Kugwiritsa ntchito nutrigenetics ndi nutrigenomics mukuchita
Kufunika kwa chakudya choyenera cha thanzi chatchuka kwambiri. Hippocrates adalengeza kuti, " Chakudyacho chikhale mankhwala anu ndipo mankhwala akhale chakudya chanu ." Madokotala oyambirira adadziwapo chidziwitso chotani tsopano akuphunzira mwakhama, pogwiritsa ntchito njira zamasayansi komanso njira zamakono. Zikuwoneka kuti sizingakhale zokhudzana ndi kudya "zabwino," komanso kudya zakudya "zabwino" kwa inu .
Kugwirizana kwa majini okhudzana ndi mavitamini ndi nkhani yotentha mu sayansi ya zamankhwala. Zakudya zodzikonda zimakhala ngati njira yothandizira. Kafukufuku wamakono komanso odziwika bwino awonetsa mwayi wa njira iyi, ndipo odwala akukhudzidwa kwambiri ndi zakudya zamakono.
Kodi inu ngati dokotala mukuyenera bwanji kuchitapo kanthu pazochitika zatsopano izi mu chisamaliro chaumoyo? Ndipo ndi zifukwa ziti zomwe mungakonde kuziganizira pamene mukuyankhula ndi odwala anu za zakudya zokha?
Nkhaniyi imapereka ndondomeko yeniyeni ya zakudya zowonjezera m'mimba ndikufufuza zina mwasayansi zomwe zapeza m'mundawu kuti cholinga chanu chikhale chothandizira kuti mupeze momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito zakudya zamtunduwu.
Sayansi Yeniyeni Yotchedwa Sutrigenomics
Timadziwa zakudya zamtundu, matumbo a mabakiteriya, ndi matumbo a m'mimba ndi matupi a thupi zimaphatikizapo malo ovuta omwe amakhudza thanzi laumunthu. Chomwe timadya sikuti chimakhudza thanzi lathu komanso thanzi lathu, komabe zimathandizanso kuti thupi likhale ndi mavitamini komanso mavitamini.
Nutrigenomics ndi sayansi yachinyamata - mawuwa anayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu 2001-omwe akukhudzana ndi mgwirizano pakati pa zakudya zathu ndi majeremusi. Tsopano ndikutheka kuti tipange mankhwala a chilengedwe mosiyana ndi maonekedwe a munthu. Mankhwala otchedwa nutrigenomics amasonyeza kusintha kwa matenda a epidemiology kupita ku zamoyo zam'thupi ndi majini.
Makamaka, ikuyang'ana kusintha kwa majeremusi chifukwa cha zakudya zakudya. Chotsatira chake, cholinga chake ndikumangirira ndi kusinthira mankhwala omwe analipo, ndipo akadali, oyenerera anthu onse.
Pali mafunso ambiri osayankhidwa mkati mwa michere. Komabe, kuthetsa vuto la zakudya zowonjezera mavitamini kungatithandize kuti tiyambe kudya zakudya zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pamodzi ndi njira zowonongeka pofuna kuthandizira ndi kuteteza matenda ndi matenda. Zomwe anapeza za zakudya zamtunduwu zimagwiritsidwa kale ntchito poyesa matenda opatsirana ndi zakudya, monga kutupa matumbo (IBD), shuga, kunenepa kwambiri, ndi khansa. Poganizira maonekedwe a mthupi mwawo (monga zaka komanso moyo umene umakonda), tikhoza kuwongolera njira zothandizira zakudya zamtsogolo.
Kudziwa za ubwino wa zakudya zina zimakhala zatsopano. Kwa zaka zikwi zambiri, mankhwala amtundu wina amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zomera zosiyanasiyana ndi mankhwala omwe amatha kukhala ngati genomic modulators. Mwachitsanzo, zotsutsana ndi khanogenic zotsatira za phytochemicals, zomwe zimapezeka mu ndiwo zamasamba ndi zipatso, tsopano zazindikiritsidwa ndi sayansi. Ochita kafukufuku akuwulula njira zawo zothandizira-mwachitsanzo, mphamvu yowononga antioxidant.
Maphunziro oyambirira pa maulendo a oncology amasonyezanso kuti, pogwiritsidwa ntchito monga njira yowonjezera, mankhwala achilengedwe angachepetse poizoni chifukwa cha radiotherapy kapena chemotherapy. Mofananamo, Mediterranean Diet yathandizidwa ndi sayansi yambiri ngati njira yothandizira kuteteza matenda a mtima chifukwa cha anti-inflammatory properties.
Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa zakudya zamankhwala pa mankhwala azachipatala ndiko, kotero, kukhala mchitidwe wogwiritsa ntchito umboni. Odwala amalimbikitsidwanso kuti azidya chakudya chambiri chodyera chifukwa chowoneka kuti zakudyazi zimayambitsa zamoyo zomwe zimayambitsa matenda aakulu ndikuziletsa.
Nutrigenomics tsopano ikupita patsogolo, kuphatikizapo zakudya zomwe anthu ambiri amadya nazo.
Nutrigenomics ali ndi zofanana ndi pharmacogenomics. Kusiyana kwake, komabe, ndiye kuti wotsirizirayu amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe amachititsa kusintha kwa majini pamene michere ya nutrigenomics imadalira zinthu zachilengedwe zomwe zimapezeka mu chakudya chomwe timadya. Kuwunika kwakukulu kwa nkhani yomwe inafalitsidwa mu July mu Seminare mu Cancer Biology imaneneratu kuti posachedwapa, nutrigenomics idzatha kuthandiza pakukula kwa mankhwala atsopano pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zakuthupi. Chifukwa chake, kuthekera kwa chilango ichi mwina kumapitirira kupatulapo zakudya zodyera komanso zakudya zokha. Zinthu zomwe zingakhalepo m'tsogolomu zingakhale ndi khitchini yokhala ndi makina 3-D omwe amapanga mankhwala osakaniza ndi zakudya zomwe wodwalayo angatenge m'mawa uliwonse ndi khofi.
Nutrigenetics vs. Nutrigenomics
Kusiyana pakati pa nutrigenetics ndi nutrigenomics nthawi zambiri kumakhala kosavuta. Yael Joffe ndi Christine Houghton, omwe ali gulu la Manuka Science lomwe limaphunzitsa zakudya zam'mimba ndi nutrigenetics kwa akatswiri a zachipatala, onani kuti mawu awiriwa akhoza kusiyanitsidwa poyang'ana machitidwe a geni.
Mu nutrigenetics, majini amachitira zinthu zachilengedwe (mwachitsanzo mavitamini). Mosiyana, mu nutrigenomics, chilengedwe chimakhudza maonekedwe a geni. M'mawu ena, chidwi chachikulu cha nutrigenomics ndicho chikoka cha bilolecules pamtundu wa jini. Mamolekyu amenewa akhoza kutembenuza jini kapena pansi, kuwongolera kapena kuwutontholetsa, omwe nthawi zambiri amawamasulira kuti akusintha jini.
Ponena za zonsezi, nutrigenetics ndi nutrigenomics, Joffe ndi Houghton akuganiza kuti amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa. Mankhwala opatsa thanzi amangotengera zowonongeka chabe, monga DNAfit ndi 23ndime, ndipo amaphatikizapo kudziŵa zakudya zamagetsi zomwe zingathandize kumvetsa thanzi komanso kuchitika kwa matenda mwa munthu wina.
Mosakayika, mgwirizano wa nutrigenetics ndi nutrigenomics ingakuthandizeni ngati dokotala kukhala ndi chithandizo chabwino kwambiri kwa odwala anu. Komabe, izi sizingakhale zoongoka, ndipo mwina muyenera kulingalira zina mwa zofooka ndi mikangano ya kumunda.
Zochita ndi Zopindulitsa Zogwiritsa Ntchito Nutrigenomics Muzochita Zanu
Ngakhale akatswiri ambiri amakhulupirira kuti zakudya zam'mimba zimakhala zowonjezereka, sizinali zochitika zambiri. Umboni wotsimikizirika wa lingaliroli ndi wofunika kwambiri musanayambe kugwira ntchito nthawi zonse. Kafukufuku akupitirira; Komabe, zikuwoneka kuti pakalipano, zinthu zosadziwika zomwe zikudziwika kwambiri kuposa zomwe zimadziwika.
Nthaŵi zina amatsutsana kuti teknoloji yamankhwalayi ikanatha kumasulidwa msanga, popanda umboni wolimba wothandizira mawu ena omwe makampani omwe amapereka zowona zamalonda.
Mwachitsanzo, Christiana Pavlidis, yemwe ndi katswiri wa zamankhwala ku yunivesite ya Patras ku Greece, ananena kuti pakalipano, majini 38 omwe amayesedwa kawirikawiri m'magetsi amachititsa kuti asagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi matenda okhudzana ndi zakudya. Pavlidis amavomereza kuti ndikofunikira kupitiliza ndi kufufuza za mphamvu ya zakudya pa jini ndi mapuloteni. Komabe, amachenjezanso kuti asamangonena zoona. Pavlidis akuwonetsa kuti mayesero atsopano asanayambe kupezeka kwa anthu, payenera kukhala kufufuza bwino ndi kufotokozera kwa umboni.
Chitsanzo cha chithandizo chamankhwala cholinga cha kuteteza matenda opangidwa ndi maonekedwe a munthu ali ndi ubwino wambiri. Amakhudzidwa ndi kupewa matenda m'malo mochiza matenda. Otsogola ena otsogolera akuwona kuti zakudya zamtunduwu ndizo "mafuta oyera" a mankhwala amtsogolo. Ndikofunika, komabe, kuti mupitirize kufufuza ndi kufufuza kwatsopano kumunda.
Mwachitsanzo, kafukufuku amasonyeza kuti anthu amagwiritsa ntchito mafuta omega-3 osiyanitsa malingana ndi mawonekedwe awo, kutanthauza kuti anthu ena sangapindule nawo. Kafukufuku wina wa ku Canada womwe unatsogoleredwa ndi Melanié Plourde kuchokera ku Research Center ku ukalamba ku Sherbrooke, wasonyeza kuti odwala omwe amawopsa kwambiri chifukwa cha matenda a Alzheimer's (E4) amawoneka ovuta kwambiri omega-3 ndipo amatha kuwonjezerapo zina mwachangu.
Zotsatira zam'tsogolo zowonjezera ziyenera kugwirizanitsidwa nthawi zonse ku zowona zamalonda zamtunduwu ndikudziwitsa uphungu wothandizira odwala. Monga katswiri wa zaumoyo, mungafunike kukhala ngati mlonda wam'chipatala amene amayesa zenizeni za mayeso ndi miyeso yatsopano zatsopano zamakono zamakono zotsutsana ndi zachipatala.
Mmene Mungayendere Odwala Zokhudza Matenda a Nutrigenomics
Kafukufuku akusonyeza kuti chiwerengero chowonjezereka cha odwala akufufuza mayeso ndi uphungu wa nutrigenomic. Kukambirana za zakudya zamtunduwu pakati pa inu ndi odwala anu, kotero, kungakhale kofala kwambiri m'tsogolomu.
Makampani opanga pawebusaiti amapangitsa odwala anu kudziwa zambiri zokhudza jini. Komabe, ogula kawirikawiri sasowa maphunziro kuti azitha kutanthauzira molondola zotsatira za zotsatira zawo. Choncho, akatswiri omwe ali ndi chidziwitso cha nutrigenomics akhoza posakhalitsa kukhala zothandiza kwambiri.
Mwachitsanzo, kuyerekezera mwachindunji kumagetsi kungasonyeze kuti wodwala samapanga tizilombo toyambitsa lactose. Izi sizikutanthawuza kuti, makamaka kuti lactose satsutsa ngati mabakiteriya awo amatha kupsa mkaka. Ngati mungathe kumasulira bwino zotsatira za kuyezetsa zakudya za odwala mu moyo weniweni "njira zopezera chakudya," izi zikhoza kuwonjezera pa zotsatira zowonetsera kwa odwala anu.
Kupeza chidziwitso china m'derali kungakhale kothandiza pakuchita kwanu. Maphunziro omaliza maphunziro a nutrigenomics kwa akatswiri a zaumoyo ali kale; Mwachitsanzo, imodzi imaperekedwa ndi kampani yophunzitsa Manuka Science.
Udindo wanu monga dokotala ukhozanso kuphatikizapo kulangiza odwala pa zolephera zazamalonda zamagetsi. Zalembedwa kale kuti m'nyumba za DNA zapakhomo zimakhalabe zolakwika. Mwachitsanzo, kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa makampani kutchulidwa. Zotsutsana zomwezo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazamalonda za nutrigenetics ndi mayeso a nutrigenomics.
Odwala anu ayenera kudziwa kuti mayesero ena amalonda angaperekedwe nawo maulosi osatsutsika. Malangizo ochokera kwa katswiri, makamaka pamene akulimbana ndi zovuta, ndiye kukhala kofunikira. Kuwonjezera apo, sizikuwonekeranso kwa asayansi ochita khalidwe momwe angalimbikitsire odwala kuti apeze zakudya zatsopano zomwe zimagwirizana ndi zosowa zawo. Malingana ndi kafukufuku waposachedwapa, mayesero okhawo samapereka chilimbikitso chokwanira.
Zakudya zopangidwa ndi zakudya zimakhala ndi zoperewera, ndipo akatswiri ena owona za zakudya amadzindikira kuti ngati zakudya zoperewera zimatsatiridwa kwa nthawi yaitali, zimatha kukhala ndi matenda osauka a microbiome, omwe agwirizana ndi zotsatira za thanzi labwino. Kafukufuku wa odwala a ku Ulaya omwe ali ndi Matenda Opatsirana Ambiri amasonyeza kuti mafinya awo omwe ali ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ali ndi 25 peresenti yochepera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda poyerekezera ndi anthu abwino. Izi zikusonyeza kuti zochepa zamatumbo sizinasinthe bwino pa thanzi. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, kulemera kwa microbiota (kotengedwa ndi zakudya zosiyanasiyana) kwagwirizana ndi thanzi labwino.
Monga katswiri wa zachipatala, muyenera kutumiza uthenga kwa odwala anu musanapange zosankha zazikulu zokhudzana ndi zakudya zawo zatsopano-makamaka ngati akulimbikitsidwa ndi zotsatira zapakhomo lakumidzi komwe limakhala ndi vuto la sayansi.
> Zotsatira:
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