Kudziwa kuti muli ndi idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) ndizokusintha moyo. Izi zikutanthauza kuti muli ndi mtundu wa matenda akuluakulu a mapapu omwe angayembekezere kuwonjezereka pakapita nthawi. Nthawi zambiri zimapangitsa kuti dyspnea ikhale yovuta komanso yopita patsogolo, kutopa, ndi chifuwa, zizindikiro zomwe zingakhale zochepa; ndipo mwachiwonekere kumapangitsa imfa.
Komabe, anthu omwe ali ndi IPF ali ndi zambiri zonena za momwe angapangire bwino (kapena kuti molakwika) ndi vutoli. Anthu omwe amapindula bwino ndi IPF nthawi zambiri ndiwo omwe amachitapo kanthu kuti athetse vuto lawo. Adzayesa kumvetsetsa momwe angathere pa IPF ndi mankhwala omwe alipo, ndipo adzagwira nawo ntchito yodziwitsa kuti ndi chithandizo chotani chomwe chili choyenera kwambiri kwa iwo. Iwo adzaphatikizapo kusintha kwa moyo wonse komwe kwawonetsedwa kuchepetsa zizindikiro ndi kupitiriza kupulumuka. Ndipo adzaonetsetsa kuti iwo ndi madokotala awo akuyang'anitsitsa kafukufuku wogwira ntchito, omwe akuchitika, omwe akukonzekera kuti apange mankhwala atsopano a IPF.
Zimene Mukuyenera Kudziwa Zokhudza IPF
IPF imayambitsidwa ndi fibrosis yodabwitsa (scarring) ya minofu ya mapapo. Chifukwa cha fibrosis, mapapu amatha kusinthanitsa mpweya pakati pa mpweya wa alveoli (air bags) ndi magazi.
Chotsatira chake, mpweya uli ndi nthawi yovuta kulowa m'magazi. Pamene fibrosis imafalikira, momwemonso dyspnea ndi zizindikiro zina zomwe IPF zimayambitsa nthawi zambiri .
Malingaliro athu ponena za chimene chimayambitsa mapapu opangidwa ndi mapapu fibrosis akhala akusintha m'zaka zaposachedwapa. Poyamba ankakhulupirira kuti kupweteka kwa m'mapapo kunayambitsidwa ndi kutupa m'mapapu a mapapo, ndipo chithandizochi chinali cholepheretsa njira yotupa ndi mankhwala monga steroids , methotrexate , ndi cyclosporine .
Komabe, mankhwala amtundu uwu sanawonetsedwe kuti ndi opindulitsa kwambiri.
Posachedwapa, ambiri ofufuza amakhulupirira kuti vuto lalikulu mu IPF ndilokuti minofu ya m'mapapo imangochiritsa mwachilendo. Machiritso osalimba, ndi zotsatira zake za fibrosis, zimachitika chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa mapapu ang'onozing'ono, ngakhale mtundu wochepa wa mapapo a mapapo omwe amapezeka ndi moyo wamba.
Lingaliro limeneli la machiritso osadziwika mu IPF ndi lofunikira chifukwa chapangitsa ochita kafukufuku kukhala ndi chithandizo chatsopano cha mankhwala, ndiko kupeza njira zothandizira njira yodabwitsa ya machiritso pofuna kuchepetsa fibrosis. Ngakhale kuti machiritso amatha kukhala ovuta kumvetsa, ndipo amafunikanso kuyanjana pakati pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maselo ndi ma molekyulu, zambiri kapena zomwe zakhala zikuchitika kale.
Mankhwala awiri atsopano amavomerezedwa kale chifukwa cha kafukufuku watsopano (pirfenidone ndi nintedanib), ndipo mankhwala ena ambiri pakalipano akuyambitsidwa ndi kuyesedwa kuti azisamalira IPF .
Chinthu chachikulu choyenera kukumbukira ndi chakuti pali zifukwa zambiri zoganizira za mankhwala a IPF kusiyana ndi kale lonse. Ndipo ngati muli ndi IPF, zomwe mungathe kuchita kuti muchepetse kuwonjezeka kwa matendawa, zikhoza kukuthandizani kuti muthandizidwe ndi mankhwala atsopano omwe angakhalepo m'zaka zikubwerazi.
Zimene Mungachite Ngati Muli ndi IPF
Pitani kwa katswiri.
IPF ikhoza kukhala matenda ovuta kuti dokotala aziyang'anira. Chifukwa chakuti ndi zovuta kwambiri, ndipo chifukwa choti kasamalidwe ka IPF kawirikawiri kumaphatikizapo kupanga zofunikira zofunika pa nthawi yoyenera, anthu omwe ali ndi IPF amakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pamene akusamalidwa ndi munthu amene akulimbana ndi matendawa. Kotero ngati muli ndi IPF muyenera kuganizira kwambiri ntchito ndi katswiri wa mankhwala a pulmonary; Komabe, katswiri wamapapo amene amakonda chidwi kwambiri ndi IPF.
Muyenera kupempha dokotala wanu kuti atumizidwe kwa katswiri wotere.
Ngati muli ndi vuto lopeza katswiri wa pulmonary, webusaiti ya Pulmonary Fibrosis Foundation ingakuthandizeni kupeza munthu yemwe ali pafupi ndi kwanu.
Katswiri adzawathandiza kwambiri pakuganiza ngati mukuyenera kulandira mankhwala atsopano a IPF, ndipo nthawi yabwino ikayamba kuyamba. Komanso, kukonzekera kwa mapapo kumaphatikizapo kulingalira, katswiri wa pulmona amatha kuweruza nthawi yoyenera ya njirayi, ndi kukutsogolerani mu njira yovuta yoipeza.
Katswiri wodziŵa zamapapo, makamaka yemwe ali ndi chidwi kwambiri ndi IPF, adzapitiriza kufufuza kafukufuku wamakono pa chipatala cha IPF, ndipo angakhoze ngakhale kulangiza mayesero enieni omwe mungapite nawo, ngati mukufuna. ClinicalTrials.gov akhoza kukupatsani inu mtundu woterewu.
Tengani njira zochepetsera kuwonongeka kwa mapapo.
Pali zinthu zambiri zomwe mungadzipangitse kuti muzitha kuchepetsa kukula kwa mapapu fibrosis. Chifukwa zikuwoneka kuti IPF imayambitsidwa ndi machiritso osalimba poyankha mapulusa a mapapu, muyenera kuchita zonse zomwe mungathe kuti mupewe kuwonongeka kwa mapapo. Pakadutsa izi izi zikuphatikizapo:
Lekani kusuta. Kusuta fodya kumayambitsa kukwiya koopsa komanso kuwononga mapepala anu. Anthu omwe ali ndi IPF omwe asuta, makamaka omwe akupitiriza kusuta, amadwala kwambiri kuposa osuta fodya. Ndikofunika kuti musasute, komanso kuti aliyense amene akukhala nanu samasuta. Ngati mumasuta, phunzirani zomwe mungachite kuti musiye kusuta.
Pezani katemera. Muyenera kuchita zonse zomwe mungathe kuti mupewe kutenga chibayo kapena matenda ena amapapu. Izi zikutanthauza kutenga katemera wa chaka chonse, komanso katemera wa pneumococcal pneumonia.
Ganizirani kwambiri kuti mukuchitiridwa chithandizo cha GERD. Matenda a reflux a Gastroesophageal (GERD) ndi omwe amachititsa kuti anthu azikhumudwa kwambiri. Zikuoneka kuti reflux yosakanikirana ndi yofala kwambiri kwa anthu omwe ali ndi IPF. Ambiri mwa anthu awa, GERD sichisonyeza zizindikiro-koma zikuchitikabe.
Pa zochitika za reflux izi (kaya zimatulutsa zizindikiro kapena ayi) kambirimbiri kamimba ka asidi kawirikawiri kamalowa m'mapapu, kutulutsa zomwe (mwa anthu opanda IPF) ndizowonongeka zapapu zochepa. Komabe, kwa iwo omwe ali ndi IPF, kupweteka kwakukulu kwa mapapo kumapangika kukhala kuphulika kwa mapapu fibrose. Pa chifukwa chimenechi, akatswiri ambiri amakhulupirira kuti pafupifupi aliyense amene ali ndi IPF ayenera kuikidwa kuchipatala kwa GERD, kaya ali ndi zizindikiro za reflux kapena ayi. Muyenera kukambirana njirayi ndi dokotala wanu.
Thandizo la okosijeni. Mpweya wothandizira ndi wothandiza kwambiri kwa anthu omwe ali ndi IPF, ndipo muyenera kukambirana zachipatala ndi dokotala wanu. Anthu omwe ali ndi IPF amapeza kuti amatha kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ngati amagwiritsa ntchito oksijeni panthawi yogwira ntchito. Pamene matendawa akupitirira, mankhwala opatsirana opitirira amatha kuchepetsa kwambiri zizindikiro za dyspnea pa mpumulo. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, mankhwala okosijeni angakuthandizeni kuti musayambe kuthamanga kwa magazi , omwe nthawi zambiri amapezeka mu IPF.
Pulogalamu ya kukonzanso mapulani. Pulogalamu ya kukonzanso mapulaneti , yofanana ndi yomwe ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda oopsa a m'mapapo , ndi othandiza kwambiri kwa anthu omwe ali ndi IPF. Mapulogalamuwa akuphatikizapo zolimbitsa thupi, kuphunzitsidwa njira zakupuma, kuthandizira maganizo, komanso malangizo abwino. Zonsezi zimathandizira kuchepetsa zizindikiro ndikupangitsa kuti anthu omwe ali ndi IPF apitirize kulandira chithandizo. Muyenera kupempha dokotala wanu kuti akutumizireni kwa mmodzi.
Zakudya za zakudya. Kusunga chakudya chokwanira n'kofunika kwambiri kuti muthe kusintha zotsatira zanu, koma kudya bwino kungakhale kovuta ngati muli ndi IPF. Muyenera kuyesetsa kudya zakudya zomwe zimaphatikizapo zipatso zambiri, ndiwo zamasamba, ndi nyama zowonda. Kudya zakudya zochepa, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosavuta kwa anthu omwe ali ndi IPF kusiyana ndi kudya zakudya zazikulu. Katswiri wa zakufa amatha kukhala othandiza kwambiri pakukuphunzitsani momwe mungapezere zakudya zomwe mukusowa.
Magulu othandizira. Kulowa mu gulu lothandizira lingakhale lothandiza kwambiri. Ndibwino kudziwa kuti pali anthu ena kunja komwe ali ndi mavuto omwe mukukumana nawo. Kuyanjana nawo, ndi kuphunzira momwe adathandizira (ndi kuthandiza ena kupirira) kungakhale kulimbikitsa ndi kulimbitsa. Katswiri wanu wamapapo ayenera kulangiza gulu lothandizira. Pulmonary Fibrosis Foundation ingakuthandizeni kuti mupeze malo anu.
Mawu Ochokera
IPF ndi vuto lalikulu lomwe liri ndi zotsatira zoopsa. Komabe, munthu yemwe ali ndi IPF ali ndi zifukwa zambiri zopezera chiyembekezo masiku ano, makamaka ngati akulandira chithandizo chamankhwala ndipo akugwira nawo ntchito zomwe zingathandize kuti akhalebe ndi thanzi labwino.
> Zotsatira:
> Collard HR, Tino G, Wolemekezeka PW, et al. Zochitika Zoleza Mtima ndi Pulmonary Fibrosis. Yankhulani ndi 2007; 101: 1350.
> Dowman L, Hill CJ, Holland AE. Kukonzekera Kwazitsulo kwa Matenda a Mitsempha. Cochrane Database Rev Rev 2014; : CD006322.
> Lee JS, McLaughlin S, Collard HR. Chisamaliro Chenicheni cha Wodwala ndi Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Curr Opin Pulm Med 2011; 17: 348.
> Raghu G, Collard HR, Egan JJ, et al. Nkhani Yovomerezeka ya ATS / ERS / JRS / ALAT: Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Malangizo Othandizira Kuzindikira ndi Kuyang'anira. Am J Respir Amatsutsa Care Med Med 2011; 183: 788.