. Ngati ndiwe, njira yabwino ingakhale kukonzekera ntchito yoyeretsa msewu wanu komanso kuyenda kwanu. Zingakhale zodula, koma ndi zotsika mtengo kuposa matenda a mtima.
Ngati mukufuna kuwombera chipale chofewa ngakhale mutakhala ndi uphungu wabwino kwambiri, muyenera kuchita zonse zomwe mungathe kuti muchepetse vuto lalikulu la mtima lomwe mukudzipangira nokha.
Chinthu chabwino kwambiri chomwe mungachite ndicho kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse kuti mupangitse ntchito yanu kulekerera. Kukhalabe ndi thupi labwino la thupi kumakupangitsani kufotokoza chipale chofewa pamene mukupanga zovuta za mtima (ngakhale zilipobe). Koma ngati mukuyang'ana phazi la chisanu panjira yanu pakalipano, malangizowa sangagwire ntchito. Choncho perekani mwana wanu wokwana $ 25 kuti agwire ntchito lero, kenaka mukhale mawonekedwe a nyengo yozizira yotsatira.
Ngati mukulimbikitsabe kuti mudziwe, yesetsani kuyembekezera mpaka tsiku limene nyimbo zanu zazing'ono zakhala zochepa kwambiri ndipo kutentha kunja kungakhale kochepa pang'ono. Phimbani pakamwa panu ndi mphanga kuti mutenthe mpweya umene mumapuma. Yambani nokha. Chitani ntchitoyi pawiri, katatu, kapena zinayi m'malo momodzi, mwatenthedwa ndi kutentha (ndikuganiziranso zolinga zanu) pakati.
Ndipo ngati fosholo imapanga zizindikiro zirizonse-makamaka kupweteka kwa chifuwa, kumutu kochepa , kapena kupuma pang'ono-kungosiya zomwe mukuchita. Kuda nkhawa kwanu si chipale chofewa, ndizofunika kuti muwone dokotala. Tiyeni tiyimire fosholo pakalipano ndipo muthe kuona dokotala musanafike (osati pambuyo pake) mwakhala mukuwonongeka kwamuyaya pamtima mwanu-kapena poipa kwambiri.
> Zotsatira:
> Alter DA. Khalidwe la Eco-Biological Mphepete Yopambana Yomwe Imatsatira Mvula Yamkuntho Yaikulu. CMAJ 2017; 189: E22522-6.
> Auger N, Potter BJ, Smargiassi A, et al. Mgwirizano pakati pa kuchuluka kwa nthawi ndi nthawi ya chipale chofewa ndi ngozi ya Myocardial Infarction. CMAJ 2017; 189: E235-242. Zosintha
> Nichols RB, McIntyre WF, Chan S. ndi al. Chipale chofewa ndi Chiopsezo cha Acute Coronary Syndrome. Kafukufuku wa zachipatala mu zamoyo zapamwamba 2012; 101: 11-15.